一类带单侧约束力学问题的变分方法

力学中许多问题如弹塑性问题，弹塑性接触问题、塑性耦合问题，渗流问题等，其约束条件或者边界形态是无法预知的，只能用一组不等式表示，属于非线性问题，经典的变人原理在求解此类问题时只能采取繁琐的迭代过程。     

关于平面问题分类的再探讨

关于平面问题分类的再探讨张雷顺（郑州工学院，郑州４５０００２）由于平面问题比较简单，所以在弹性力学教材中，对平面问题给出了较多的篇幅，也列举了较多的例题．在工程中，相当多的问题也都近似为平面问题处理．但在认定平面问题和进行平面问题分类方面，作者发现时...     

关于平面问题分类的再探讨

关于平面问题分类的再探讨张雷顺（郑州工学院，郑州４５０００２）由于平面问题比较简单，所以在弹性力学教材中，对平面问题给出了较多的篇幅，也列举了较多的例题．在工程中，相当多的问题也都近似为平面问题处理．但在认定平面问题和进行平面问题分类方面，作者发现时...     

动态设计变量优化方法及其在工程静力学通用程序设计中的应用

本文提出动态设计变量优化新方法并解决理论和工程问题，该方法首先构建目标函数框架，然后根据具体问题的输入条件，动态地进行设计变量分配和合理排序，形成实际问题的动态目标函数。基于动态设计变量优化方法，编制出一个能解决单刚体、刚体系的平面和空间问题、摩擦问题和桁架所有工程静力学平衡问题的通用程序，并通过实例分析验证。为解决更多工程领域问题提供有效新观点。     

变厚度板弯曲的边界元分析法

由于变厚度板弯曲问题的控制分方程复杂，直接求解其基本解推导边界积分方程建立边界元分析法较为困难，本文通过引入等效荷载，等效刚度，将此问题的控制微分方程化成与普通薄板弯曲问题基本方程相同的形式，利用求解通板弯曲问题的边界元迭代求解，建立了分析变厚度板弯曲问题的蛤法，算例表明本方法理正确，精度良好。     

套管-水泥环-地层应力分布的理论解

利用弹性力学理论研究地应力场中套管-水泥环-地层系统应力分布的理论解，在求解过程中，将原问题分解为两个相对简单的子问题．考虑到套管井系统是层状结构的特点，且各层受力情况具有相似性，进一步地，基于两个弹性力学平面应变基本问题的解，采用结构力学的求解思想，由位移连续条件分别求得了两个子问题的解，最后由叠加原理得到了原问题的理论解．     

一维杆与结构接触冲击问题的计算

一维杆与结构接触冲击问题的计算黄剑敏，任文敏（清华大学工程力学系，北京１０００８４）１引言工程中大量存在着杆与结构的接触冲击问题，对这类问题的研究极为重要，但这方面的论著甚少，理论所能解决的问题更少，仅在极个别的情况下有精确解。Ｔ．Ｔ．Ｒ．Ｈｕｇｈｅ...     

基于混合遗传算法的动力系统阻尼参数识别方法

将动力系统阻尼参数识别反问题转化为非线性优化问题处理，提出了基于遗传算法的动力系统阻尼参数识别方法。为了提高简单遗传算法的计算效率和处理早熟问题，将模拟退火算法与遗传算法相结合，建立了混合遗传算法。数值计算结果表明，本文所建立的方法对于求解参数识别反问题和非线性优化问题是非常有效的，并且具有良好的鲁棒性和全局收敛能力。     

复合材料的裂纹动力学问题的模型

复合材料产生裂纹后，其纤维处形成“桥连”，这是一个不可避免的现象。由于桥连问题很复杂，在数学方法的处理上有很大困难，至今人们研究的大多是桥连的静力学问题，而对其动力学问题研究得很少。只有建立复合材料的桥连动力学模型，才能更好地研究复合材料的断裂动力学问题。为了便于分析复合材料的问题，将桥连处用载荷代替，当裂纹高速扩展时，其纤维也连续地断裂。通过复变函数论的方法，将所讨论的问题转化为Riemann-Hilbet问题。利用建立的动态模型和自相似方法，得到了正交异性体中扩展裂纹受运动的集中力Px/t及均布载荷作用下位移、应力和动态应力强度因子的解析解，并通过迭加原理，最终求得了该模型的解。     

求解线性方程组的一种新方法

将线性方程组的一般系数矩阵转化为对称正定矩阵，从而把原线性方程组的求解问题转化为一个等价变分问题的极少值点寻优问题，借助对分寻优法进行求解。算例结果表明，本文方法不仅对于良态线性方程组的求解问题是有效的，而且对于病态线性方程组的求解问题同样是有效的。     

分数因子与分数阶完整力学系统的运动方程和循环积分

引入分数因子和分数增量,给出了分数阶微积分的定义和性质;基于分数阶导数的定义,证明了含有分数因子的等时变分与分数阶算子的交换关系;提出了分数阶完整保守和非保守系统的Hamilton原理;建立了分数阶完整保守系统和非保守系统的运动微分方程;得到了分数阶完整保守系统的循环积分;并利用分数阶循环积分导出分数阶罗兹方程．最后给出了两个例子．研究表明利用分数因子给出的分数阶微分方程是一个含有分数因子的通常的微分方程,那么分数阶系统运动微分方程的求解都可以采用通常微分方程的求解方法．     

Natural harmonic oscillations of a heavy fluid in basins of complex shape

The natural harmonic oscillations of a heavy fluid in uniform-depth basins of complex shape, including those with three or more symmetry axes, are investigated within the shallow-water approximation. The waves are assumed to be gently sloping. The modes found are compared with the similar modes in an elliptic basin representing the class of basins with two symmetry axes. The mode characteristics associated with the number of basin symmetry axes and the basin shape are explored. Basins with two symmetry axes whose shape differs considerably from the elliptic, in particular, nonconvex basins, are considered. Both rotating and non-rotating basins are studied. The possibility of approximating the amplitudes of certain rotating-basin mode classes by Bessel functions is discussed.     

