Extraordinary optical transmission through a subwavelength composite hole-pillar array

We numerically investigate the transmission properties of a subwavelength composite hole-pillar array. As the radius of the pillar increases, the transmission properties experience a complex evolution. It is found that the magnetic dipole resonance of the pillar suppresses the surface plasmon polariton resonance(SPPR) at the gold-air interface. There are two strong transmission peaks associated with the magnetic dipole resonance of pillar and SPPR at the gold-silica interface. A peak associated with magnetic quadrupole resonance of the pillar is observed. Moreover, there is a weak peak associated with the coupling between the whispering-gallery plasmon(WGP) mode and magnetic dipole. Our work is helpful for making a dual band optical filter.     

Topological phases and type-II edge state in two-leg-coupled Su-Schrieffer-Heeger chains

Topological quantum states have attracted great attention both theoretically and experimentally.Here,we show that the momentum-space lattice allows us to couple two Su-Schrieffer-Heeger(SSH)chains with opposite dimerizations and staggered interleg hoppings.The coupled SSH chain is a four-band model which has sublattice symmetry similar to the SSH4.Interestingly,the topological edge states occupy two sublattices at the same time,which can be regarded as a one-dimension analogue of the type-II corner state.The analytical expressions of the edge states are also obtained by solving the eigenequations.Finally,we provide a possible experimental scheme to detect the topological winding number and corresponding edge states.     

Electrical Control of Edge Magnetism in Two-Dimensional Buckled Honeycomb Lattice

We theoretically study indirect spin coupling strength between two magnetic impurities located on honeycomb Kane-Mele zigzag ribbon （KMZR） with periodic and open boundary （PB and OB）. We show that spin interaction J in PB ribbons displays an AFM-FM oscillating behavior with increasing the staggered potential and electron density, and approaches to maximum at the edges. While the spin coupling in OB KMZR shows a trivial smooth AFM coupling with varying staggered potential. Such a novel J（ A） behavior is the combining effect of finite size, topological edge states and inversion symmetry breaking induced by the staggered potential. We propose that one could control the edge magnetism electrically in two-dimensional buckled honeycomb materials, e.g., silicence, germanene and stanene.     

Steady-state entanglement and heat current of two coupled qubits in two baths without rotating wave approximation

We study the steady-state entanglement and heat current of two coupled qubits, in which two qubits are connected with two independent heat baths(IHBs) or two common heat baths(CHBs). We construct the master equation in the eigenstate representation of two coupled qubits to describe the dynamics of the total system and derive the solutions in the steadystate with stronger coupling regime between two qubits than qubit–baths. We do not make the rotating wave approximation(RWA) for the qubit–qubit interaction, and so we are able to investigate the behaviors of the system in both the strong coupling regime and the weak coupling regime, respectively. In an equilibrium bath, we find that the entanglement decreases with the bath temperature and energy detuning increasing under the strong coupling regime. In the weak coupling regime,the entanglement increases with coupling strength increasing and decreases with the bath temperature and energy detuning increasing. In a nonequilibrium bath, the entanglement without RWA is useful for entanglement at lower temperatures.We also study the heat currents of the two coupled qubits and their variations with the energy detuning, coupling strength and low temperature. In the strong(weak) coupling regime, the heat current increases(decreases) with coupling strength increasing when the temperature of one bath is lower(higher) than the other, and the energy detuning leads to a positive(negative) effect when the temperature is low(high). In the weak coupling regime, the variation trend of heat current is opposite to that of coupling strength for the IHB case and the CHB case.     

Spin-dependent Breit-Wigner and Fano resonances in photon-assisted electron transport through a semiconductor heterostructure

We theoretically investigate the electron transmission through a seven-layer semiconductor heterostructure with the Dresselhaus spin-orbit coupling under two applied oscillating fields. Numerical results show that both of the spin-dependent symmetric Breit-Wigner and the asymmetric Fano resonances appear and that the properties of these two types of resonance peaks are dependent on the amplitude and the relative phases of the two applied oscillating fields. The modulation of the spin-polarization efficiency of transmitted electrons by the relative phase is also discussed.     

