单圈图的hyper-Wiener指标

令u（n）表示具有n个顶点的单圈图.在一个圈C3的一个顶点上悬挂n-3个悬挂边的n个顶点的单圈图记为U~＊（n-3,0,0）.本文证明了在u（n）中具有最小hyper-Wiener指数的单圈图是U~＊（n-3,0,0）.     

κ-强竞赛图中外弧泛5顶点的数目

称具有n≥3个顶点的强竞赛图T中的一条弧是泛κ的,如果对所有的κ≤l≤n来说,它属于每个l-圈.本文证明了每个s-强(s≥4)竞赛图至少包含s+2个顶点使得它们的所有外弧都是泛5的.     

笛卡尔乘积图的圈点连通度

图G的圈点连通度,记为κ_c(G),是所有圈点割中最小的数目,其中每个圈点割S满足G-S不连通且至少它的两个分支含圈.这篇文章中给出了两个连通图的笛卡尔乘积的圈点连通度:(1)如果G_1≌K_m且G_2≌K_n,则κ_c(G_1×G_2)=min{3m+n-6,m+3n-6},其中m+n≥8,m≥n+2,或n≥m+2,且κ_c(G_1×G_2)=2m+2n-8,其中m+n≥8,m=n,或n=m+1,或m=n+11;(2)如果G_1≌K_m(m≥3)且G_2■K_n,则min{3m+κ(G_2)-4,m+3κ(G_2)-3,2m+2κ(G_2)-4}≤κ_c(G_1×G_2)≤mκ(G2);(3)如果G_1■K_m,K_(1,m-1)且G_2■K_n,K_(1,n-1),其中m≥4,n≥4,则min{3κ(G_1)+κ(G_2)-1,κ(G_1)+3κ(G_2)-1,2_κ(G_1)+2_κ(G_2)-2}≤κ_c(G_1×G_2)≤min{mκ(G_2),nκ(G_1),2m+2n-8}.     

两类网络的2-限制连通度

给定图G=(V,E)和非负整数h,图G的h-限制点割S是V(G)的一个子集(如果存在)使得G-S不连通且G-S中任一点的度数至少为h.图G的h-限制连通度κ~h(G)是G的最小h-限制点割的阶数.本文中,我们证明了κ~2(FCQ_n)=4n-4 (n≥8),κ~2(SQn)=4n-8(n≥4),其中FCQ_n和SQ_n分别是n维折叠交叉超立方体和n维spined cube.     

非负对称符号模式的惯量集(英文)

For a symmetric sign pattern S1 the inertia set of S is defined to be the set of all ordered triples si（S） = {i（A） ： A = A^T ∈ Q（S）} Consider the n × n sign pattern Sn, where Sn is the pattern with zero entry （i,j） for 1 ≤ i = j ≤ n or｜i -j｜=n- 1 and positive entry otherwise. In this paper, it is proved that si（Sn） = {（n1, n2, n - n1 - n2）｜n1≥ 1 and n2 ≥ 2} for n ≥ 4.     

恰含两个圈的二部图的能量

设λ1,λ2,…,λn是n阶图G的特征值,图G的能量是E(G)=|λ1| |λ2| … |λn|,设G(n)是n个顶点n 1条边的恰有两个圈的连通二部图的集合,Z(n;4,4)是G(n)中的一个图,它的两个长为4的圈恰有一个公共点,其余n-7个点都是悬挂点且均与这个公共点相邻．文中证明了Z(n;4,4)是G(n)中具有最小能量的图。     

标准多重二部图中点不交的重4圈

若多重二部图中不同划分的任意一对点之间至多包含两条边,则称其为标准多重二部图.令D是一个标准多重二部图,使得|V_1|=|V_2|=n≥2,其中n是正整数.我们证明了若D的最小度至少是3/2n,则D一定包含■个点不交的4圈,并且当n为奇数时,上述■个4圈中的前n-3/2中的每条边都是重边,剩余的一个4圈中至少有3条边是重边;当n为偶数时,前n-4/2个4圈的每条边都是重边:剩余的两个4圈中每个至少有3条边是重边,除非有一个例外.     

直径为d的n阶树的谱半径

二分图的特征值在量子化学中有意义，因此研究其图论性质和其特征值间的关系是有背景的，设Pd＋1（[d＋2/2],n-d-1,Pd＋1（[d＋4/2],n-d-1）分别为路Pd＋1的第[d＋2/2]和第[d＋4/2]个顶点上接出n-d-1条悬挂边所得到的树，本文证明了：若把所有直径为d（d≥1）的n阶树按其最大特征值从大到小的顺序排列，则排在前两位的依次是Pd＋1（[d＋2/2],n-d-1,Pd＋1（[d＋4/2],n-d-1） 。     

星样树与路的笛卡尔积图的任意可分性（英文）

一个图G称为是任意可分的(简记AP),如果对于正整数|V(G)|的任一满足∑_(i=1)~pn_i=|V(G)|的划分τ=(n_1,n_2,…,n_p),总是存在顶点集V的一个划分(V_1,V_2,…,V_p)满足|V_i|=n_i,i=1,2,…,p,使得每个V_i导出的图是图G的一个连通子图.记S(a_1,a_2,…,a_t,b_1,b_2,…,b_l)是最大度△(S)=t+l的星样树,其中a_i是奇数,b_j是偶数且a_1≤a_2≤…≤a_t,b_1≤b_2≤…≤b_l.我们证明了对于一个大于等于2的偶数n,当△(S)≤n+1时,如果t≤2,或t≥3且a_3 1,则笛卡尔积图S□P_n是AP的.对于一个大于2的奇数n,如果△(S)≤n+1且t≤2,则S□P_n是AP的;如果△(S)≤n+1且t≥3,则S□P_n不是AP的.     

