NxHy-Fe(x=0～2,y=0～3)配位簇的DFT计算

采用杂化密度泛函（DFT）之B3LYP/6-311G**方法研究了NxHy-Fe(x=0～2,y=0～3)配位簇的几何结构和振动光谱。讨论了在纯铁催化剂上,氮分子和氢分子逐步合成氨的反应机理。结果表明,合成氨过程可能经历N2和N2H2物种。在优化结构的基础上,计算了各个模型的振动频率并解释了有关实验结果。     

M_nP_m~+原子簇结构的ab initio从头算(M=Cr,Mn,n=1～3,m=2～12)

应用ahinitio计算程序，我们对飞行时间质谱产生的谱图进行了理论分析。稳定的MnnPm+和CrnPm+的结构基本上是多面体，仅有少数结构为环状和平面的。在计算中，我们尚未发现有链状的簇合物，这与风簇绝大多数是多面体是相一致的。因此，单枚金属簇合物的形成机制很大可能是金属进入磷形成的笼簇中。一般地说，除了磷的个别笼状团簇外，金属和磷相互成键是普遍存在的；在二核、多核金属磷簇合物中，金属间相互作用不常见，绝大多数是通过桥磷相连的。     

氧原子簇Oxy (x=2～6, y=-2～2)的结构、能学与光谱性质

在B3 LYP/6-311 G(d,p)水平上,对氧原子簇Oxy(x=2～6,y=-2～2)的结构、能学与光谱性质进行了量子化学从头计算,对3O2和2O2+的基态和激发态进行了CASSCF计算.结果表明,氧分子及其离子的体系总能量大小为＜O2+ (2Пg) ＜1O2 +2(1∑g+).活性的二重态氧分子负离子2O2-(2Пgi)在相对能量上只比三重态的中性氧分子3O2(3Σg-)高 28 kJ/mol.对于弯曲型(Structure-I)的臭氧分子(O3)及其离子,其体系总能量相对次序为2O3-(2B1) ＜1O3(1A1) ＜3O3(3B2) ＜1O3-2(1A1) ＜2O3+(2A1).氧四聚体(O4)及其离子的体系总能量相对大小为2O4-(C8弯曲型,2A′)＜2O4-(C2v面心三角型,2A2) ＜2O4-(D∞h直线型,2∑g)＜1O4(C8弯曲型,1A′)＜1O4(D∞h直线型,1∑g)＜1O4(D4h正方型,1A1g) ＜1O4(C2v面心三角型,1A1)＜2O4-(D4h正方型,1A1g)＜2O4+(D∞h直线型,2∑g)＜2O4+(C8弯曲型,1A′).相对能量最低的氧四聚体物种是呈椅形的带一个负电荷的负离子2O4-(C8弯曲型,2A′),其特征振动频率应出现在1179和1349cm-1.共面三角双锥型的1O5(C2v,1A1)相对能量最低,其与A字型(C2v,1A1)可能是共振构型,特征振动频率位于1302 cm-1.氧六聚体(O6)的六边型构型的相对能量较低,其振动频率的红外强度很弱,但从其对称性看,应具有较强的拉曼强度. 以B3LYP/6-311G(d,p)方法计算、并经0.9614因子校正的氧分子及其离子的O-O振动频率与实验值相当吻合.     

连续二氧化碳激光敏化氧化CF2HCL,CF2=CF2,CF2=CFCl,CHCl3,CHCl=CCl2和CH2=CH2

本文报道了连续二氧化碳激光敏化氧化CF_2HCl,CF_2==CF_2,CF_2==CFCL,CHCl_3,CHCl==CCl_2和CH_2==CH_2的反应,讨论了某些反应的机制。结果表明,激光敏化方法可以使不能直接吸收激光的反应物分子在气相中发生反应,并有可能产生卡宾。     

Sn_mO_n(m=1～3,n=1～2m)系列团簇的结构和电子性质

基于密度泛函理论(DFT)中的广义梯度近似(GGA)系统地研究了Snm On(m=1~3,n=1~2m)团簇的几何结构和电子性质.当m=n时,团簇的基态结构为Sn和O原子彼此相邻的环形结构,当nm时,团簇易于形成链状结构.研究发现:氧化锡团簇的物理和化学特性类似于氧化硅,主要表现为非金属性.对分裂途径、分裂能和能隙(HOMO-LUMO Gap)进行了研究,结果表明类氧化锡(Snm Om)、Sn2O3和Sn3O4团簇具有很好的稳定性,可以作为构建团簇聚合物材料的基本单元.而且,氧化锡团簇的稳定性主要与其组成成分和结构有关,与团簇大小无关.     

