血清免疫球蛋白水平与儿童水平血压的关系

为了解原发性高血压与机体免疫状态改变之间的因果关系，本研究应用了单向免疫扩散法对５７名血压偏高儿童（血压持续高于其年龄标准的第９０百分位数）及５８名血压正常儿童的血清ＩｇＧ，ＩｇＡ和ＩｇＭ水平进行了比较，结果显示，两组儿童的三种免疫球蛋白水平均无显差异。提出在高血压病早期并不存在血清免疫球蛋白的改变，故认为血清免疫球蛋白不适于作为原发性高血压的早期识别指标。     

天津市3～6岁儿童血压状况调查

[目的]探讨天津市3～6岁儿童血压水平，高血压检出率及主要影响因素，对血压高于正常儿童进行早期干预，更好地控制成年人原发性高血压病，提高儿童健康水平。[方法]采用整群抽样的方法，在全市18个区县共抽取15940名3～6岁儿童（男8337人，女7603人），进行问卷调查并测量血压、身高、体重、头围、胸围等发育指标。血压值位于同性别、同年龄儿童血压值P10～P91，为临界高血压；超过P95，为血压高于正常。[结果]天津市3～6岁儿童高血压检出率为9．4％（男童8．6％，女童10．2％），临界高血压检出率为7．3％（男童8．2％，女童6．4%），其中，肥胖儿童高血压检出率为13．8％，明显高于正常儿童;男女童的收缩压和舒张压均值随年龄增长而增高，各年龄组间差异均有显著性，男女性别间差异亦有显著性，男童收缩压和舒张压均高于同年龄组女童，城区组男女童的收缩压和舒张压均明显高于农村组同性别年龄组儿童。[结论]应将儿童血压测定列为儿童常规体检内容，及早发现血压偏高儿童，连续监测、实施干预是降低成人原发性高血压的重要措施。     

儿童少年血压与身体成分测量指标的关系

儿童少年时期的血压分布表现为随年龄呈上升趋势和有性别差异。尽管原发性高血压在儿蜇少年时期是不常见的．但原发性高血压产生的前提条件可能与早期存在的血压与正常值的微小偏离．且这种偏离随年龄增长而加大有关。身体成分界影响儿童少年血压的诸因素之一。国内有报道，体重、体重指数、身高等对血压的影响．但脂肪、瘦体重对血压的影响尚未见报道。本文采用二元线性相关分析法研究了身体成分测量指标对中小学生收缩压的影响，现报道如下。且对象与方法是．且对象呼和浩特市汉族7～比岁中小学生3597名，男生1800名，女生1797名。豆．2方…     

徐州市1 003例3～12岁儿童血压状况及相关因素分析

高血压是导致心血管疾病的危险因素.现代医学认为:成人原发性高血压可能始于儿童期,是遗传与环境因素相互作用的结果.研究儿童血压的发展规律,对于高血压易患者的早期识别及干预、对预防成人高血压有重要意义.为此,我们对1003名3～12岁儿童进行了血压测量及相关因素调查分析.     

丽江市纳西族3～6岁儿童血压调查分析

目的：探讨丽江市纳西族3～6岁儿童血压水平、高血压患病率及相关因素分布特点，提高儿童保健质量。方法：采用分层整群抽样法．抽取城乡纳西族837名3～6岁健康儿童进行血压测定。结果：5．26％收缩压偏高，4．06％舒张压偏高。结论：认为将儿童血压测定列为儿童常规体检内容．及早发现血压偏高者，并对易患儿童血压连续监测，及早干预是有效降低成人原发性高血压的重要措施。     

