4-（methylnitrosamino）-l-（3-pyridyl） -1-butanone Induces Circulating MicroRNA Deregulation in Early Lung Carcinogenesis

Objective To study the alteration of circulating microRNAs in 4-（methylnitrosamino）-l-（3-pyridyl） -l-butanone （NNK）-induced early stage lung carcinogenesis. Methods A lung cancer model of male F344 rats was induced with systemic NNK and levels of 8 lung cancer-associated miRNAs in whole blood and serum of rats were measured by quantitative RT-PCR of each at weeks 2, 5, 20, and 20 following NNK treatment. Results No lung cancer was detected in control group and NNK treatment group at week 20 following NNK treatment. The levels of some circulating miRNAs were significantly higher in NNK treatment group than in control group. The miR-210 was down-regulated and the miR-206 was up-regulated in NNK treatment group. The expression level of circulating miRNAs changed from week 1 to week 20 following NNK treatment. Conclusion The expression level of circulating miRNAs is related to NNK-induced early stage lung carcinogenesis in rats and can therefore serve as its potential indicator.     

高温与香烟联合对大鼠胚胎的毒性和致畸作用

目的探讨高温与香烟联合的胚胎毒性和致畸作用。方法用高温（40℃、41℃、42℃、43℃）、香烟烟雾水溶物及其联合处理孕10d的大鼠,孕20d后按致畸实验方法观察其胚胎的死亡率、吸收率和畸胎率。结果持续3min的高温（42℃）与香烟联合,胚胎致畸率达70％以上,与单独高温组、单独给烟组有明显差异（P＜0．01）。结论高温与香烟联合可加强胚胎的致畸作用,并与温度、香烟浓度和高温持续时间明显相关,持续高温与香烟联合有明显的胚胎毒性和致畸作用。     

新型多酸化合物NCW-6的毒理学安全性评价

目的：评价具有抗病毒活性的多酸化合物NCW-6的安全性,阐明NCW-6的毒性及潜在的危险。方法：依据新药临床前毒理学评价方法进行NCW-6经口急性毒性实验和致畸敏感期实验。急性毒性实验中,将健康的昆明小鼠随机分为7组,每组10只,雌雄各半;给药剂量最低为4 000.00 mg•kg^-1、最高为6 000.00 mg•kg^-1,组距为400.00 mg•kg^-1;经口灌胃1次给药,观察给药后14 d小鼠的中毒表现,记录死亡数,用Bliss法计算半数致死剂量(LD_^50);致畸敏感期实验中,孕鼠随机分为5组,每组至少20只;给药组剂量分别为91.7、366.8和1 467.5 mg•kg^-1;阴性对照组给予5 mL•kg^-1蒸馏水,于受孕后第6～15天连续给药,每天灌胃1次;阳性对照组于妊娠第10天一次灌胃给予130 mg•kg^-1的维甲酸;各组孕鼠于孕期第20天颈椎脱臼处死,检查受孕情况,记录黄体数、活胎数、死胎数和吸收胎数等,做胎鼠一般外观检查（体质量、身长、尾长和外观有无异常）,取胎鼠雌雄各半行内脏形态检查和骨骼形态检查。结果：急性毒性实验,NCW-6的LD₅₀为5 869.9 mg•kg^-1,属于无毒化合物。致畸敏感期实验,3 个给药组孕鼠的体质量和增重与阴性对照组比较差异无统计学意义( P>0.05),各给药组胎鼠的平均体质量、身长、尾长以及平均胎质量、窝质量与阴性对照组比较差异无统计学意义( P>0.05),各给药组胎鼠外观、内脏畸形率、骨骼畸形率与阴性对照组比较差异无统计学意义( P>0.05)。结论：NCW-6属于无毒化合物,且对大鼠无致畸作用,具有深入研究开发的价值。     

