基于UWPCA与粗糙集相结合的表情识别

针对现有的WPCA方法强调信息不足和提取特征维数过高问题,提出了一种改进的加权主成分分析和粗糙集相结合的方法。该算法利用加权主成分分析的原理,将特征加权和主成分分析相结合,构造了一个新的双向三中心高斯分布函数作为加权函数对图像各维特征进行加权,从而得到特征向量,再使用改进的粗糙集属性约简算法对得到的特征向量进行筛选,去除冗余信息。实验结果显示,方法是有效的。     

粗集特征选择的人脸识别算法

提出基于粗糙集理论属性全局重要度的特征选择方法改进人脸识别中的特征向量的表征能力。以PCA方法得到的特征向量为基础,给出粗糙集的单个特征和特征子集的属性类间分类重要度和属性类内相似重要度的概念。提出基于属性类间分类重要度的属性约简方法,并用属性类内相似重要度进行最后的特征选择,得到进行人脸图像识别分类器的特征向量。新的特征提取方法完全依赖数据本身的先验知识,可选择出最优的特征组合,提高人脸识别率。实验结果表明,与其他方法相比该方法是有效的。     

粗糙集和支持向量机的表具识别算法研究

针对量子粒子群算法具有陷入局部值缺点,提出了一种基于改进量子粒子群算法优化的粗糙集和支持向量机相结合的表具识别算法,引入人工蜂群算法和免疫算法,来提高算法搜索空间、收敛速度。首先通过改进量子粒子群算法优化的粗糙集对得到的特征向量进行属性约简,然后经过改进量子粒子群算法优化支持向量机参数。最后通过实验仿真表明,改进的算法能有效地减少决策属性的个数,提高了粗糙集属性约简能力,优化了支持向量机的参数,算法收敛速度快,识别准确率高。     

基于Gabor小波和属性约简的人脸识别

人脸识别方法易受光照、姿态和表情变化的影响,针对这一问题,提出了一种基于Gabor小波和粗糙集属性约简的人脸识别方法。该方法先对人脸图像进行Gabor小波变换,将小波变换的系数作为人脸图像的特征向量;然后结合信息论中信息熵与互信息的概念定义了粗糙集里的一种新的属性重要度,并以此属性重要度为启发式信息进行约简数据集,从而对所得的人脸图像特征进行降维,并采用支持向量机进行分类。实验结果表明,该算法降低了支持向量机分类器的复杂度,有较好的识别性能。     

结合差别对象对集的综合性特征选择方法

特征选择是文本分类的关键步骤之一,所选特征子集的优劣直接影响文本分类的结果.分析了词频法和文档频法并总结了其缺陷,给出了一个改进的文档频方法;引进粗糙集理论,提出了一个属性约简算法;最后提出了一个新的特征选择方法.该特征选择方法使用改进的文档频初选特征并用所提属性约简算法消除冗余.仿真结果表明该特征选择方法性能较好.     

一种改进的属性约简算法

粗糙集理论是一种有效的信息处理工具,属性约简是粗糙集理论研究的一个核心内容.为了能够较为有效地获得不相容决策表较优的属性约简,在对文献[7]中属性约简算法分析的基础上,根据不相容决策表约简不改变决策表正域的原则,仅考虑相对差异比较表中与正域相关的实例对,同时结合属性重要性作为特征选取的启发式信息,提出了一种改进的启发式属性约简算法.该算法在不增加算法时间复杂度的前提下能够处理不相容决策表.最后,通过实例完整演示了该方法,表明该算法是有效的.     

基于粗糙集的关联规则挖掘方法

对粗糙集进行了相关研究,并提出一种以粗糙集理论为基础的关联规则挖掘方法,该方法首先利用粗糙集的特征属性约简算法进行属性约简,然后在构建约简决策表的基础上应用改进的Apriori算法进行关联规则挖掘。该方法的优势在于消除了不重要的属性,减少了属性数目和候选项集数量,同时只需一次扫描决策表就可产生决策规则。应用实例及实验结果分析表明该方法是一种有效而且快速的关联规则挖掘方法。     