宝山月浦镇儿童高血压调查及相关因素分析

国内外越来越多的资料表明，成人原发性高血压源于儿童时期，因此，高血压的防治应从儿童时期开始。研究影响儿童高血压的有关因素，对高血压易患者早期识别及干预，对预防成人高血压有重要意义。本文分析研究了目前比较公认的成人血压的影响因素对儿童的影响。一、对象与方法1．对象1996年10月对地处宝钢地区的月浦镇2所小学校中7～12岁健康学生936人进行群体血压调查，并选其中98名肥胖儿童，采取随机抽样的方法，抽取7～12岁肥胖儿童55名，再按同班级、同性别、同年龄（相差＜6个月）、身高相近（相差＜scm），而体重正常的儿童进行1：1…     

儿童血压和高血压的研究

<正> 儿童少年血压是反映其心血管系统的发育及其机能状况的一项基本指标。当今已有许多研究提示,成人原发性高血压起始于儿童时期。因此,早期观察儿童的血压水平,不仅能提供病因学方面的知识,而且能在有害的继发症发生之前就对高血压进行预防。据世界卫生组织科研小组报告:高血压是一种流行     

儿童高血压早期识别因子的探讨

作者于1987～1989年对武汉市1078名7～14岁儿童作了血压、脉率、身高、体重、胸围、皮脂厚度的追踪观察及高血压家族史调查;采用实验对照法,对高血压及正常血压儿童各48名作了血脂及血清离子浓度测定。结果表明:高血压组的高密度脂蛋白显著低于对照组,而血清总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白、极低密度脂蛋白两组无显著差异;高血压组的血清钠浓度明显高于对照组,而钙、镁浓度显著较低,钾、锌、铜离子浓度无显著性差异。多因素逐步回归分析结果显示:高密度脂蛋白、初测血压水平及高血压家族史是预测儿童未来血压的重要因子。     

济南市6～13岁儿童高血压患病率及影响因素

目的了解济南市城乡儿童血压水平及高血压患病率,探讨儿童原发性高血压的影响因素。方法采用整群随机抽样方法,对济南市区和农村6-13岁儿童进行血压测量及相关因素调查。结果调查6 278名儿童,其中男童4 396名,女童1 882名。检出高血压191例,患病率3.04%。肥胖儿童141例,肥胖率2.24%;超重336例,超重率5.35%。男女儿童血压均呈随年龄增长而升高的趋势,不同性别间差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;肥胖儿童、超重儿童与体重正常儿童的高血压患病率差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）,高血压患病率与儿童肥胖呈正相关。城市儿童高血压患病率3.17%,高于农村2.76%（P〈0.05）。结论肥胖对血压的影响在儿童期即己开始,控制和降低体重可减少儿童高血压的发生。     

儿童期血压偏高危险因素的干预研究

为了解早期干预对于儿童血压及血脂水平的影响,对70名8～11岁血压偏高的儿童进行了为期一年的生活习惯干预。结果表明:生活习惯干预能显著降低血压偏高儿童的血压及血清总胆固醇水平。从而提示:加强儿童期血压偏高危险因素的监测与干预是十分必要的。     

SARS患者血清免疫球蛋白、补体含量的变化及结果分析

目的测定传染性非典型肺炎(SARS)患者血清中免疫球蛋白IgA、IgG、IgM与补体C3、C4含量的变化,探讨SARS病毒感染和机体体液免疫状态的关系.方法采用免疫比浊法检测42例SARS患者血清中IgA、IgG、IgM与补体C3、C4含量.结果SARS患者血清中IgA、IgG及C3较正常对照组及无感染组均明显降低,其差别具有显著性(P＜0.05).恢复期IgA、IgM、C3含量增高,其他指标降低,IgA指标治疗前后有显著性差异(P＜0.05).结论感染SARS病毒后机体免疫力低下,SARS发病后可能导致体液免疫抑制;两者存在一定的关系,但病毒感染如何抑制免疫功能尚有待进一步研究.     