Li2O～SiO2～RE2O3(RE=Y,La,Nd)体系的锂快离子导体

快离子导体的组成决定了它的性能, 为提高离子电导率可在硅酸锂体系快离子导体中加入稀土元素等第三组分. 运用混料均匀设计方法, 在Li2O～SiO2～RE2O3 (RE=Y, La, Nd)三元体系中, 设计了一系列均匀试验点, 用高温固相法合成了快离子导体. 继而通过对实验数据的多元回归分析, 以离子电导率为评价标准, 找出三元体系中离子电导率最好的区域, 其中选取的验证点的实测值与预测值相当. 这说明均匀设计法可用于快离子导体研究. 实验中所得的快离子导体室温电导率最高为LSLa: 1.15×10-6 S·cm-1.     

Theoretical Studies on the Cu-Cu Interaction and Stability of [Cu_a(Ph_2Ppy)_b(CH_3CN)_c]~(a+) (a=1～2,b=1～3,c=0～2)

To study the Cu-Cu interaction and stability of the title complexes,the structures of complexes [Cu(Ph2Ppy)(CH3CN)]+ 1,[Cu(Ph2Ppy)]+ 2,[Cu2(Ph2Ppy)2(CH3CN)2]2+ 3,[Cu2(Ph2Ppy)2(CH3CN)]2+ 4,[Cu2(Ph2Ppy)2]2+ 5 and [Cu2(Ph2Ppy)3(CH3CN)]2+ 6 were calculated by density functional theory PBE0 method,and the following conclusions can be drawn:(1) There is no orbital overlapping between two Cu atoms,indicating no Cu-Cu orbital interaction exists in complexes 3～6.Due to a breakdown of the closed shell configuration of Cu atoms,the weak Cu-Cu interactions result from the 3dCu → 4sCu' charge-transfer in 4～6.The Cu-Cu interaction strength follows 5 6 4,implying that there are stronger Cu-Cu interactions in the complexes with fewer CH3CN or more Ph2Ppy ligands.(2) The calculated interaction energies suggest that the coordination of Cu to Ph2Ppy is stronger than that to CH3CN.In 3～6,there are weaker interactions between Cu and CH3CN or Ph2Ppy in the complexes with more CH3CN or Ph2Ppy ligands.(3) The P-Cu and N-Cu interactions are much stronger than the Cu-Cu interaction,so we mainly attribute the stabilities of the binuclear complexes to the eight-membered rings Cu2P2N2C2.     

Cyano-bridged Ln^3＋-Cr^3＋ Binuclear Complexes [Ln（L）x（H2O）y^- Cr（CN）6]·mL·nH2O （Ln=La-Nd,x=5, y=2, m=1 or 2, n=2 or 2.5; Ln-Sm-Dy,Er, x=4, y=3, m=0, n=1.5 or 2.0; L= 2-pyrrolidinone）： Structure,Magnetism and Spin Density Map

In order to shed light upon the nature and mechanism of 4f-3d magnetic exchange interactions, a series of binuclear complexes of lanthanide（3＋） and chromium（3＋） with the general formula [Ln（L）5（H2O）2Cr（CN）6]·mL· nH2O （Ln=La （1）, Ce （2）, Pr （3）, Nd （4）; x=5, y=2, m=1 or 2, n=2 or 2.5; L=2-pyrrolidinone） and [Ln（L）4（H2O）3Cr（CN）6] ·nH2O （Ln=Sm （5）, Eu （6）, Gd （7）, Tb （8）, Dy （9）, Er （10）; x=4, y=3, m=0, n= 1.5 or 2.0; L=2-pyrrolidinone） were prepared and the X-ray crystal structures of complexes 2, 6 and 7 were determined. All the compounds consist of a Ln-CN-Cr unit, in which Ln^3＋ in a square antiprism environment is bridged to an octahedral coordinated Cr^3＋ ion through a cyano group. The magnetic properties of the complexes 3 and 6-10 show an overall antiferromagnetic behavior. The fitting to the experimental magnetic susceptibilities of 7 give g= 1.98, J=0.40 cm^-1, zJ＇= -0.21 cm^-1 on the basis of a binuclear spin system （Scd=7/2, Scr=3/2）, revealing an intra-molecular Gd^3＋-Cr^3＋ ferromagnetic interaction and an inter-molecular antiferromagnetic interaction. For 7 the calculation of quantum chemical density functional theory （DFT）, combined with the broken symmetry approach, showed that the calculated spin coupling constant was 20.3 cm^-1, supporting the observation of weak ferromagnetic intra-molecular interaction in 7. The spin density distributions of 7 in both the high spin ground state and the broken symmetry state were obtained, and the spin coupling mechanism between Gd^3＋ and Cr^3＋ was discussed.     

