多模导航模拟器时间同步控制系统设计与实现

在多模导航模拟器的设计过程中,由于需要模拟的导航信号频点较多,使得如何修正由于多个上位机程序启动时间差异导致的数据包不同步,以及如何控制不同中频板卡同步启动以产生时间同步的中频信号成为了关键问题。针对这两个问题,设计并实现了一种应用于基于软件无线电体系架构多模导航信号模拟器的时间同步控制系统。该系统通过由系统计时板对外设板卡同步触发启动控制,驱动软件与外设板卡1s时隙同步控制,以及驱动软件向外设板卡传输数据包的同步控制,实现对各系统频点的时间同步控制,能够支持多模导航信号模拟器长时间持续稳定的工作,具有各系统频点时间同步精度高和系统复杂度低等优点。通过联合定位测试结果表明,采用本控制系统的多模导航模拟器的各系统频点的输出信号是时间同步的。     

一种组合式甚高频全向信标和仪表着陆系统信号模拟器研制

针对传统的甚高频全向信标信号模拟器和仪表着陆系统信号模拟器智能化程度低、可靠性不高、携带不方便的缺点,设计了一种体积小、功耗低、精度高的组合式甚高频全向信标和仪表着陆系统信号模拟器。采用数字信号处理技术由FPGA完成多种音频调制信号的合成,利用具有幅度调谐功能的DDS合成载波信号,使用组合衰减技术实现输出电平在大范围内连续可调,满足了甚高频全向信标及仪表着陆系统信号格式及输出需求。信号模拟器实现了甚高频全向信标、航向、下滑与指点信标的信号模拟。整机性能经测试符合技术指标要求,现已经小批量推广应用,市场前景很好。     

基于多系统的1553B和串行通信的PXI板卡设计

为了满足箭上单机设备的通用化测试需求,设计了适用于航天领域的基于多系统的1553B总线和串行通信的PXI板卡;介绍了板卡的主要功能、基本原理、硬件设计、Windows系统和VxWorks系统下软件驱动开发,用户层软件设计等;工程应用表明:板卡在-40~70 ℃环境温度下,1553B通信速率1 Mbps,多路串行通信波特率800 bps至8M bps的条件下实时传输无误码,运行稳定,在多系统平台下图形显示实时性能高,板卡已经在多种箭上设备的通用测试中得到广泛应用。     

基于USB总线的离散量接口设计与实现

为了满足航空电子仿真系统对离散量输入输出控制的需求,设计开发了一种基于USB总线的离散量输入输出接口。该接口采用USB芯片CH375完成板卡与主机数据通信,51单片机作为主控制器,CPLD实现地址译码和逻辑控制,光耦和继电器分别为输入和输出隔离器件,具有采集56路光耦输入信号和56路继电器输出信号的功能。论文详细探讨了系统总体设计、硬件实现、软件配置和工作流程,给出了系统硬件的框架结构、软件架构,详细讨论了系统的驱动软件开发。该接口满足不同仿真系统离散量输入输出的需要,具有稳定性高、可热插拔、通道数目可变的特点,在工程应用中收到了很好的效果。     

VXI总线多通道压力传感器仿真模块设计与实现

某型发动机系统主要由综控器、传感器、电机泵、电磁阀等部件组成,综控器是整个系统的核心控制部件,为测试综控器的性能是否符合要求,需要为综控器提供各种工况下的传感器（主要为压力传感器）数据进行仿真试验。采用真实的压力传感器开展上述工作,一方面需要构建复杂的工作环境,难度大、数据精确度难以保证,另一方面地面环境下的传感器信号变化难以实时调整,难以满足数据快速变化的需要。基于以上因素考虑,给出了一种基于VXI总线的多通道压力传感器仿真模块的设计方法,模块共有24路压力传感器电路,每路独立配置输出。模块以“VXI总线接口电路 VXI总线功能电路”的结构进行布局,VXI总线接口电路主要包括“CPLD 双口RAM”,对VXI总线指令进行解释、译码;VXI总线功能电路主要包括“96系列单片机 DA输出电路 两线压力传感器电路”,完成对真实传感器输出信号的电气特性仿真模拟。模块的驱动程序在Lab Windows/CVI6.0的环境下编制,供用户进行程序调用和快速操作使用。该模块已在VXI总线测试系统中得到应用,实际情况表明,模块的输出精度高、信号调整方便、响应快,满足了综控器仿真深度测试的要求。     

基于CPLD的多路瞬态冲击信号存储测试系统设计

为了对水平碰撞、跌落等环境试验中的多路瞬态冲击信号进行测试,基于CPLD设计了多路瞬态冲击信号嵌入式存储测试系统。系统采用高速串行AD转换芯片作为数据采集的执行器件,实现了多路冲击信号的同步高速采集;利用铁电存储器对采集到的信号进行在线存储;设计了USB接口模块,实现了PC机与测试系统之间的通信,并在LABVIEW环境下设计了数据回读软件;经试验验证了测试系统的正确性和可靠性。     