Anderson Localization Enhanced Spin Selective Transport of Electrons in DNA

Recent experiments revealed the unusual strong spin effects with high spin selective transmission of electrons in double-stranded DNA. We propose a new mechanism that the strong spin effects could be understood in terms of the combination of the ehiral structure, spin-orbit coupling, and especially spin-dependent Anderson localization. The presence of chiral structure and spin-orbit coupling of DNA induce weak Fermi energy splitting between two spin polarization states. The intrinsic Anderson localization in generic DNA molecules may result in remarkable enhancement of the spin selective transport. In particular, these two spin states with energy splitting have different localization lengths. Spin up/down channel may have shorter/longer localization length so that relatively less/more spin up/down electrons may tunnel through the system. In addition, the strong length dependence of spin selectivity observed in experiments can be naturally understood. Anderson localization enhanced spin selectivity effect may provide a deeper understanding of spin-selective processes in molecular spintronics and biological systems.     

Nonlinear spectroscopy of three-photon excitation of cesium Rydberg atoms in vapor cell

We present nonlinear spectra of four-level ladder cesium atoms employing 6 S1/2→6 P3/2→7 S1/2→30 P3/2 scheme of a room temperature vapor cell.A coupling laser drives Rydberg transition,a dressing laser couples two intermediate levels,and a probe laser optically probes the nonlinear spectra via electromagnetically induced transparency(EIT).Nonlinear spectra are detected as a function of coupling laser frequency.The observed spectra exhibit an enhanced absorption(EA) signal at coupling laser resonance to Rydberg transition and enhanced transmission(ET) signals at detunings to the transition.We define the enhanced absorption(transmission) strength,HEA(HET),and distance between two ET peaks,γET,to describe the spectral feature of the four-level atoms.The enhanced absorption signal HEA is found to have a maximum value when we vary the dressing laser Rabi frequency Ωd,corresponding Rabi frequency is defined as a separatrix point,ΩdSe.The values of ΩdSe and further η=ΩdSe/Ωc are found to depend on the probe and coupling Rabi frequency but not the atomic density.Based on ΩdSe,the spectra can be separated into two regimes,weak and strong dressing ranges,Ωd≤ΩdSe and Ωd≥QdSe,respectively.The spectroscopies display different features at these two regimes.A four-level theoretical model is developed that agrees well with the experimental results in terms of the probe-beam absorption behavior of Rabi frequency-dependent dressed states.     

Finite size effects on the helical edge states on the Lieb lattice

For a two-dimensional Lieb lattice,that is,a line-centered square lattice,the inclusion of the intrinsic spin–orbit(ISO)coupling opens a topologically nontrivial gap,and gives rise to the quantum spin Hall(QSH) effect characterized by two pairs of gapless helical edge states within the bulk gap.Generally,due to the finite size effect in QSH systems,the edge states on the two sides of a strip of finite width can couple together to open a gap in the spectrum.In this paper,we investigate the finite size effect of helical edge states on the Lieb lattice with ISO coupling under three different kinds of boundary conditions,i.e.,the straight,bearded and asymmetry edges.The spectrum and wave function of edge modes are derived analytically for a tight-binding model on the Lieb lattice.For a strip Lieb lattice with two straight edges,the ISO coupling induces the Dirac-like bulk states to localize at the edges to become the helical edge states with the same Dirac-like spectrum.Moreover,it is found that in the case with two straight edges the gapless Dirac-like spectrum remains unchanged with decreasing the width of the strip Lieb lattice,and no gap is opened in the edge band.It is concluded that the finite size effect of QSH states is absent in the case with the straight edges.However,in the other two cases with the bearded and asymmetry edges,the energy gap induced by the finite size effect is still opened with decreasing the width of the strip.It is also proposed that the edge band dispersion can be controlled by applying an on-site potential energy on the outermost atoms.     

Field-assisted electron transport through a symmetric double-well structure with spin--orbit coupling and the Fano-resonance induced spin filtering

We have investigated theoretically the field-driven electron-transport through a double-quantum-well semiconductor-heterostructure with spin-orbit coupling. The numerical results demonstrate that the transmission spectra are divided into two sets due to the bound-state level-splitting and each set contains two asymmetric resonance peaks which may be selectively suppressed by changing the difference in phase between two driving fields. When the phase difference changes from 0 to π, the dip of asymmetric resonance shifts from one side of resonance peak to the other side and the asymmetric Fano resonance degenerates into the symmetric Breit-Wigner resonance at a critical value of phase difference. Within a given range of incident electron energy, the spin polarization of transmission current is completely governed by the phase difference which may be used to realize the tunable spin filtering.     

