纳米材料在乳制品三聚氰胺检测中的应用进展

主要综述了纳米材料在乳制品三聚氰胺检测中的研究进展.对以纳米材料为基础或与纳米材料相关的三聚氰胺检测的新方法进行了介绍,其中包括比色法、荧光光谱法、共振光散射光谱法、表面增强拉曼散射光谱法、电致化学发光法和毛细管电泳法.     

Fe3O4@Ag纳米粒子的制备与表征

采用共沉淀法制备了Fe3O4纳米颗粒,并以之为原料利用晶种生长法进一步制备Fe3O4@ Ag复合纳米材料.利用紫外-可见吸收光谱和表面增强拉曼散射光谱对复合纳米材料的性能进行表征,显示Fe3O4@ Ag复合纳米材料具有良好的SERS活性.     

在SiO2分子筛内CdS纳米晶的内延生长及特性研究

近年来,国际上纳米材料科学及其应用的研究非常活跃.纳米材料的尺寸效应和面效应与体材料相比有特殊的物理和化学特性,尤其是它的界面效应更为明显,因而米材料作为一种新兴的材料,受到了广泛的重视.但到目前为止,纳米材料的制备大采用化学合成的方法如悬胶法、凝胶-溶胶法等,而利用这些方法制备的纳米材料通常一定的尺寸分布,这主要是由于纳米材料在一定温度和时间下的凝结和分解等原因造的[1],因而严重地影响了纳米材料在各方面的特性.     

纳米Eu∶CaWO_4的微结构、形态、光谱特征及光化学效应

应用柠檬酸法和Pechini法[1],通过控制pH值对反应的前驱体进行处理,经高温烧结获得不同粒度和微结构的Eu∶CaWO4纳米材料。利用XRD,TEM,HRTEM及漫散射荧光光谱表征了晶体结构、微结构和光谱特征以及晶体形态变化。分解罗丹明实验发现所得纳米材料具有良好的光催化效应。     

SnO2-碳纳米管复合纳米材料催化发光传感器测定甲醇

以碳纳米管（CNT）为模板，采用液相沉积法合成了SnO2-CNT复合纳米材料。建立了一种SnO2-CNT复合纳米材料测定甲醇的纳米催化发光传感船，并测定了甲醇含量，甲醇的线性范围在50-3000ppm，探讨了SnO2-CNT复合纳米材料催化发光传感器测定甲基叔丁基醚（MTBE）中甲醇的可行性。     

声化学新发展——纳米材料的超声制备

声空化所引发的特殊的物理，化学环境为制备具有特殊性能的新型材料提供了一条重要的途径，近年来，声化学处理已成为制备纳米材料的一种十分有效的技术，文章综合介绍了超声法制备纳米材料的主要类型，其中包括超声声解法，声化学还原法，超声共沉淀法，超声微乳液法等，并着重阐述了超声的作用原理和各种方法的特点。     

纳米Eu∶CaWO4的微结构、形态、光谱特征及光化学效应

应用柠檬酸法和Pechini法[1],通过控制pH值对反应的前驱体进行处理,经高温烧结获得不同粒度和微结构的Eu∶CaWO4纳米材料.利用XRD,TEM,HRTEM及漫散射荧光光谱表征了晶体结构、微结构和光谱特征以及晶体形态变化.分解罗丹明实验发现所得纳米材料具有良好的光催化效应.     

SrAl_2O_4∶Eu,Dy纳米材料与体材料的光电特性研究

用溶胶-凝胶自燃烧法和高温固相法分别制备了纳米和体相SrAl_2O_4:Eu,Dy长余辉磷光体.用X射线衍射对晶体结构进行了表征,用Keithley 2410对材料在有无光照条件下的电流-电压特性进行了分析,同时还测量了样品的真空紫外激发光谱.光照使材料的电流增强,说明至少有部分电子经光照后被激发到导带;纳米材料真空紫外激发光谱发生蓝移,说明纳米材料的禁带宽度要大于体材料的禁带宽度,相同电压下纳米材料的电流小于体材料的电流.     

