丁二酰亚胺的灰分化改性研究

文章研究了将硼酸镁有效地引人丁二酰亚胺的技术,研究表明在制备硼酸镁丁二酰亚胺的过程水的存在是至关重要的,用四球机和热重分析仪对产物的性能进行了评价,结果表明处理后的丁二酰亚胺有好的抗氧化和酸中和能力,及一定的极压抗磨性能,这些新的性能与硼酸盐的引入有关。     

全配方发动机油SJ/5W-30中二烷基二硫代甲酸钼的摩擦学特性研究(Ⅱ)--二烷基二硫代甲酸钼(MoDTC)的摩擦化学效应

EDX分析表明，摩擦磨损过程中二烷基二硫代甲酸钼(MoDTC)中的活性元素与摩擦副材料表面发生了摩擦化学反应。温度和摩擦机械作用能显著促进：MoDTC与摩擦表面的摩擦化学作用。MoDTC的存在促进了全配方发动机油SJ／5W-30中的多功能添加剂ZDTP的分解。采用添加MoDTC的油样润滑时，在铸铁磨损表面上能形成Mo的化合物(MoO3，MoS2)以及硫化物(FeS)；纯基础油样SJ/5W-30润滑时铸铁磨损表面上只有硫化物形成，而且所形成的硫化物除FeS之外，还有较多的硫酸盐(FeSO4)。MoDTC与ZDTP甲复配时边界反应膜的形成可采用Pearson的硬软酸碱(HSAB)原理来阐释。     

3,5-二溴水杨醛缩甲硫氨基酸席夫碱镍(Ⅱ)配合物修饰碳糊电极的制备及对甲醇的电催化氧化研究

制备了3,5-二溴水杨醛缩甲硫氨基酸席夫碱镍(Ⅱ)配合物修饰碳糊电极,研究了该电极催化甲醇的电化学行为。实验结果表明,电极材料组成中电活性物质BrTMSBNi为0.06g、石墨用量为0.30g时,电极有最大的氧化峰电流值;电极反应主要受扩散控制。利用循环伏安法测定了氧化峰电流值与甲醇浓度的关系,在1.2～2.0g/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数为0.9997,检出限为0.04g/L。加标回收实验表明,该电极测定溶液中的甲醇具有较高的准确度。     

水杨醛二缩乙二胺锰(Ⅱ)配合物为载体的高选择性亚硫酸根离子电极的研究

本文研究了希夫碱金属配合物为载体的阴离子选择性电极 ,结果表明 ,水杨醛二缩乙二胺锰 (Ⅱ )对亚硫酸根离子有较高的选择性 ,且电极呈现反Hofmeister行为 ,其选择性次序为SO2 - 3>I- >SCN- >ClO- 4>NO- 2 >NO- 3>SO2 O2 - 3>CI- >SO2 - 4。该电极响应速度快 ,具有良好的稳定性 ,用于化学试剂中亚硫酸根离子的测定 ,回收率达 95 %以上。     

二维层状Ni/β-Ni(OH)2纳米复合材料的制备及其摩擦学性能研究

采用水热反应制备出β-Ni(OH)2,然后通过水热还原得到Ni/β-Ni(OH)2纳米复合粉体材料,采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对复合材料的相结构、成分及形貌进行表征分析。采用四球摩擦磨损试验机评价制备的Ni/β-Ni(OH)2作为润滑油添加剂的摩擦学性能,基础油为PAO6。摩擦试验后,采用SEM分析典型试验钢球磨斑的表面形貌,利用能谱仪(EDS)研究磨斑表面化学元素的组成,探讨Ni/β-Ni(OH)2纳米复合润滑添加剂的减摩抗磨机制。结果表明:Ni/β-Ni(OH)2纳米复合材料作为润滑添加剂具有极好的减摩抗磨性能,显著优于基础油PAO6和未负载纳米Ni的二维β-Ni(OH)2层状材料;与基础油相比,添加0.1%质量分数Ni/β-Ni(OH)2添加剂的油样的摩擦因数和磨斑直径分别降低了17.6%和41.5%;Ni/β-Ni(OH)2纳米复合粉体综合了纳米Ni及层状β-Ni(OH)2两部分结构特性,在摩擦过程中,复合材料中的纳米金属粒子Ni与层状结构材料β-Ni(OH)2能够相互增强起到协同润滑作用。     