Modulation of Fano resonances in symmetry-broken gold-SiO2-gold nanotube dimers

Fano resonances in the symmetry-broken gold-SiO2-gold(BGSG)nanotubes and the associated dimers have been investigated based on the finite element method.In the BGSG nanotube,the symmetry breaking induced the interactions of the inner gold core and outer gold nanoshell plasmons of all multipolar orders and hence the red-shifts of the plasmon resonance modes and the enhanced quadrupole mode peaks were observed.The interference of the quadrupole mode peak with the subradiant dipole mode caused a Fano-dip in the scattering spectrum.By increasing the core offset-value in the BGSG nanotube,the Fano dip with low energy showed a red-shift and became deeper.Unexpectedly the plasmon coupling between a GSG nanotube and a BGSG nanotube can lead to two strong Fano dips in the scattering spectra of the dimer.It was further noted that the thin side of the BGSG nanotube located at two sides of the dimer gap can lead to the strong near-field coupling between two BGSG nanotubes and hence a deeper and broader Fano dip.     

自旋轨道耦合Su-Schrieffer-Heeger原子链系统的电子输运特性

在Su-Schrieffer-Heeger (SSH)原子链中,电子在胞内和胞间的跳跃依赖于其自旋时,即SSH原子链存在自旋轨道耦合作用时,存在不同缠绕数的非平庸拓扑边缘态.如何探测自旋轨道耦合SSH原子链不同缠绕数的边缘态是一个重要问题.本文在紧束缚近似下研究了自旋轨道耦合SSH原子链的非平庸拓扑边缘态性质及其零能附近的电子输运特性.研究发现四重和二重简并边缘态的缠绕数分别为2和1;并且仅当源极入射电子的自旋被极化(铁磁电极)时,自旋轨道耦合SSH原子链在零能附近的电子输运特性才能反映其边缘态的能谱特性.尤其是,随着自旋轨道耦合SSH原子链与左、右导线之间的耦合强度由弱到强改变,对于缠绕数为2的四重简并边缘态,入射电子在零能附近的透射峰数目将从4个变为0;而对于缠绕数为1的二重简并边缘态情形,其透射峰数目将从2个变为0.因此,在源极为铁磁电极的情形下,通过观察自旋轨道耦合SSH原子链在零能附近电子共振透射峰的数目随着其与左、右导线之间耦合强度的变化,来探测其不同缠绕数的边缘态.上述结果为基于电子输运特性探测自旋轨道耦合SSH原子链不同拓扑性质的边缘态提供了一种可选择的理论方案.     

Double point contact in quantum Hall line junctions

We show that multiple point contacts on a barrier separating two laterally coupled quantum Hall fluids induce Aharonov-Bohm (AB) oscillations in the tunneling conductance. These quantum coherence effects provide new evidence for the Luttinger liquid behavior of the edge states of quantum Hall fluids. For a two point contact, we identify coherent and incoherent regimes determined by the relative magnitude of their separation and the temperature. We analyze both regimes in the strong and weak tunneling amplitude limits as well as their temperature dependence. We find that the tunneling conductance should exhibit AB oscillations in the coherent regime, both at strong and weak tunneling amplitudes with the same period but with different functional form.     

Topological and Nontopological Edge States Induced by Qubit-Assisted Coupling Potentials

In the usual Su–Schrieffer–Heeger (SSH) chain, the topology of the energy spectrum is divided into two categories in different parameter regions. Here, the topological and nontopological edge states induced by qubit-assisted coupling potentials in circuit quantum electrodynamics (QED) lattice modeled as a SSH chain are studied. It is found that, when the coupling potential added on only one end of the system raises to a certain extent, the strong coupling potential will induce a new topologically nontrivial phase accompanied by the appearance of a nontopological edge state, and the novel phase transition leads to the inversion of odd–even effect directly. Furthermore, the topological phase transitions when two unbalanced coupling potentials are injected into both ends of the circuit QED lattice are studied, and it is found that the system exhibits three distinguishing phases with multiple flips of energy bands. These phases are significantly different from the previous phase induced via unilateral coupling potential due to the existence of a pair of nontopological edge states. The scheme provides a feasible and visible method to induce different topological and nontopological edge states through controlling the qubit-assisted coupling potentials in circuit QED lattice both in experiment and theory.     

