糠醛硫代糠酰腙铜(Ⅱ)、镍(Ⅱ)络合物的合成及其抑菌作用

本文介绍糠醛硫代糠酰腙铜(Ⅱ)、镍(Ⅱ)络合物的合成.在元素含量分析、摩尔电导测定、红外和紫外光谱解析基础上确证了两种络合物的组成和配位情况,测定了配体和络合物对两种真菌和一种细菌的抑制活性.     

5-邻氯苯基糠醛的合成及其某些反应的研究

在水-丙酮混合溶剂体系使邻氯苯基重氮盐与糠醛反应制得5-邻氯苯基糠醛(Ⅰ)。研究了醛(Ⅰ)与羟胺、高锰酸钾及环已酮的反应。所得产物中5-邻氯苯基糠醛肟(Ⅱ)和2,6-双(5-邻氯苯基-2-呋喃亚甲基)环已酮(Ⅳ)为新化合物,后者在174-183℃范围内呈现液晶态;它的红外和电子光谱也予以报导。     

憎水性ZIFs对糠醛和5-羟甲基糠醛的吸附分离性能

糠醛(furfural)和5-羟甲基糠醛(HMF)是重要的生物质平台化合物。针对低浓度生物质平台化合物的吸附分离,研究了典型沸石咪唑酯骨架(ZIFs)材料结构与糠醛和5-羟甲基糠醛吸附分离性能的关系。选择两种孔径不同但孔容接近的憎水ZIFs材料(6元环ZIF-8和8元环MAF-6)用于吸附分离糠醛和5-羟甲基糠醛,分别研究了静态吸附、吸附动力学、竞争吸附、动态穿透性能。实验结果表明:对于糠醛吸附量,ZIF-8(0.48 g/g)和MAF-6(0.52 g/g)接近;对于5-羟甲基糠醛吸附量,ZIF-8(0.39 g/g)和MAF-6(0.40 g/g)接近。对于吸附动力学,MAF-6对糠醛和5-羟甲基糠醛吸附在20 min达到平衡,而ZIF-8在6 h以上才能达到平衡。进一步的动态穿透结果显示:与ZIF-8相比,MAF-6对糠醛的动态吸附快速达到平衡;MAF-6对5-羟甲基糠醛动态吸附容量远大于ZIF-8.最后研究了ZIF-8和MAF-6对双组分糠醛/5-羟甲基糠醛的吸附分离性能,结果显示,ZIF-8分离糠醛/5-羟甲基糠醛受动力学控制;而MAF-6分离糖醛/5-羟甲基糖醛是由热力学控制。     

5—芳基糠醛及其衍生物的合成

本文用芳基重氮盐与糠醛反应,合成了5—(对乙酰基苯基)糠醛(Ⅰ)和5—(邻羧基苯基)糠醛(Ⅹ)以及它们的衍生物,并研究了(Ⅰ)和(Ⅹ)的氧化反应。将(Ⅰ)和(Ⅹ)用H_2O_2、溴水、高锰酸钾碱性液氧化,分别得到(Ⅶ)、(Ⅷ)、(Ⅸ)和(ⅩⅥ)、(ⅩⅦ)、(ⅩⅧ)。     

利用SERS技术和DFT计算方法对糠醛分子的振动光谱研究

从实验上测量了糠醛分子(Fu)的正常拉曼谱(NRS),同时又运用了密度泛函理论(DFT)计算了糠醛分子的振动光谱,计算时采用了B3LYP混合泛函和6-31G基函数组,理论计算结果很好地符合了实验测量结果。还报告了糠醛分子在固态银纳米颗粒表面的表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)光谱,最后对糠醛分子在银纳米粒子表面上的可能吸附状态进行了讨论。     

糠醛初馏塔的研究

糠醛是利用农林产品的废料生产的一种有机化工原料。目前我国生产糠醛的主要原料是玉米芯,其次是棉籽壳、油茶壳和甘蔗渣。原料经过水解反应后,其反应产物(通称醛气)再经中和、冷凝,得水解液。它的主要成份是水与糠醛,其中水的含量达92％(重)以上。此外,水解液中还含有多种杂质,有以甲醇为代表的轻组份和以甲基糠醛为代表的重组份,但含量极少。以玉米芯做原料为例,轻组份的含量仅0.3～0.4％(重)左右。由于水     

固体酸催化剂SO42-/TiO2催化木糖脱水制备糠醛的新方法

探索了以固体超强酸SO42 -/TiO2为催化剂,催化木糖脱水环化制备糠醛的新方法.以TiCl4乙醇溶液(体积比1∶1)作为钛源、以浓氨水作为沉淀剂制备二氧化钛,硫酸溶液作为浸渍液,制备了SO42 -/TiO2固体超强酸.采用二溴化法(溴酸钠-溴化钠)对糠醛产量进行分析,研究了反应条件和催化剂制备过程中硫酸浸渍液浓度、焙烧温度等对糠醛产率的影响.结果表明,使用固体超强酸作催化剂,在最佳条件下,糠醛产率达到42.6％,而同样条件下用硫酸作催化剂糖醛产率只有15.6％.     

糠醛加氢制糠醇催化反应的研究

本文研究了常压下糠醛在催化剂(Cu-Si)存在下转化为糠醇的催化加氢作用,确定了催化剂适宜配料比和高活性催化剂的制备方法。最佳催化剂糠醛处理量为300g/g(催),接近英国和法国同类催化剂,其糠醛处理量分别为310kg/kg(催)和340kg/kg(催)。同时考察了该催化加氢反应条件,确定了最佳工艺条件,并对这类催化体系的作用机理进行了初步探讨。     

分析矛盾 解决矛盾——常压连续化糠醛生产新工艺试验成功

糠醛生产是综合利用农林植物废料的重要途径之一。全省有数十家工厂(车间)利用棉籽壳、油茶壳、栲胶渣、甘蔗渣、玉米芯、谷壳等植物废料来生产糠醛,生产规模相当可观,并以糠醛为原料合成了农药、合成橡胶、合成树脂、合成纤维、合成药物、工程塑料、     

不同添加剂预处理核桃壳真空热裂解

采用自制热解反应器对不同添加剂预处理过的核桃壳进行真空热裂解研究,并利用气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GC-MS)对各热解油的组成进行分析表征.研究结果表明:不同添加剂预处理对热解各产物产率有较大影响,各种条件下的热解油都主要由苯酚、愈创木酚、紫丁香酚及其衍生物等酚类物质,1-羟基-2-丁酮、2(5H)-呋喃酮、3-甲基-1,2-环戊二酮等酮类物质,糠醛、5-甲基糠醛等呋喃类物质以及左旋葡萄糖、1,4∶3,6-二酐-α-d-吡喃葡萄糖等糖类物质组成;酸性条件(HCl,HNO3,H2SO4和ZnCl2)下预处理有利于糖类物质和糠醛的形成,而碱性条件(NaOH,Ca(OH)2和Na2CO3)则有利于酚类物质和酮类物质的形成.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.