热氧化安定性试验在空气压缩机油中的适用性研究

空气压缩机设备工作压力大、排气温度高,润滑油在此工作条件下极易氧化变质,产生积炭、油泥等氧化物,降低油品使用寿命,严重者将造成设备故障,甚至引发着火等安全问题,因此空气压缩机油的热氧化安定性十分重要。文章分析了目前常用的润滑油热氧化安定性试验方法,并通过测试研究了几种方法在空气压缩机油中的适用性,对于今后评价空气压缩机油的热氧化安定性具有一定的指导意义。     

发动机润滑油高温清净性能与其功能元素的关系

发动机润滑油中的不同添加剂可用不同功能元素来表征，通过研究功能元素与高温清净性能的关系。可以评价相应添加剂对发动机润滑油高温清净性能的影响。采用多元线性回归方法考察了不同功能元素对发动机润滑油高温清净性能的影响。结果表明，镁和钙元素所表征的添加剂地油品的高温清净性能影响较大，功能元素氮和磷影响较小，锌元素对发动机润滑油的高温清净性能基本没有影响。     

用TEOST试验仪器评定柴油机油高温清净性方法的研究

介绍利用TEOST试验装置模拟评定柴油机油高温清净性的试验方法,试验结果与高档柴油机油台架试验相关联,为添加剂和柴油机油的开发和产品设计提供技术支持。     

双燃料发动机专用油的开发及应用

柴油／天然气双燃料发动机是济柴研制开发的新型发动机,主要用于采油钻井。该发动机由于设计和实际工况的苛刻性对润滑油提出了特殊要求。通过实验室模拟评定、台架试验确定了双燃料发动机专用油的配方组成,在钻井队的实机对比试验证明,其使用性能满足大功率柴油／天然气双燃料发动机用油要求,且具有良好的抗氧性、抗磨性、高温清净分散性及碱保持性能,油耗量低,主要性能优于在用对比油,能显著延长发动机油使用寿命和设备保养周期。     

酯类基础油热氧化机理研究

选用新戊二醇二庚酸酯作为模型化合物,模拟酯类航空基础油高温条件下的热氧化、分解、聚合等过程。通过分子模拟计算模型化合物分子的各个键能,检测其氧化、裂解、聚合产物的组分,油品酸值、黏度等物化性能的变化,分析其氧化机理,对研究酯类润滑油的热氧化机理提供基础数据。     

均匀设计在内燃机油研制中的应用

应用均匀设计可以用较少的试验获得更多的信息，对分析添加剂间的相互作用及配方筛选用一定帮助。本文对均匀设计在内燃机油研制中的具体应用提出了一些建议。     

高压差示扫描量热法在润滑油热氧化研究中的应用

讲解了用高压差示扫描量热法评定润滑油热氧化安定性及抗氧剂效果的方法。     

二烷基二硫代氨基甲酸钼(MoDTC)在低黏度高级别发动机油中的应用

为了节省能源、提高燃料经济性以及满足环保需求,汽车发动机体积越发缩小,而承受载荷却不断增加。节能要求更多使用低黏度润滑油,可这会导致发动机润滑油膜变薄而使磨损加剧,因而对内燃机油的减摩抗磨性提出了更高要求。文章运用红外(IR)、高压液相色谱(HPLC)、热重天平(TGA)与差热分析(PDSC)对油溶性二烷基二硫代氨基甲酸钼(MoDTC-POUPC 1002)减摩抗磨剂进行了表征,并采用四球机、高温摩擦磨损试验机(SRV)以及微型牵引力试验机(MTM)对MoDTC添加剂以及含有MoDTC的SN 5W-30以及0W-16等发动机油进行润滑摩擦性能评定。结果表明含有0.5%～0.7%的MoDTC(含Mo约500～700 mg/kg)能明显提高油品抗磨减摩性能。即使在高温试验条件下,在边界润滑区和混合润滑区也能显著降低油品的摩擦系数,提供优异的抗磨保护。因此,该添加剂适合于作为低黏度高级别发动机油的减摩抗磨添加剂使用。     

国产SDY—Ⅰ型砂当量试验仪在工程中的应用

本文通过国产砂当量试验仪、冲洗液同法国产砂当量试验仪、冲洗液对比试验分析,表征两者之间有很好的相关性,国产SDY—Ⅰ型砂当量试验仪及冲洗液可替代进口设备。     

The Use of TEOST MHT-4 to Measure the Phosphorus Volatility of Engine Oils

Phosphorus is known to poison the exhaust gas catalysts used to control emissions in modem gasoline - fueled passenger car vehicles. Phosphorus volatility has been studied by others as a potential issue related to the compatibility of modem engine oils with exhaust gas catalysts using a modified version of the ASTM D5800 （Noack） test as well as the Sequence lllG engine test （ASTM D7320）. The level of phosphorus volatility in these tests has been shown to be strongly affected by the chemistry of the zinc dialkyldithiophosphate （ZDDP） used in the engine oil for- mulation. The TEOST MHT - 4 test （ASTM D7097） is a high temperature deposit test currently included in the IL- SAC GF - 4 specification. This bench test simulates the oxidation and deposit - forming characteristics of engine oils in the hot zones of modem high - performance engines and, therefore, was chosen by the author（s） as a tool to investigate differences in phosphorus volatility of modem engine oils. Our investigations demonstrate that the TEOST MHT - 4 test is capable of measuring phosphorus volatility of engine oils with very good discrimination and preci- sion; it may be considered for use in future ILSAC standards （e.g. GF- 5）.     