1-(2''''-O,O-二乙基膦酰乙基)-3-己基咪唑六氟磷酸盐离子液体的摩擦学性能研究

合成了1-(2’-0，0-二乙基膦酰乙基)-3-己基咪唑六氟磷酸盐离子液体，用SRV摩擦磨损试验机评价了所制备离子液体作为润滑剂对钢／铝、钢／钢摩擦副的摩擦学性能。结果表明，合成的离子液体具有优良的润滑性能，摩擦因数低，抗磨性能优良。其作用机理是离子液体在摩擦过程中形成了化学吸附边界润滑膜，有效地起到了抗磨损和提高承载能力的作用。     

聚{乙炔[-2,5-二(甲氧基)]苯}薄膜的制备及气敏特性研究

用金属Pd作为催化荆,使1,4-二溴-2,5-二氧甲基苯(1,4.dibromo-2,5-dimethoxy benzene)和乙炔基三正丁基锡(ethynyitri-n-buyltin)发生取代反应,加热聚合生成具有π结构的聚{乙炔[-2,5-二(甲氧基)]苯}(poly{ethynyl[-2,5-di(meth oxy)]benzene}),并对合成的聚合物进行红外光谱分析.使用旋涂法将产物在QCM表面制备了薄膜,并研究了其常温下对CH4和CO两种气体的响应恢复特性以及重复特性.结果表明:该传感器对CHM4和CO两种气体均能快速响应,且重复性较好;通过CH4和CO两种气体的测试结果对比可知,极性气体CO的灵敏度高于非极性气体CH4.     

水溶性稀土络合物Ce-DOP的合成及摩擦学性能的研究

合成了新型的水溶性抗磨添加剂二壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚磷酸铈络合物（简称Ｃｅ－ＤＯＰ）。通过ＦＴＩＲ红外光谱、＾１ＨＮＭＲ和＾３１ＰＮＭＲ核磁共振谱及元素分析等手段表征了其结构。研究了它在高水基介质中的摩擦学性能,四球机实验表明其具有优良的摩擦学特性。并采用Ａｕｇｅｒ俄歇电子能谱考察了磨损表面上抗磨添加剂的元素成份。Ａｕｇｅｒ能谱分析结果显示,该添加剂的抗磨性能与按摩表面中存在Ｃｅ、Ｐ等活性元素有关。     

Experimental and Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Tribochemical Reactions with ZDDP: Zinc Phosphate–Iron Oxide Reaction

Zinc phosphate glass is considered to be the main constituent of tribofilms generated under boundary lubrication with zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (ZDDP), a well-known antiwear additive. The reaction occurring during friction between zinc phosphate glasses and steel native iron oxide layer is investigated by both an experimental approach and by Molecular Dynamics simulations (MD). The importance of this “tribochemical” reaction in the general ZDDP antiwear process is discussed.     

Flow Characteristics of Hydraulic Fluids of Different Viscosities II. Flow in Pumps: Internal Leakage and Loss of Efficiency

A new type of hydraulic fluid, the high-water type, is being developed for use in industrial equipment which is currently using oil or oil-like fluids. In order to determine which factors affect the flow properties of high-water hydraulic fluids, a series of solutions ranging in viscosity from that of a water-glycol fluid (55 mPa·s or 250 SUS) to that of a high-water fluid (3 mPa·s or 35 SUS) was formulated by varying the amount of thickening agent. From flow rates of these fluids at known pressure and viscosity, the efficiency (percent loss of flow) was calculated. As would be expected, internal leakage from the high-pressure side of the pump to the low-pressure side was much greater with the 3 mPa·s fluids than with the 50 mPa·s fluids. Increasing the pump size increased pump efficiency at a given viscosity.

Equations relating pressure, viscosity and flow for two types of internal leakage were developed by mathematical or graphical analysis of the experimental data.     

Oxidation Characteristics of MoS2 and Other Solid Lubricants

Thermogravimetric oxidation data are presented for fifteen refractory metal dichalcogenides. Interpretation of these data is supported by oxidation thermograms of the chalcogens and the refractory metals and by X-ray diffraction analysis of the oxidized products. The effects of humidity, heating rate, and particle size on oxidation of the dichalcogenides are presented. Thermogravimetric analysis is shown to be helpful in detecting impurities, such as unreacted elements, in commercial samples. Some dichalcogenides are shown to retain the same relative oxidation stability, when bonded in thin films with a ceramic, as for pure powder samples. A table is presented summarizing these oxidation characteristics together with information from the literature on crystal structures, electrical resistivities, and densities.     