Three-dimensional stretched flow of Jeffrey fluid with variable thermal conductivity and thermal radiation

This article addresses the three-dimensional stretched flow of the Jeffrey fluid with thermal radiation. The thermal conductivity of the fluid varies linearly with respect to temperature. Computations are performed for the velocity and temperature fields. Graphs for the velocity and temperature are plotted to examine the behaviors with different parameters. Numerical values of the local Nusselt number are presented and discussed. The present results are compared with the existing limiting solutions, showing good agreement with each other.     

根部柔性梁的不确定性建模与确认

首先导出了包含根部挠性参数的悬臂梁动力学方程近似解,将平动和转动柔性参数作为不确定性源,根据若干预紧力矩下的模态实验结果完成了柔性参数识别,并假定其服从正态随机分布,识别了均值与标准差,进而通过回归分析建立了不确定参数随预紧力矩变化的数学模型.最后通过新的模态实验结果对所建模型进行了确认,通过确认结果,明确了该模型的使用范围.     

Transversely isotropic hyper-elastic material rectangular plate with voids under a uniaxial extension

IntroductionHyper_elasticmaterials ,suchasrubberandpolyurethane ,havemanyexcellentpropertiesandhavebeenusedwidelyinalmostallregionsofevery_daylifeandindustrialmanufacturing .Thevoidformationandgrowthinhyper_elasticmaterialsduetotheinstabilityofmaterialsplayafundamentalroleinthemechanismsofmaterialfractureandfailure.SotheproblemhasgotacertaindevelopmentinthepasttwentyyearsandtherecentreviewisthatofHorgan[1] .Chou_WangandHorgan[2 ] ,RenandCheng[3 ,4] studiedthegrowthofacentervoidinthecylindero…     

Forced Vibration of Continuous System with Unsymmetrical Collision Characteristics

This paper deals with steady-state response of a continuous system with nonlinear boundary conditions which are motion-limiting constraint. An analytical method of approximate solution for the continuous system with unsymmetrical collision characteristics in which the beam end collides with a stop once in one period of its vibration is presented. Some numerical results of the approximate solution are shown. Contrary to the case of continuous system with symmetrical collision characteristics, the resonance curves of nonlinear response of approximate solution are shown as discontinuous line. Some numerical results of a continuous system with no hysteresis damping are compared with those of a continuous system with hysteresis damping and a single-degree-of-freedom system.     

非结构混合网格化学非平衡粘性绕流数值模拟

在非结构混合网格上对化学非平衡粘性绕流进行了数值模拟。控制方程为考虑了化学非平衡效应的二维Navier-Stokes方程,化学动力学模型为7组元、7反应模型。控制方程中的对流项采用VanLeer逆风分裂格式处理,并应用MUSCL方法及Minmod限制器扩展到二阶精度,粘性项用中心差分格式处理。时间推进采用显式5步龙格-库塔方法。为了适应高超声速流场计算,对VanLeer通量分裂方法进行了改进,并引入了化学反应时间步长。对RAMC-II模型的飞行试验流场进行了数值模拟,计算结果与试验测量数据符合较好,并与参考文献中的数值模拟结果吻合。     

Asymptotic solutions for the asymmetric flow in a channel with porous retractable walls under a transverse magnetic field

The self-similarity solutions of the Navier-Stokes equations are constructed for an incompressible laminar flow through a uniformly porous channel with retractable walls under a transverse magnetic field. The flow is driven by the expanding or contracting walls with different permeability. The velocities of the asymmetric flow at the upper and lower walls are different in not only the magnitude but also the direction. The asymptotic solutions are well constructed with the method of boundary layer correction in two cases with large Reynolds numbers, i.e., both walls of the channel are with suction, and one of the walls is with injection while the other one is with suction. For small Reynolds number cases, the double perturbation method is used to construct the asymptotic solution. All the asymptotic results are finally verified by numerical results.     

Generalized variational principles on nonlinear theory of elasticity with finite displacements

Two generalized variational principles on nonlinear theory of elasticity with finitedisplacements in which the σ_(ij),e_(i j)and u_i are all three kinds of independent functionsare suggested in this paper.It isproved that these two generalized variational principles areequivalent to each other if the stress-strain relation is satisfied as constraint.Some specialcases,i.e.generalized variational principles on nonlinear theory of elasticity with smalldeformation,on linear theory with finite deformation and on linear theory with smalldeformation together with the corresponding equivalent theorems are also obtained.All ofthem are related to the three kinds of independent variables.     

Noether symmetries and conserved quantities for Birkhoffian systems with time delay

The Noether symmetries and conserved quantities for Birkhoffian systems with time delay are proposed and studied. First, the Pfaff–Birkhoff principle with time delay is proposed, and Birkhoff’s equations with time delay are obtained. Second, based on the invariance of the Pfaff action with time delay under a group of infinitesimal transformations, the Noether symmetric transformations and the Noether quasisymmetric transformations of the system are defined, and the criteria of the Noether symmetries are established. Finally, the relationship between the symmetries and the conserved quantities are studied, and the Noether theorems for Birkhoffian systems with time delay are established. Some examples are given to illustrate the application of the results.