五氧化二钒对NIH小鼠发育毒性的研究

There is no general agreement yet about the teratogenic effects or developmental toxicity of vanadium in animal studies. This is a report on developmental toxicity in NIH mice following injection of vanadium pentoxide (V2O5, 5 mg/kg body weight, i.p.) at different times of gestation (on days 1-5, 6-15, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 14-17 of gestation). No adverse effects of V2O5 on pre-implantation and implantation were noted, and neither were teratogenicity and premature birth. However, there was toxic effect on embryofetus. Increased frequency of resorption or fetal death on days 6-15, 7, 14-17 of gestation were observed. Delayed ossification of bones was noted on days 6-15, 8, 10, 14-17 of gestation. These results suggest that V2O5 may be a weak developmental toxicant but not a teratogen in NIH mice. In addition, this paper reports the developmental toxicity, especially teratogenicity of N, N'-methylene-bis (2-amino-1, 3, 4-thiadiazole) which was used as the positive control in NIH mice.     

GB的致畸胎试验

我们用wistar大鼠进行了GB的致畸胎试验。试验结果表明:未发现GB有明显的胚胎毒性和致畸胎作用。在胚胎死亡率和畸胎发生率方面,GB与阴性对照组比较,两者之间无显著性差异。提示GB不具有致畸胎作用。     

1,25-二羟维生素D_3对哮喘大鼠血清中Eotaxin及IL-8表达的影响

目的探索1,25-（OH）2D3对哮喘大鼠血清中Eotaxin及IL-8表达的影响。方法 50只Wistar大鼠随机分为正常对照组（N）、哮喘组（A）、1,25-（OH）2D3组（VD）、布地奈德组（B）及1,25-（OH）2D3＋布地奈德联合治疗组（L）,每组10只。用ELISA法检测血清中Eotaxin及IL-8的表达水平。结果 Eotaxin和IL-8的表达,A组较N组和治疗组明显增高;VD组较A组明显减低,明显高于N组、B组及L组;L组较A组、B组和VD组明显减低。结论哮喘急性发作时血清中Eotaxin及IL-8的表达水平显著增高,1,25-（OH）2D3有效抑制了哮喘时的Eotaxin和IL-8的表达水平,1,25-（OH）2D3与布地奈德联合治疗作用更为明显。     

维生素E对苯并[a]芘诱导雄性大鼠的生殖毒性的保护作用

目的：探讨维生素E(vitamin E,VE)对苯并[a]芘(Benzo(a)pryene,B[a]P)诱导的雄性大鼠的生殖毒性的保护作用及其机制。方法：将60只28 d龄70~90 g Sprague Dawley (SD)大鼠随机分为空白、溶剂对照组、B[a]P组(5 mg/kg)及低(10 mg/kg)、中(50 mg/kg)、高(100 mg/kg)剂量VE联合B[a]P处理组共6组,每组各10只;连续灌胃30 d并检测各组精子质量、睾丸组织中超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(glutathione peroxidase,GSH-Px)活性、8-羟基脱氧鸟苷(8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine,8-OHdG)和丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)的含量;HE染色观察睾丸形态,采用彗星实验测定细胞DNA损伤程度。结果：与对照组相比,B[a]P组精子计数明显降低、精子畸形率、8-OHdG及MDA含量明显升高,SOD和GSH-Px活性显著下降(P<0.05);VE联合组SD大鼠的睾丸组织损伤程度明显减轻;上述各项氧化应激和DNA损伤指标也均明显改善;且随着VE剂量的增加,保护效应呈现明显的剂量-反应关系,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论：VE对B[a]P诱导的SD雄性大鼠生殖损害具有保护作用。     

表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯对胃癌肿瘤血管生成的影响

目的 探讨表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(EGCG)对胃癌肿瘤血管生成的影响及其机制.方法 建立人胃腺癌BGC-823细胞裸鼠移植瘤模型,观察肿瘤生长及毒副作用.免疫组化染色测定CD31和血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)表达.结果 与对照组比较,EGCG明显抑制了肿瘤的生长,EGCG组的平均瘤重明显低于对照组(P<0.05),抑...