Milk immunoglobulins and complement factors

The importance of colostrum for the growth and health of newborn offspring is well known. In bovine colostrum, the antibody (immunoglobulin) complement system provides a major antimicrobial effect against a wide range of microbes and confers passive immunity until the calf's own immune system has matured. Bovine serum and lacteal secretions contain three major classes of immunoglobulins: IgG, IgM and IgA. The immunoglobulins are selectively transported from the serum into the mammary gland, as a result of which the first colostrum contains very high concentrations of immunoglobulins (40-200 mg/ml). IgG1 accounts for over 75 % of the immunoglobulins in colostral whey, followed by IgM, IgA and IgG2. All these immunoglobulins decrease within a few days to a total immunoglobulin concentration of 0.7-1.0 mg/ml, with IgG1 representing the major Ig class in milk throughout the lactation period. Together with the antibodies absorbed from colostrum after birth, the complement system plays a crucial role in the passive immunisation of the newborn calf. The occurrence of haemolytic or bactericidal complement activity in bovine colostrum and milk has been demonstrated in several studies. This review deals with the characteristics of bovine Igs and the complement system to be exploited as potential ingredients for health-promoting functional foods.     

空气污染对儿童血清免疫球蛋白水平的影响

目的：探讨空气污染对儿童免疫功能的影响。方法：随机选择不同大气污染区以及不同生活居住条件下6－8岁儿童共87名作为研究对象，采用酶联免疫法检测其血清免疫球蛋白含量。结果：儿童血清免疫球蛋白含量与性别无关，不同污染区儿童血清IgA,IgM,IgG含量差异显著。结论：通过对大气污染和家庭所用燃料两因素进行比较分析，发现大气污染是影响免疫球蛋白水平的最主要因素。     

婴幼儿巨细胞病毒感染器官损害与基因型

目的了解婴幼儿人巨细胞病毒（HCMV）感染时，母婴血清抗体不同表型与其肝损伤和致畸的关系，并检测其糖膜蛋白B基因型。方法选择2009年1月-2010年12月某院收治的337例血清HCMV IgG抗体阳性，尿液HCMV DNA定量＞500 copies/mL的HCMV感染患儿，同时检测其母亲血清HCMV IgG抗体。采用酶联免疫捕获法检测血清HCMV抗体；荧光定量聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测HCMV DNA；人胚肺成纤维细胞（HEL）进行HCMV病毒分离；巢式PCR、限制性片段长度多态性(RFLP)分析技术进行HCMV临床分离株糖膜蛋白B基因型检测。结果在337例HCMV感染患儿中，124例血清抗体表型为HCMV IgM(+)IgG(+)，其母亲血清抗体表型HCMV IgG(-)组患儿肝功能异常与致畸率分别为86.42%和40.74%,显著高于母亲IgG(+)组的65.12%和34.88%（均P＜0.01）；213例患儿血清抗体表型为HCMV IgM(-)IgG(+)，其母亲血清抗体表型HCMV IgG(+)与IgG(-)两组比较，患儿肝功能异常率（53.85% vs 66.89%）差异无显著性（P＞0.05），而致畸率母亲IgG(-)组（28.38%）显著高于IgG(+)组（23.08%）（P＜0.05）。HCMV IgG（+），尿液HCMV DNA≥104 copies/mL患儿的尿标本中病毒分离阳性率为50.00%（31/62）。随机抽取8株HCMV临床分离株（来源患儿中7例有肝脑损害），检测糖膜蛋白B基因，均为gB1型，与标准株AD169株、TOWNE株的DNA序列相似性分别达94.8%和97.0%。8株HCMV的DNA序列同源性达98.5%；氨基酸序列同源性高达99.4%。结论母亲为HCMV IgG阳性的患儿肝功能异常和致畸率比母亲为HCMV IgG阴性的患儿低。HCMV DNA≥104copies/mL婴幼儿可预示症状性HCMV感染。gB1型可能是导致婴幼儿肝脑损害的主要基因型。     

Intestinal immune function is unaffected by parenteral nutrition in man.

Animal studies have demonstrated intestinal immunoglobulin production is decreased when luminal nutrition is withheld and nutrition is provided solely on the basis of total parenteral nutrition (TPN).