用交叉分子束研究O(^3p)与CF2=CFCl,CF2=CFBr,CF2=CH2的反应

本文报道在交叉分子束装置中, 研究氧原子和CF2=CFCl, CF2=CFBr,CF2=CH2的反应。在O(^3p)和CF2=CFBr(或CF2=CFBr)反应中, 首次观察到反应生成的CF2(^3B1)的发射光谱, 而在O与CF2=CH2反应中, 用激光诱导荧光方法检测到CFH卡宾, 确定了在此反应中CFH卡宾的生成, 这一结果未见文献报道。并根据这些结果, 分析和讨论了在这些反应中, 生成CF2(^3B1)和CHF卡宾的机理。     

OCH=CHR（R=H,BH2,CN,F,OH,NH2）自由基结构和稳定性的…

用ＵＨＦ／４－３１Ｇ基组，全构型优化ＯＣＨ＝ＣＨＲ（Ｒ＝Ｈ，ＢＨ２，ＣＮ，Ｆ，ＯＨ，ＮＨ２）６个氧自由基的构型并研究其稳定性化能△Ｅ，以ＯＣＨ＝ＣＨ２自由基为参考标准，它们的○Ｅ分别为０．００，－７５．９７，１．１１，０．７６，２２．０６和４０．６５ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ，说明供电子基团ＯＨ和ＮＨ２对氧自由基起稳定化作用，ＢＨ２对氧自由基起去稳定化作用，而ＣＮ和Ｆ对氧自由基的稳定性影响不大。     

Ln～nMCo～nO～3n+1(Ln=Sm,GD; M=Sr,Ba; n=1,2)的合成、结构、电和磁性质研究

用固相反应法合成了三个新的交生相氧化物: S2SC2O7,G2SC2O7和Sm2BaCo2O7。它们均具有Sr3Ti2O7型的结构, 其中Sm2BaCo2O7属于正交晶系, 其他属于四方晶系。与LnSrCoO4相比, Ln2SrCo2O7(Ln=Sm, Gd)中CoO2平面上的Co-O键缩短, 电子离域化趋势增强, 导电能力提高。在300-1100K之间, 电阻率与温度关系表明, 五个氧化物均表现弱定域系统的特性。300-1100K之间的磁化率与温度关系表明, 在较低温度下, GdSrCoO4和Gd2SrCo2O7符合Curie-Weiss定律, 但前者的CoO2平面上的磁交换作用是反铁磁性的, 而后者是铁磁性的; 含Sm^3^+的三个氧化物表现出较为复杂的磁性质, 这可能与Sm^3^+离子磁性的复杂性有关。     

Synthesis,Crystal Structures,and Properties of (4,4'-Hbipy)2[Sn2(C2O4)3] and (4,4'-Hmbipy)[SnX2] (X = C2O42–, m = 2; X = Cl,m = 0; bipy = bipyridine)

Three new tin coordination compounds (4,4'-Hbipy)₂[Sn₂(C₂O₄)₃] ( 1 ), (4,4'-H₂bipy)[Sn(C₂O₄)₂] ( 2 ), and SnCl₂(4,4'-bipy) ( 3 ) were synthesized under hydro-(solvo-)thermal conditions and their crystal structures were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Compound 1 exhibits a ionic structure based on discrete [4,4'-Hbipy]⁺ cations and [Sn₂(C₂O₄)₃]^2– anions. These two units are linked via N–H ··· O hydrogen bonds to form a pseudo-one-dimensional zigzag hydrogen-bonded chain. In compound 2 , four-coordinate Sn atoms form monomeric tin dioxalato complexes, which are connected to the doubly protonated [4,4'-H₂bipy]²⁺ cations through N–H ··· O hydrogen bonded to give a one-dimensional zigzag hydrogen-bonded chain. Compound 3 forms a three-dimensional hydrogen-bonded network, in which ¹_∞[SnCl₂(4,4'-bipy)] linear chains are interconnected to each other by C–H ··· Cl hydrogen bonding. The solid-state UV/Vis/NIR diffuse reflectance spectroscopy shows that three compounds are broadband semiconductors. The thermogravimetric analysis evidences the thermal stability of the three compounds up to 175, 201, and 246 °C, respectively.     

Theoretical Investigations on the Structures and Properties of the Side-on Complexes B_2(N_2)_2 and Monocyclic B_n(N_2)_n~m (n=3～6,m=-1～+2)

The structures and energies of the side-on complexes B2(N2)2 and monocyclic Bn(N2)nm (n = 3～6,m = -1～+2) between N2 (1∑+g) and B (2P) have been investigated by the DFT-B3LYP and MP2 methods at the 6-311+G(2d) and aug-cc-pVTZ levels. The analyses of NICS (Nucleus Independent Chemical Shifts),NBO (nature bond orbital),AIM (atoms in molecules) and frontal orbitals have been used to reveal the origin of coordination bond between the π-electron donor N2 group and B atom,accompanied by the comparison with the end-on complexes. The results have indicated that the side-on coordination complexes can be formed due to the relative strong fluidity of the π-electrons,and the nature of the coordination bond has been exposed to be that the N2 group offers 1πu electron to the 2p orbital of boron. The coordinate energies of the side-on complexes are less than those of the end-on complexes. Furthermore,the aromaticity of side-on coordination complex is weaker than that of the corresponding end-on coordination complex.     