时间反演对称性破缺系统中的拓扑零能模

Su-Schreiffer-Heeger模型预测了在一维周期晶格的边缘处可能出现零维的拓扑零能模,其能量本征值总是出现在能隙的正中间.本文以半导体微腔阵列中光子和激子在强耦合情况下形成的准粒子为例,通过准粒子的自旋轨道耦合与Zeeman效应,研究了时间反演对称性破缺对拓扑零能模的影响.发现拓扑零能模的能量本征值可以随着自旋轨道耦合强度的变化在整个带隙内移动,自旋相反的模式移动方向相反;在二维微腔阵列中发现了沿着晶格边缘移动的拓扑零能模,提出了一维零能模的概念.由于时间反演对称性的破缺,这种一维拓扑零能模解除了在相反传输方向上的能级的简并,从而在传输过程中出现极强的绕过障碍物的能力.     

The family of topological Hall effects for electrons in skyrmion crystals

Hall effects of electrons can be produced by an external magnetic field, spin–orbit coupling or a topologically non-trivial spin texture. The topological Hall effect (THE) – caused by the latter – is commonly observed in magnetic skyrmion crystals. Here, we show analogies of the THE to the conventional Hall effect (HE), the anomalous Hall effect (AHE), and the spin Hall effect (SHE). In the limit of strong coupling between conduction electron spins and the local magnetic texture the THE can be described by means of a fictitious, “emergent” magnetic field. In this sense the THE can be mapped onto the HE caused by an external magnetic field. Due to complete alignment of electron spin and magnetic texture, the transverse charge conductivity is linked to a transverse spin conductivity. They are disconnected for weak coupling of electron spin and magnetic texture; the THE is then related to the AHE. The topological equivalent to the SHE can be found in antiferromagnetic skyrmion crystals. We substantiate our claims by calculations of the edge states for a finite sample. These states reveal in which situation the topological analogue to a quantized HE, quantized AHE, and quantized SHE can be found.     

相互作用量子点系统中的场致自旋电流

从理论上研究了相互作用量子点在外部旋转磁场下的非平衡自旋输运性质，研究结果表明，量子点中的相干自旋振荡可以导致自旋电流的产生，当计入库仑关联相互作用后，近藤共振效应受外部进动磁场的影响很强，特别是当磁场的进动频率与塞曼能移满足共振条件时，每个自旋近藤峰就会劈裂为两个自旋共振峰的叠加，在低温强耦合区，这种近藤型共隧穿过程对自旋电流带来重要贡献。     

Spin current through a quantum dot in the presence of an oscillating magnetic field

Nonequilibrium spin transport through an interacting quantum dot is analyzed. The coherent spin oscillations in the dot provide a generating source for spin current. In the interacting regime, the Kondo effect is influenced in a significant way by the presence of the processing magnetic field. In particular, when the precession frequency is tuned to resonance between spin-up and spin-down states of the dot, Kondo singularity for each spin splits into a superposition of two resonance peaks. The Kondo-type cotunneling contribution is manifested by a large enhancement of the pumped spin current in the strong coupling low temperature regime.     

Prediction of ferromagnetic correlations in coupled double-level quantum dots

Numerical results for transport properties of two coupled double-level quantum dots (QDs) strongly suggest that under appropriate conditions the dots develop a novel ferromagnetic (FM) correlation at quarter filling (one electron per dot). In the strong coupling regime (Coulomb repulsion larger than electron hopping) and with interdot tunneling larger than tunneling to the leads, an S=1 Kondo resonance develops in the density of states, leading to a peak in the conductance. A qualitative "phase diagram," incorporating the new FM phase, is presented. In addition, the necessary conditions for the FM regime are less restrictive than naively believed, leading to its possible experimental observation in real QDs.     

Berry-phase blockade in single-molecule magnets

We formulate the problem of electron transport through a single-molecule magnet (SMM) in the Coulomb blockade regime taking into account topological interference effects for the tunneling of the large spin of a SMM. The interference originates from spin Berry phases associated with different tunneling paths. We show that, in the case of incoherent spin states, it is essential to place the SMM between oppositely spin-polarized source and drain leads in order to detect the spin tunneling in the stationary current, which exhibits topological zeros as a function of the transverse magnetic field.