The Use of TEOST(R) MHT-4 to Measure the Phosphorus Volatility of Engine Oils

Phosphorus is known to poison the exhaust gas catalysts used to control emissions in modern gasoline-fueled passenger car vehicles. Phosphorus volatility has been studied by others as a potential issue related to the compatibility of modern engine oils with exhaust gas catalysts using a modified version of the ASTM D5800 (Noack) test as well as the Sequence ⅢG engine test (ASTM D7320). The level of phosphorus volatility in these tests has been shown to be strongly affected by the chemistry of the zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (ZDDP) used in the engine oil formulation. The TEOST MHT-4 test (ASTM D7097) is a high temperature deposit test currently included in the ILSAC GF-4 specification. This bench test simulates the oxidation and deposit-forming characteristics of engine oils in the hot zones of modern high-performance engines and, therefore, was chosen by the author(s) as a tool to investigate differences in phosphorus volatility of modern engine oils. Our investigations demonstrate that the TEOST MHT-4 test is capable of measuring phosphorus volatility of engine oils with very good discrimination and precision; it may be considered for use in future ILSAC standards (e.g. GF-5).     

Using the TEOST(R) MHT-4 to Identify Robust Antioxidant Systems for Modern Engine Oils

A research tool has been developed that utilizes the Thermo-Oxidation Engine Oil Simulation Test (TEOST[R]) MHT-4 to collect information on engine oil oxidation and deposit formation.The technique capitalizes on the traditional TEOST[R] features as a deposit formation test,but also generates additional oxidation information by monitoring peak increase in the carbonyl region of the Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrum (FT-IR) of TEOST[R] used oils and volatiles.The data on overall oxidation and deposit formation is used to generate a "robustness" model for modern engine oil degradation.The tool is used to study low phosphorus Group Ⅱ passenger car engine oils formulated with different types of antioxidants and a molybdenum dithiocarbamate (MoDTC).The model shows that improved oxidation and deposit control can be achieved by formulating with the molybdenum compound,and that the most effective stabilization system is composed of the organo-molybdenum compound,an alkylated diphenylamine (NDPA),and the hindered phenolic antioxidant 4,4′-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol) (MBDTBP).     

基础油和添加剂组成与Caterpillar1H2发动机试验中高温清净性的关系

针对１０Ｗ／３０，ＳＤ／ＣＣ通用内燃机油研制难点－高温清净性问题，研究了基础油和添加剂组成与Ｃａｔｅｒｐｉｌｌａｒ１Ｈ２发动机试验中高温清净性的关系，并据此研究结果解决了这一难点。     

The Use of TEOST~ MHT-4 to Measure the Phosphorus Volatility of Engine Oils

Phosphorus is known to poison the exhaust gas catalysts used to control emissions in modern gasoline-fueled passenger car vehicles.Phosphorus volatility has been studied by others as a potential issue related to the compatibility of modern engine oils with exhaust gas catalysts using a modified version of the ASTM D5800(Noack) test as well as the Sequence ⅢG engine test(ASTM D7320).The level of phosphorus volatility in these tests has been shown to be strongly affected by the chemistry of the zinc dialkyldithiophosphate(ZDDP) used in the engine oil formulation.The TEOST MHT-4 test(ASTM D7097) is a high temperature deposit test currently included in the ILSAC GF-4 specification.This bench test simulates the oxidation and deposit-forming characteristics of engine oils in the hot zones of modern high-performance engines and,therefore,was chosen by the author(s) as a tool to investigate differences in phosphorus volatility of modern engine oils.Our investigations demonstrate that the TEOST MHT-4 test is capable of measuring phosphorus volatility of engine oils with very good discrimination and precision;it may be considered for use in future ILSAC standards(e.g.GF-5).     

发动机润滑油抗磨减摩添加剂研究现状与发展

随着发动机增压技术、稀薄燃烧技术的出现,排放控制系统升级等多方面因素变化,对发动机润滑油提出了更高的要求,特别是润滑油抗磨性能的提高。文章对发动机润滑油抗磨减摩添加剂近年来的研究成果进行了综述,总结了有机抗磨减摩添加剂和纳米抗磨减摩添加剂的应用特性,结合发动机技术的发展提出了抗磨减摩添加剂的发展趋势,以降低润滑油中有害元素的含量,提高发动机的性能和使用寿命。     

基础油对汽油机油清净性的影响

通过热管试验考察了两个不同ⅢG发动机试验油清净性的变化,考察了不同基础油以及在不同气氛下基础油清净性的变化,用GC-MS、FTIR对基础油及热管试验后油进行了组成分析。研究发现:热管试验可以区分这两个不同的ⅢG发动机试验油的清净性能;Ⅰ类基础油清净性能差,Ⅱ类、Ⅲ类、Ⅳ类基础油清净性能较好;氧气的存在使基础油在老化过程中水的含量、芳烃含量、氧化物含量增多,导致油品清净性变差。     

柴油机油通用复合剂的研制

通过对不中剂性能及相互作用规律的考察,解决了柴油机油通用复合剂研制中遇到的高温清性能,氧化腐蚀性能等问题。用研制的复合剂调剂的油品均可达到质量标准,其具有较大的经济效益。