Ti-48Al-2M~1-2M~2(M~1=Nb,V;M~2=Mn,Cr,V)合金电子结构

用紧束缚能带计算方法(EHT)研究了标题多元合金的能带及电子结构。发现少量的多种元素在γ-TiAl中掺杂,对合金中电荷分布的影响,具有单种元素掺杂的叠加性;选择适当的合金元素就能达到多种掺杂的性能互补。多种元素掺杂能更有效地使成键电子云趋势于球形化,Peierls力均称为化,有利于增加γ-TiAl合金的塑性和变形性。     

Synthesis of molecular ferromagnetics [R3R′X]MCr(C2O4)3 (X = N,R = Bun,R′ = Prn,Et, Me; X = P,R = Ph,R′ = Bun; M = Mn,Fe, Co,Ni, Cu)

The synthesis, IR spectra, and the temperatures of the transition into a ferromagnetic state (T _c) of layered ferromagnetics [R₃RX[MCr(C₂O₄)₃ (M = Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, and Ni) with the [Ph₃BuP]⁺, [Bu₃RN]⁺ (R = Pr, Et, and Me) cations capable of subsequently changing the distances between metallooxalate layers have been considered. The temperatureT _c has been found to be independent of the size of the organic cation. It is believed that the determining factors in the transition to a ferromagnetic state are exchange interactions inside the metallooxalate layer.Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 9, pp. 2327–2330, September, 1996.     

双核钯配合物Pd2L2和Pd2L2X2(L=Me2PCH2PMe2;X=F,Cl,Br,I,H)的量子化学理论研究

采用 ab initio HF,MP2方法和密度泛函理论方法,对Pd(0),Pd(Ⅰ)双核配合物Pd2L2和Pd2L2X2(L=Me2PCH2PMe2;X=F,Cl,Br,I,H)的儿何结构和电子结构进行了研究.研究表明Pd2L2中Pd原子间的相互作用丰要来自电子相关效应,Pd2L2X2中Pd原子问的相互作用则主要来自d轨道的成键作用.MP2方法和局域泛函Xa方法能对两类配合物的几何结构给予准确的描述.在Pd2L2中,Pd原子的4d电了组成一一对应的成键、反键轨道,轨道作用相互抵消使Pd原子间仅存在微弱的相互作用.x原子与Pd2L2的作用使Pd-Pd反键轨道电子占据数减少,成键作用加强.两类配合物的Pd-Pd键长与NAO键级之间存在很好的线性关系.还对Pd2L2和Pd2L2X2的低占据电子激发态进行了含时密度泛函理论计算,分析不同配合物的电子跃迁特征,并就卤素配体对Pd2L2X2光谱性质的影响进行了讨论.     

CH_2=CH(XM)(X=S,Se,Te;M=H,Li,Na,K,Rb,Cs,-)的从头算研究

应用相对论有效势在ＭＰ２水平上对ＣＨ２ＣＨ（ＸＭ）（Ｘ＝Ｓ，Ｓｅ，Ｔｅ；Ｍ＝Ｈ，Ｌｉ，Ｎａ，Ｋ，Ｒｂ，Ｃｓ，－）进行了从头计算研究．结果表明，所研究的化合物都有平面式和非平面桥式两种构型．分析了碱金属离子对两可亲核底物ＣＨ２ＣＨＸ－（Ｘ＝Ｓ，Ｓｅ，Ｔｅ）离域化的影响，并用自然布局分析方法（ＮＰＡ）研究了电荷分布的变化，得出了有价值的结论．     

[M(dap)3]2(Sb2Se5)·xH2O(M=Ni,x=2;M=Zn,x=0)的溶剂热合成及晶体结构

利用溶剂热法合成了2种新的有机杂化锑硒化合物[Ni(dap)3]2(Sb2Se5)].2H2O(1)和[Zn(dap)3]2(Sb2Se5)](2)(dap=1,2-丙二胺),单晶X射线衍射分析结果表明,1属于三方晶系,P3121空间群,晶胞参数为a=10.7574(14),b=10.7574(14),c=31.672(4),γ=120.00°,z=4。2属于单斜晶系,P21空间群,晶胞参数为a=10.772(2),b=16.391(3),c=11.704(2),β=100.912(4)°,z=4。在2种化合物中,Ni2 与Zn2 离子分别与3个dap配体螯合形成畸变八面体几何构型,其中dap配体的N原子是无序的,而二聚[Sb2Se5]2-阴离子是由2个SbSe3三角锥共用1个Se原子连接而成。