纳米材料对R134a／矿物油互溶性的影响

参照ASHRAE1990标准,本文设计了测量制冷剂／润滑油混合物互溶性的实验装置,通过观察法获得混合物的临界互溶温度。对R134a／矿物油、R134a／矿物油／纳米材料的互溶性进行了对比实验研究。结果表明,添加纳米材料,可以改善R134a和矿物油的互溶性。     

复合空心立方银/金属纳米材料的制备及其SERS表征

本文用一锅法, 以立方银纳米材料为模板, 通过置换反应成功制备了空心的立方银/钯(Ag/Pd)、银/铂(Ag/Pt)和银/金(Ag/Au)纳米材料, 并将它们作为基底(以KSCN作为探针), 检测其SERS信号。     

Fine structure and isotope shift of the 3s4d 3 D-3s3p 3 P, 3s5d 3 D-3s3p 3 P and 3p 2 3 P-3s3p 3 P Transitions of MgI

Summary We report the measurements of the³ D(3s4d)-³ P(3s3p)³ D(3s5d)-³ P(3s3p), and³ P(3p ²)-³ P(3s3p) transition frequency of MgI, the fine-structure separation and isotope shift between²⁴Mg and²⁶Mg. The measurements have been performed in a metastable atomic beam; a good agreement is found for data already existing in the literature. The accuracy of the measurements reported in this paper is mainly limited by the Doppler broadening of theI ₂ transitions used as a reference and by the precision in the knowledge of the related wavelengths.     

The gas phase infrared band contours of s-triazine and s-triazine-d3: The fundamentals of C3N3H3 and C3N3D3 and some overtone and combination bands of C3N3H3

The systematic application of band contour techniques to account for most of the observed features of the ir spectra of s-triazine and s-triazine-d₃ have been made as well as a critique as to the limitations of such methods. The experimental and computer methods used to study the gas phase infrared band contours of s-triazine and s-triazine-d₃ are out-lined. Contours of the five E′ fundamentals of s-triazine have been recorded under moderate resolution and analyzed to give the Coriolis constants $\text{ζ}{}_{\mathrm{i}}{}^{\mathrm{z}}$, i = 6–10. The effects of l-resonance are very apparent for ν₈ and ν₉, in the form of holes in the Q branches of these bands. Under the highest resolution available, ν₆ and ν₁₀ also show l-resonance effects. Values of the l-doubling constants $\text{q}{}_{\mathrm{i}}{}^{\mathrm{(+)}}$ were obtained for these four fundamentals. One of the parallel A₂″ fundamentals of C₃H₃N₃ (ν₁₂) has also been studied. It lies close to ν₁₀(E′) and an A × E type of second-order Coriolis resonance may be the cause of the intensity enhancement observed in the inner wings of the ν₁₂ and ν₁₀ bands. Hot bands of the type (ν_i + nν₁₄ ? nν₁₄) have been observed in the contours of ν₈, ν₁₀, and ν₁₂. This is felt to be responsible for the large difference between our observed zeta sum (?1.30) and the theoretical sum (?1.00).The gas phase infrared band contours of the five E′ and 2A₂″ fundamentals of C₃N₃D₃ have also been recorded under moderate resolution. From P-R separations and by computer simulation of the contours, values of the Coriolis constants $\text{ζ}{}_{\mathrm{i}}{}^{\mathrm{z}}$ have been obtained for the E′ modes. The effects of l-resonance have been observed for ν₈(E′) and ν₁₀(E′) and values of the l-doubling constants $\text{q}{}_{\mathrm{i}}{}^{\mathrm{(+)}}$ have been estimated. An extensive series of hot bands of the type (ν₁₂ + nν₁₄ ? nν₁₄) has been observed in the contour of the ν₁₂ (A₂″) fundamental. The mass effect on the Coriolis constants has been discussed.Infrared band contours of the overtone 2ν₇ and seven degenerate E′ combination bands of C₃N₃H₃ have been recorded under moderate resolution. Analysis of these contours using the P-R separation method and computer simulation of the contours has given values of $\text{ζ}{}_{\mathrm{<mtext>eff</mtext>}}{}^{\mathrm{z}}$ for these bands. Fermi resonance between 2ν₇ and ν₆ has been analyzed. The importance of considering both the observed contour as well as the observed frequency when assigning higher tone bands is illustrated.     