一种改进的属性约简算法

粗糙集理论是一种有效的信息处理工具,属性约简是粗糙集理论研究的一个核心内容。为了能够较为有效地获得不相容决策表较优的属性约简,在对文献[7]中属性约简算法分析的基础上,根据不相容决策表约简不改变决策表正域的原则,仅考虑相对差异比较表中与正域相关的实例对,同时结合属性重要性作为特征选取的启发式信息,提出了一种改进的启发式属性约简算法。该算法在不增加算法时间复杂度的前提下能够处理不相容决策表。最后,通过实例完整演示了该方法,表明该算法是有效的。     

基于粗糙集的决策表属性约简方法的研究

求核和属性约简是粗糙集理论研究的一个核心问题。文中主要针对现有的一些决策表属性约简算法存在的不足,尤其是基于信息熵的属性约简算法在较大数据集上效率不高的问题提出改进。主要通过结合粗糙集的相关理论来改进原有的属性约简算法在求核中的约束条件,进而在原有算法的基础上提出了一种改进算法。在求约简属性集时,利用新提出的约简算法,使计算复杂度降低,同时保持了高效的决策准确率。实验结果表明改进后的决策表属性约简方法能够更加快速有效地找到约简集。     

利用蚁群优化算法的粗糙集属性约简方法

随着高维数据的扩散,特征选择成为学习过程中不可或缺的一项任务。属性约简是特征选择的重要方法,为了寻找有效的属性约简方法,将粗糙集与蚁群算法相结合,提出了利用蚁群优化算法的粗糙集属性约简方法。首先从信息素的更新开始,限制其信息素值的上、下限范围,然后根据寻址方式改进候选解的构造方案。实验表明,该方法具有一定的优越性。     

Rough set feature selection and rule induction for prediction of malignancy degree in brain glioma

The degree of malignancy in brain glioma is assessed based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings and clinical data before operation. These data contain irrelevant features, while uncertainties and missing values also exist. Rough set theory can deal with vagueness and uncertainty in data analysis, and can efficiently remove redundant information. In this paper, a rough set method is applied to predict the degree of malignancy. As feature selection can improve the classification accuracy effectively, rough set feature selection algorithms are employed to select features. The selected feature subsets are used to generate decision rules for the classification task. A rough set attribute reduction algorithm that employs a search method based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) is proposed in this paper and compared with other rough set reduction algorithms. Experimental results show that reducts found by the proposed algorithm are more efficient and can generate decision rules with better classification performance. The rough set rule-based method can achieve higher classification accuracy than other intelligent analysis methods such as neural networks, decision trees and a fuzzy rule extraction algorithm based on Fuzzy Min-Max Neural Networks (FRE-FMMNN). Moreover, the decision rules induced by rough set rule induction algorithm can reveal regular and interpretable patterns of the relations between glioma MRI features and the degree of malignancy, which are helpful for medical experts.     

一种基于邻域粗糙集的多标记专属特征选择方法

在多标记学习中,数据降维是一项重要且具有挑战性的任务,而特征选择又是一种高效的数据降维技术。在邻域粗糙集理论的基础上提出一种多标记专属特征选择方法,该方法从理论上确保了所得到的专属特征与相应标记具有较强的相关性,进而改善了约简效果。首先,该方法运用粗糙集理论的约简算法来减少冗余属性,在保持分类能力不变的情况下获得标记的专属特征;然后,在邻域精确度和邻域粗糙度概念的基础上,重新定义了基于邻域粗糙集的依赖度与重要度的计算方法,探讨了该模型的相关性质;最后,构建了一种基于邻域粗糙集的多标记专属特征选择模型,实现了多标记分类任务的特征选择算法。在多个公开的数据集上进行仿真实验,结果表明了该算法是有效的。     

基于互信息和关系积理论的特征选择方法

研究互信息理论,针对其不足引进粗糙集并给出一个基于关系积理论的属性约简算法,以此为基础提出一个适用于海量文本数据集的特征选择方法。该方法使用互信息进行特征初选,利用所给的属性约简算法消除冗余,从而获得具有代表性的特征子集。实验结果表明,该特征选择方法效果良好。     

Positive approximation: An accelerator for attribute reduction in rough set theory

Feature selection is a challenging problem in areas such as pattern recognition, machine learning and data mining. Considering a consistency measure introduced in rough set theory, the problem of feature selection, also called attribute reduction, aims to retain the discriminatory power of original features. Many heuristic attribute reduction algorithms have been proposed however, quite often, these methods are computationally time-consuming. To overcome this shortcoming, we introduce a theoretic framework based on rough set theory, called positive approximation, which can be used to accelerate a heuristic process of attribute reduction. Based on the proposed accelerator, a general attribute reduction algorithm is designed. Through the use of the accelerator, several representative heuristic attribute reduction algorithms in rough set theory have been enhanced. Note that each of the modified algorithms can choose the same attribute reduct as its original version, and hence possesses the same classification accuracy. Experiments show that these modified algorithms outperform their original counterparts. It is worth noting that the performance of the modified algorithms becomes more visible when dealing with larger data sets.     