一类含有奇数个顶点的三色有向图本原指数上界

一个三色有向图D是本原的,当且仅当存在非负整数h、k和v,且h+k+v0,使得D中的每一对顶点(i,j)都存在从i到j的(h,k,v)-途径,h+k+v的最小值定义为三色有向图D的本原指数.研究了一类三色有向图,它的未着色图中包含2佗-4个顶点,一个n-圈、一个(n-2)-圈和一个2-圈,给出了本原指数上界.     

给定阶与边独立数的树和单圈图的Laplacian矩阵的最大特征值

得到了给定顶点数和边独立数的树与单圈图的Laplacian矩阵的最大特征值的精确上界，并且给出了达到上界的所有极图．     

单圈图的Laplace矩阵的最大特征值

利用阶数给出了单圈图的Laplace矩阵的最大特征值的第一,第二,第三,第四大值及最小值,并刻划达到上,下界的极图。     

The signless Laplacian spectral radius of graphs with given degree sequences

In this paper, we investigate the properties of the largest signless Laplacian spectral radius in the set of all simple connected graphs with a given degree sequence. These results are used to characterize the unicyclic graphs that have the largest signless Laplacian spectral radius for a given unicyclic graphic degree sequence. Moreover, all extremal unicyclic graphs having the largest signless Laplacian spectral radius are obtained in the sets of all unicyclic graphs of order n with a specified number of leaves or maximum degree or independence number or matching number.     

A graphical characterization of the largest chain graphs

The paper presents a graphical characterization of the largest chain graphs which serve as unique representatives of classes of Markov equivalent chain graphs. The characterization is a basis for an algorithm constructing, for a given chain graph, the largest chain graph equivalent to it. The algorithm was used to generate a catalog of the largest chain graphs with at most five vertices. Every item of the catalog contains the largest chain graph of a class of Markov equivalent chain graphs and an economical record of the induced independency model.     

双圈图的Laplace矩阵的谱半径

利用奇异点对的分类,得到了n阶双圈图的Laplace矩阵的谱半径的第二至第八大值,并且刻划了达到这些上界的极图.     

Some notes on graphs whose second largest eigenvalue is less than (√5-1)/2

It is well known in spectral graph theory that all (connected) graphs except complete graphs and complete multi-partite graphs have second largest eigenvalue greater than 0. Graphs whose second larges eigenvalue does not exceed 1/3 are characterized in [2]. Some characterizations of graphs whose second largest eigenvalue does not exceed (√5-1)/2 are given in [9]. In this paper we prove that graphs whose second largest eigenvalue is less than (√5-1)/2 can be characterized by a finite collection of forbidden (induced) subgraphs.     

Graphs with three distinct eigenvalues and largest eigenvalue less than 8

In this paper we consider graphs with three distinct eigenvalues and, we characterize those with the largest eigenvalue less than 8. We also prove a simple result which gives an upper bound on the number of vertices of graphs with a given number of distinct eigenvalues in terms of the largest eigenvalue.     

The signless Laplacian spectral radius of bicyclic graphs with prescribed degree sequences

In this paper, we characterize all extremal connected bicyclic graphs with the largest signless Laplacian spectral radius in the set of all connected bicyclic graphs with prescribed degree sequences. Moreover, the signless Laplacian majorization theorem is proved to be true for connected bicyclic graphs. As corollaries, all extremal connected bicyclic graphs having the largest signless Laplacian spectral radius are obtained in the set of all connected bicyclic graphs of order n (resp. all connected bicyclic graphs with a specified number of pendant vertices, and all connected bicyclic graphs with given maximum degree).     

The largest Wiener index of unicyclic graphs given girth or maximum degree

The Wiener index of a connected graph G is defined to be the sum of all distances of pairs of distinct vertices of G. Yu and Feng (Ars Comb 94:361–369, 2010) determined the unique graph having the largest Wiener index among all unicyclic graphs given girth. In the article we first give two new graphic transformations. Then with them we determine the graphs having the second largest Wiener index among all unicyclic graphs given girth and we also determine the graphs having the largest Wiener index among all unicyclic graphs given maximum degree.     

Spectral properties of Pascal graphs

We obtain spectral properties of the Pascal graphs by exploring its spectral graph invariants such as the algebraic connectivity, the first three largest Laplacian eigenvalues and the nullity. Some open problems pertaining to the Pascal graphs are given.