Eight normal volunteers were hospitalized in the Clinical Research Center for three weeks. The subjects received TPN as an exclusive means of nutritional support for 14 days followed by 5 days of enteral feeding with either standard or a glutamine- and arginine-supplemented formula in which the protein source was primarily free amino acids and peptides. Endoscopic jejunal biopsies obtained before and after TPN and following enteral refeeding were evaluated by immunofluorescence for the number of IgA, IgM and IgG-producing cells; T and B cells as well as intraepithelial and lamina propria lymphocytes were also counted. Serum immunoglobulins and the molecular forms of serum IgA were determined at the same intervals.

The number of intestinal IgA-, IgM- and IgG-producing cells was unaffected by TPN (676 +/? 58 vs. 643 +/? 38, 101 +/? 14 vs. 98 +/? 18, 10 +/? 1 vs. 11 +/? 2 per low power field). The total number of intestinal lymphocytes, and CD3+ lymphocytes in the intraepithelial area was unaffected by TPN (10.4 +/? 0.4 vs. 10.2 +/? 1.3, 7.3 +/? 0.8 vs. 8.6 +/? 1.6 per 100 epithelial cells). Similarly, the total number of lymphocytes and CD3+ lymphocytes in the intestinal lamina propria was unaffected by TPN (4.4 +/? 0.2 vs. 6.2 +/? 0.8, 3.3 +/? 0.7 vs. 4.5 +/? 0.8). A small, but statistically significant increase in serum IgA and IgM was seen with TPN 314 +/? 11 vs. 342 +/? 16 mg/dL and 154 +/? 25 vs. 226 +/? 47 mg/dL, although IgG remained unchanged (1262 +/? 69 vs. 1207 +/? 57 mg/dL). The proportion of polymeric and monomeric serum IgA remained unchanged after TPN (19.2 vs. 22.1% polymeric).

The use of TPN is not associated with intestinal immune dysfunction in man. A small, but statistically significant increase in serum IgM, and a borderline statistically significant increase in serum IgM were associated with TPN. The etiology and clinical significance of these observations is unclear.     

Frequency of detection of immunoglobulins of Toxoplasma gondii, Leptospira spp., and Brucella abortus in livestock/farm and abattoir workers in Trinidad

Toxoplasma gondi, Leptospira spp., and Brucella abortus are all established parasitic and bacterial zoonoses that manifest themselves in several forms of human diseases. They have been associated with occupational exposures, particularly amongst workers associated with livestock farms. The primary objectives of this study were to determine the seroprevalence of T. gondii immunoglobulin M (IgM) immunoglobulins (serum antibodies), Leptospira IgM immunoglobulins, and B. abortus IgG immunoglobulins, suggestive of acute or chronic infections, in livestock/farm and abattoir workers in Trinidad, and to relate to risk factors. Blood samples were collected from 394 consenting livestock/farm workers and 99 abattoir workers across the island of Trinidad. Serological status was determined by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for T. gondii IgM, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for Leptospira IgM immunoglobulins, and buffered plate agglutination test (BPAT) and competitive ELISA for B. abortus IgG immunoglobulins. Of 394 apparently healthy livestock/farm workers sampled, 150 (38.1%) were seropositive for T. gondii IgM immunoglobulins, compared with 44 (44.4%) of 99 abattoir workers (p > .05; χ(2) test). Five (1.3%) of 371 and 1 (1.0%) of 99 livestock/farm and abattoir workers respectively were positive for Leptospira IgM immunoglobulins. All samples from livestock/farm workers and abattoir workers were negative for B. abortus immunoglobulins. None of the risk factors investigated was statistically significantly (p > .05; χ(2) test) associated with T. gondii and Leptospira spp. infections.     