复杂光学表面的快刀伺服加工特性与路径规划

复杂面形和微结构阵列等类型的光学元件应用范围越来越广,传统的机械加工方法难以满足面形精度和加工效率要求,超精密快刀伺服(Fast tool servo,FTS)是实现这类零件优质高效加工的有效手段.但是在复杂光学表面的快刀伺服加工中,面形的高低起伏将会使刀具和工件的相对位置实时变化,导致加工状态恶化、面形精度下降,甚至...     

Solid Lubrication of Silicon Nitride with Cesium-Based Compounds: Part II — Surface Analysis

Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) were used to characterize the wear surfaces of selected samples from Part 1 of the authors study. Results are presented for films generated on silicon nitride (Si₃N₄) originally coated with cesium oxytrithiotungstate (Cs₂WOS₃), cesium sulfate (Cs₂SO₄), and a hydrated cesium silicate (Cs₂O·3SiO₂·nH₂O), all applied in a sodium silicate binder (Na₂SiO₃). Results show the presence of mostly Si, O, and Cs within the wear tracks of post-tested specimens. In some cases, W and S were not detected on samples that originally contained these elements, suggesting that decomposition had taken place. To simulate the reactions that might occur in a tribo-contact, mixtures of Si₃N⁴ and Cs₂WOS₃ powders were heated in air to 700°C and analyzed using XPS and Bremsstrahlung-excited AES. It was found that Cs₂WOS₃ accelerates the formation ofSiO₂ on Si₃N₄ under static conditions. These results support our hypothesis that high temperature chemical reactions between the cesium-containing compounds and the Si₃N₄ surface form a lubricious cesium silicate film. A mechanism is proposed based on the glass-modifying tendency of alkali metals and the hot-corrosion of Si₃N₄     

生物摩擦磨损润滑剂的润滑特性

关节转换已广泛应用于关节炎晚期治疗,外伤致残和滑瘤切除手术中。关节转换材料的耐磨性能会直接影响转换关节的使用寿命和使用质量。蒸馏水、盐水、血浆、血清等均被用作生物摩擦磨损研究的润滑剂,但是对这些润滑剂的润滑特性并未认真考察。本文应用ＴＬＴ－１型弹流试验台对血浆在内的几种生物摩擦磨损润滑剂的润滑特性进行了研究,结果表明血浆的润滑性能最好。     

Investigation of Tribo-Chemistry by Means of Stable Isotopic Tracers,Part 2: Lubrication Mechanism of Friction Modifiers on Diamond-Like Carbon

A solution of glycerol monooleate (GMO) in polyalphaolefin (PAO) considerably reduced the friction between the steel and the diamond-like carbon (DLC) under boundary conditions. The combination of the material-oil-additive is of importance. Model additives composed of a stable isotope ( ² H or ¹³ C) were employed to trace the additive molecule by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy (TOF-SIMS). It was found that the additive interacted with DLC surfaces in the form of an ester. Inclusion of PAO in the boundary film on DLC was found by TOF-SIMS analysis.The utility of the isotopic tracer technique in tribo-chemistry was demonstrated in this study.     

Incompressible and Analytical Study on Load-Carrying Capacity of a Complex Thrust Gas Bearing

ABSTRACT

A type of aerodynamic/aerostatic complex thrust gas bearing was presented in the investigation of the coupling between aerodynamics and aerostatics with the objective of further improving the performance of the thrust gas bearing. Its analytical model was also set up completely under incompressible conditions. Based on this model, the load-carrying capacity function apparently included pressure and structure coupling items. However, this structure cannot be used when the pressure ratio of the complex gas bearing is less than 1.

     

Study of Influence of Lubricating Oil and Tooth Height on Friction Characteristics of Helical Gears

It is of utmost importance to know the friction loss of helical gears because they are produced quite widely used. However, basic research, e. g., load carrying characteristics of helical gears and friction loss, is extremely scarce.

In this paper the authors focused on the influence of the kind of lubricating oil on the friction loss of helical gears. Further they dealt with the influence of height of teeth on friction loss of helical gears. The authors carried out experiments to study the influence of lubricating oil viscosity, additive, and base oil type as well as rotational speed on friction loss of helical gears. Not only mineral oils but also synthetic oils were used as base oils, e. g., paraffin, poly-α-olefin, and polyglycol type oils. As additives the authors used EP additive and ZnDTP. Further they investigated the influence of tooth height on friction loss.

The experimental results gained make it possible to drastically reduce friction loss of helical gears.