基于PCI-E总线的高速多通道信号发生器设计

针对现代水声定位系统性能检测需求,设计了一种基于PCI-E总线的高速多通道信号发生器。利用PC机LABVIEW软件生成不同的电模拟信号,通过PCI-E总线板卡输出到信号发生板,实现信号高速稳定传输;以FPGA为核心控制器,利用PCI9054桥芯片实现本地总线转换,经过DA逻辑控制以及多通道模拟电路调理,最终完成多通道信号波形输出。经测试系统功能稳定,达到了指标要求。该设计结构简单,可扩展性强,具有广阔的应用前景,目前已成功应用于某水声定位系统实验室功能检测。     

基于无线传感器网络节点采集存储系统设计

无线传感器网络是当前前沿热点研究领域;随着无线传感器网络的发展,每一个节点采集信号的精度和速率成为关键因素;本设计以FPGA、DSP作为控制核心,实现了一种可对多路信号同时高速采集的系统,采样率为72 kHz,利用流水线技术对混合编帧后的数据进行存储,存储速率为6.282 MB/s,以解决数据量传送速率的问题,并利用无线传输将传感器节点信息传入汇聚节点输出;测试结果表明:该设计可以完成对多路信号的同时采集和存储且整个系统稳定可靠。     

基于三模冗余的运载火箭增压控制设备设计

目前某型号运载火箭增压输送系统采用机械式控制方式,该方式调试难度较高、误差较大;为此提出了一种基于三模冗余的数字式增压控制设备方案;该增压控制设备采用3个完全相同的处理单元进行压力数据采集及处理,在每个处理单元中,由数字式压力传感器进行贮箱压力测量并传送给单片机;通过单片机进行软件滤波和数据分析判读处理,输出控制信号;采用高可靠硬件表决单元对单片机输出的控制信号进行三取二表决,输出最终的电磁阀控制结果;试验表明,该增压控制设备易于调试和测试,测量精度在1%以内;该增压控制设备已完成样机研制,具有较高的通用性及可靠性。     

基于WiFi通讯的磁浮车间隙传感器测试系统设计

针对磁浮车间隙传感器工作环境恶劣需要频繁地测试与维护的问题,应用无线通讯技术、虚拟仪器技术、数字信号处理技术,设计了一种基于WiFi通讯的磁浮车间隙传感器测试系统,该系统在原有磁浮车间隙传感器的基础上增加WiFi模块使传感器具有无线通讯功能,采用具有WiFi通讯功能的便携式PC机作为系统的监控终端,利用图形化编程语言LabVIEW编写监控终端的人机交互界面。测试结果表明：该系统工作稳定可靠、操作简便,实现了对间隙传感器特性的无线测试、存储、分析和非线性校正,非线性校正后的间隙传感器具有良好的线性特性,其输入输出特性达到了磁浮车悬浮控制系统的要求,可用于悬浮控制系统的闭环控制。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.     

Speech enhancement by array crosstalk resistant ANC and spectrum subtraction

Microphone array-based speech enhancement has great importance for speech communications and speech recognition. To reduce the aperture of the microphone array and to increase the effect of the speech enhancement will greatly broaden the application areas of the microphone array. An array crosstalk resistant adaptive noise cancellation method is therefore presented. And then an improved spectral subtraction algorithm is further cascaded to obtain better enhancement results. Theoretic analysis and experiments indicate that the proposed scheme needs only a very small microphone array while it simultaneously achieves a higher SNR improvement. Besides, the proposed scheme can be used in many noisy environments and is easy for real-time implementation.     

Multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser

Our experimental results show that the presence of a proper amount of negative group velocity dispersion is essential to multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser. We demonstrate that the pulse separations and the number of pulses contained within a cavity round trip are strongly dependent on the initial perturbations. The results allow us to get a better understanding on the influences of the convoluted self-phase modulation and intra-cavity dispersions on the stable multi-pulse oscillation in a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser.     

Propagation of Helmholtz-Gauss beams in weak turbulent atmosphere

Based on the Rytov approximation of light propagation in weak turbulent atmosphere,the closed-form expressions of field and average irradiance of each one of the four fundamental families of Helmholtz-Gauss (HzG)beams:cosine-Gauss beams,stationary Mathieu-Gauss beams,stationary parabolic-Gauss beams,and Bessel-Gauss beams,which are propagating in weak turbulent atmosphere,are obtained.The results show that the field and average irradiance can be written as the product of four factors:complex amplitude depending on the z-coordinate only,a Ganssian beam.a factor of complex phase perturbation induced by atmospheric turbulence,and a complex scaled version of the transverse shape of the non-diffracting beam.The effect of weak atmospheric turbulence on irradiance distribution of the HzG beam can be ignored.