慢性重型乙型病毒性肝炎免疫学指标的检测及临床意义

目的:探讨外周血淋巴细胞亚群、血清免疫球蛋白及补体检测在慢性重型乙型病毒性肝炎(以下简称慢重肝)中的价值。方法:利用流式细胞术和免疫透射比浊法对慢重肝患者及其它HBV感染性肝病患者的外周血淋巴细胞亚群、血清免疫球蛋白及补体C3、C4进行检测,并以健康成年人为对照组,对检测结果进行统计学分析;同时对慢重肝患者分成生存组和死亡组,比较两组血清免疫球蛋白及补体C3、C4的血清水平差异。结果:慢重肝患者外周血CD19+、NK细胞计数在各组中结果最低,CD3+、CD4+、CD8+比肝硬化组略高外,均比其它组低;慢重肝患者IgG在各组中结果最高、C3、C4最低,IgA除了比肝硬化组略低外,均比其它组高;血清补体C3预测慢重肝预后ROC曲线下面积(AUC)为0.705。结论:慢重肝患者存在明显细胞免疫和体液免疫功能的紊乱,免疫学指标的检测对发病机理的研究、治疗及预后的判断均有一定的临床意义。     

血清免疫球蛋白水平变化在乙型肝炎诊治中的临床应用

目的通过对血清免疫球蛋白含量的不同变化,分析相应的乙型肝炎临床诊治的手段。方法将患有乙型肝炎的患者分为急性组和慢性组,测量血清免疫球蛋白IgG、IgA、IgM的含量。结果急性乙型肝炎患者及慢性乙型肝炎患者血清免疫球蛋白中的IgG、IgA、IgM等含量明显升高。结论血清IgG、IgA、IgM的水平变化,可作为反映肝组织炎症损害程度的较为灵敏的指标,可用于判断乙型肝炎病情变化。     

IgA antibody response in acute rubella determined by solid-phase radioimmunoassay.

A solid-phase radioimmunoassay (RIA) for detecting rubella virus IgA serum antibodies was developed. Purified rubella virus grown in roller cultures of Vero cells was adsorbed onto polystyrene beads. The coated beads were then incubated with dilutions of serum, and rubella IgA antibodies which attached to the virus antigen on the solid-phase were subsequently detected with 125I-labelled anti-human-alpha antibodies. The specificity of the iodinated anti-human immunoglobulins was confirmed by RIA analysis of fractions obtained by chromatography of an early convalescent serum on an agarose column. A complete separation of IgM, IgA, and IgG was observed. A total of 144 serial serum specimens from 31 adult patients with an acute rubella infection were tested for rubella IgA antibodies, and the results were compared with the RIA IgG and IgM titres reported earlier from the same specimens. The RIA IgA response was detected in each of the 31 patients and the IgA antibodies appeared almost simultaneously with the IgG and IgM antibodies. The maximum titres, which were lower than the IgG and IgM titres, were reached in about 1 week after the onset of rash. In 6 patients out of 31 the IgA antibody response was transient and persisted approximately two months, while in the remaining 25 patients the IgA antibodies persisted throughout the study period of more than 5 months. The results obtained indicate that the presence of rubella IgA antibodies in serum is not an indication for a recent rubella infection.     

Immunological alterations in the lungs of mice following ozone exposure: changes in immunoglobulin levels and antibody-containing cells

Ozone was added to the air of the environmental chambers containing specific pathogen-free mice. At levels of 0.5 and 0.8 ppm the oxidant was seen to have inflammatory effects, as shown by rising serum albumin levels in lung lavage fluid. Fluorescein conjugated anti-heavy chain sera were used to detect cells containing IgM, IgG, and IgA in measured lung areas termed Pulmonary Units. Antigenic stimuli occurred along the airways, with significant increases of IgA-containing cells in the bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue. The numbers of IgM- and IgG-containing cells did not increase. Immunodiffusion analyses for immunoglobulins in lung lavage fluid indicated increases of IgG1, IgG2, and IgA in lung secretions. The calculation of changing Ig/Alb ratios suggested that the IgA present was largely the result of local synthesis, while IgG molecules were mainly of serum origin. Possible sources of antigenic stimuli to ozone-exposed lungs are discussed.