On fuzzy-rough attribute selection: Criteria of Max-Dependency,Max-Relevance,Min-Redundancy,and Max-Significance

Attribute selection is one of the important problems encountered in pattern recognition, machine learning, data mining, and bioinformatics. It refers to the problem of selecting those input attributes or features that are most effective to predict the sample categories. In this regard, rough set theory has been shown to be successful for selecting relevant and nonredundant attributes from a given data set. However, the classical rough sets are unable to handle real valued noisy features. This problem can be addressed by the fuzzy-rough sets, which are the generalization of classical rough sets. A feature selection method is presented here based on fuzzy-rough sets by maximizing both relevance and significance of the selected features. This paper also presents different feature evaluation criteria such as dependency, relevance, redundancy, and significance for attribute selection task using fuzzy-rough sets. The performance of different rough set models is compared with that of some existing feature evaluation indices based on the predictive accuracy of nearest neighbor rule, support vector machine, and decision tree. The effectiveness of the fuzzy-rough set based attribute selection method, along with a comparison with existing feature evaluation indices and different rough set models, is demonstrated on a set of benchmark and microarray gene expression data sets.     

An efficient accelerator for attribute reduction from incomplete data in rough set framework

Feature selection (attribute reduction) from large-scale incomplete data is a challenging problem in areas such as pattern recognition, machine learning and data mining. In rough set theory, feature selection from incomplete data aims to retain the discriminatory power of original features. To address this issue, many feature selection algorithms have been proposed, however, these algorithms are often computationally time-consuming. To overcome this shortcoming, we introduce in this paper a theoretic framework based on rough set theory, which is called positive approximation and can be used to accelerate a heuristic process for feature selection from incomplete data. As an application of the proposed accelerator, a general feature selection algorithm is designed. By integrating the accelerator into a heuristic algorithm, we obtain several modified representative heuristic feature selection algorithms in rough set theory. Experiments show that these modified algorithms outperform their original counterparts. It is worth noting that the performance of the modified algorithms becomes more visible when dealing with larger data sets.     

结合标记相关性的特征选择算法

在多标记分类问题中,每个样本可以同时与多个标记类别相关,其中一些标记之间可能具有相关性,充分利用这些标记相关性,可优化分类性能.因此,文中利用标记的频繁项集对标记相关性进行挖掘,提出针对基于邻域粗糙集的多标记属性约简算法进行改进的特征选择算法,并进一步将训练样本根据特征之间的相似性进行聚类,结合局部样本上的标记相关性,进行属性约简及分类.在5个多标记分类数据集上的实验验证文中算法的有效性.     

基于特征集中度和差别对象对集的特征选择方法

本文首先简单分析了几种经典的特征选择方法,总结了它们的不足,然后提出了特征集中度的概念, 紧接着把差别对象对集引入粗糙集并提出了一个基于差别对象对集的属性约简算法,最后把该属性约简算法同特征 集中度结合起来,提出了一个综合性特征选择方法．该综合性方法首先利用特征集中度进行特征初选以过滤掉一些 词条来降低特征空间的稀疏性,然后再使用所提属性约简算法消除冗余,从而获得较具代表性的特征子集．实验结 果表明该综合性方法效果良好．     

一种基于粗糙集文本自动分类的改进算法

自动文本分类的效果在很大程度上依赖于属性特征的选择。针对传统基于频率阈值过滤的特征选择方法会导致有效信息丢失,影响分类精度的不足,提出了一种基于粗糙集的文本自动分类算法。该方法对加权后的特征属性进行离散化,建立一个决策表;根据基于依赖度的属性重要度对决策表中条件属性进行适当的筛选;采用基于条件信息熵的启发式算法实现文本属性特征的约简。实验结果表明,该方法能约简大量冗余的特征属性,在不降低分类精度的同时,提高文本分类的运行效率。