LaGaO3:RE3+(RE3+=Eu3+,Ho3+)的光谱

本文用固态反应合成了钙钛矿型的LaGaO3和LaGaO3:RE3+(RE3+=Eu3+,Ho3+)荧光体,并观察了物相随不同的激活离子浓度的变化。测量了化合物在室温下的反射光谱,激发光谱和荧光光谱。研究了Eu3+的D0→7F2和Ho3+的5S2→5I8的荧光强度与激活离子浓度的关系,发现了浓度猝灭,并得到了最大荧光强度的浓度值。     

Dielectric investigations of solid solutions SrTiO3-KTaO3 and SrTiO3-KNbO3

The temperature dependences of the dielectric constant and dielectric hysteresis loops in ceramic samples of (1 ? x)SrTiO_3?x KNbO₃ and (1 ? x)SrTiO_3?x KTaO₃ (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.3) solid solutions prepared using different heat treatments have been investigated. Phase diagrams of the studied solid solutions have been constructed in the T-x coordinates. It has been shown that, after quenching of samples (spontaneous cooling at room temperature after long-term heating at the sintering temperature of the ceramic samples), the temperature of the induced phase transition increases because of the weakening of random electric fields associated with nonisovalent impurities due to their “frozen” nonequilibrium redistribution. For small concentrations x, strong dielectric relaxation is observed in the temperature range of 150–250 K. A model of relaxing centers, which is based on the local charge compensation of heterovalent impurities, has been proposed.     

Infrared spectra of matrix isolated BH3NH3, BD3ND3, and BH3ND3

The infrared spectra of ammonia-borane, BH₃NH₃, and two of its deuterated isotropic species, BD₃ND₃ and BH₃ND₃, isolated in argon matrix at liquid hydrogen temperature have been measured. Well resolved bands for these three isotopic species have been observed for all the fundamentals. A complete frequency assignment based on C₃v molecular symmetry has been made. A set of force constants have been calculated from the data for the two isotopes BH₃NH₃ and BD₃ND₃ using a valence force field. The agreement between experiment and frequencies calculated from these force constants for the mixed isotopic species, BH₃ND₃, substantiates the present assignment.     

O_3 fast and simple treatment-enhanced p-doped in Spiro-MeOTAD for CH_3NH_3I vapor-assisted processed CH_3NH_3PbI_3 perovskite solar cells

We demonstrate a simple and fast post-deposition treatment with high process compatibility on the hole transport material(HTM) Spiro-MeOTAD in vapor-assisted solution processed methylammonium lead triiodide(CH_3NH_3PbI_3)-based solar cells. The prepared Co-doped p-type Spiro-MeOTAD films are treated by O_3 at room temperature for 5 min,10 min, and 20 min, respectively, prior to the deposition of the metal electrodes. Compared with the traditional oxidation of Spiro-MeOTAD films overnight in dry air, our fast O_3 treatment of HTM at room temperature only needs just 10 min,and a relative 40.3% increment in the power conversion efficiency is observed with respect to the result of without-treated perovskite solar cells. This improvement of efficiency is mainly attributed to the obvious increase of the fill factor and short-circuit current density, despite a slight decrease in the open-circuit voltage. Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy(UPS) and Hall effect measurement method are employed in our study to determine the changes of properties after O_3 treatment in HTM. It is found that after the HTM is exposed to O_3, its p-type doping level is enhanced. The enhancement of conductivity and Hall mobility of the film, resulting from the improvement in p-doping level of HTM, leads to better performances of perovskite solar cells. Best power conversion efficiencies(PCEs) of 13.05% and 16.39% are achieved with most properly optimized HTM via CH_3NH_3I vapor-assisted method and traditional single-step method respectively.     

Ba3La(BO3)3基质中Tb3+的光致发光

以高温固相法合成了Ba3La(BO3)3∶Tb3 发光材料。在254nm紫外光激发下,研究了Ba3La(BO3)3∶Tb3 的激发光谱、发射光谱、发光强度与Tb3 浓度的关系。确定了Ba3La(BO3)3基质中Tb3 的自身浓度猝灭机理;探讨了助熔剂LiCO、敏化剂Ce3 、Bi3 的加入对荧光粉的发光强度的影响。     

Terahertz Vibrational Modes in CH3NH3PbI3 and CsPbI3 Perovskite Films

JETP Letters - Films of CH3NH3PbI3 organometallic perovskite, which is currently considered as a promising basic material for new-generation solar cells, as well as films containing CsPbI3...     

Far Infrared Spectra of Ammonia-Boron Trifluoride: NH3BF3 and ND3BF3

Abstract

Spectra of polycrystalline samples of NH₃BF₃ and ND₃BF₃ at 300 K and 98 K have been recorded in the frequency range 20-400 cm^?1. Isotopic frequency ratios are used to interpret the observed features in terms of the known molecular and crystal structures.