腰椎间盘突出症再手术临床分析

目的探讨腰椎间盘突出症首次手术失败的原因,提出预防措施.方法回顾因首次手术失误而导致的症状无明显好转或加重,或合并其他症状需再次手术治疗的84例病例,对其进行分析.结果再手术原因主要为术前诊断及定位错误,椎管狭窄未解除,退变突出髓核碎片残留,多节段髓核突出遗漏,椎管内粘连以及腰椎不稳.再手术效果优良率达82.0%.结论腰椎间盘突出症首次手术前要加强术前检查,明确诊断,明确是否合并其它腰椎退变性疾病,确立正确的手术方案.术中同时解决其他合并疾病,提高手术成功率,降低再手术率.     

影像与临床结合诊断腰椎间盘突出症

腰椎间盘突出症与梨状肌症侯群,腰３横突综合症,臀上皮神经炎,腰椎滑脱等病都可引起腰臀腿痛。后者常被误诊为腰椎间盘突出症,总结我科２０００年９月～２０００年１２月接诊的先经ＣＴ诊断为腰椎间盘突出症患者６２例,从中发现符合腰椎间盘突出症诊断者４８例,梨状肌症侯群,腰３横突综合症,臀上皮神经炎及腰椎滑脱症共１４例,误诊占本组病例的２２．５％,分析报告如下。 临床资料 一、一般资料 本组６２例,男３９例,女２３例,年龄２５～６４岁,平均年龄４２．５岁,腰腿痛病史２ｗ～２年。临床表现为腰痛伴臀腿痛３６例,臀…     

腰椎间盘突出症再手术的临床处理

目的：对腰椎间盘突出症再手术的临床处理进行探讨。方法：从2000年2月至2006年4月行腰椎间盘手术846例,椎间盘突出再手术患者24例,占2．8％。再次手术行全椎板3例,半椎板7例。扩大开窗14例。其中20例行植骨融合内固定术。结果：疗效评定标准按Macnab法：优14例,良6例,可2例,差2例。优良率83．3％。本组无硬脊膜破裂及神经根损伤并发症。结论：腰椎间盘突出症再手术多因手术并发症及继发性退变所致,再手术治疗的难点是上次手术形成的瘢痕使正常解剖结构不清,给暴露和解剖结构的确认增加了困难。再次手术将导致脊柱的稳定性进一步破坏,需行内固定和融合术。     

腰椎间盘突出症再手术原因分析

自1989年6月～1996年6月,我院手术治疗腰椎间盘突出症906例,再手术26例,再手术率为2.87％。分析原因有:原椎间盘切除不彻底11例,再突出5例,合并椎管或根管狭窄共3例,定位错误和双间隙突出遗漏共5例,三间隙再突出和医源性损伤各1例。作者提出术前应明确诊断,术中定位准确,充分显露突出的椎间盘,反对片面强调小切口开窗术式,仔细操作,彻底减压以提高手术疗效。     

腰椎间盘突出症再手术原因分析及对策

目的：分析腰椎间盘突出症再手术原因,提出相应预防措施。方法：回顾分析47例腰椎间盘突出再手术病例。结果：术前误诊11例,再突出24例,腰椎管狭窄10例,下腰椎不稳2例,再手术病例均有不同程度疤痕压迫。结论：预防腰椎间盘突出症二次手术,术前要明确诊断,术中仔细操作,彻底减压,避免下腰椎不稳。     

腰椎间盘突出症再手术病例分析

我院自 1980年 8月～ 1995年 2月共手术治疗腰椎间盘突出症 2 84例 ,其中 18例因不同原因再次手术 ,再手术率为6 3%。 18例再手术病例经椎管造影、ＣＴ或ＭＲＩ检查确认病变所在 ,行二次手术探查。1　临床资料1 1　一般资料　本组 18例 ,男 12例 ,女 6例。首次手术时年龄为 2 4～ 5 0岁 ,平均 35 2岁。再次手术时年龄 2 8～ 5 2岁 ,平均 40 5岁。两次手术间隔时间 1 5年～ 7年 ,平均 3 5年。1 2　再手术原因　 (1)因技术原因再手术者 8例 ,均为首次手术后症状依旧或减轻不明显。其中 4例经椎管造影见原间隙突出平面造影剂充盈缺损或中断 …     

腰椎间盘突出症再手术临床分析

目的：探讨腰椎间盘突出症首次手术失败的原因，提出预防措施。方法：回顾因首次手术失误而导致的症状无明显好转或加重，或合并其他症状需再次手术治疗的84例病例，对其进行分析。结果：再手术原因主要为术前诊断及定位错误，椎管狭窄未解除，退变突出髓核碎片残留，多节段髓核突出遗漏，椎管内粘连以及腰椎不稳。再手术效果优良率达82．0％。结论：腰椎间盘突出症首次手术前要加强术前检查，明确诊断，明确是否合并其它腰椎退变性疾病，确立正确的手术方案。术中同时解决其他合并疾病，提高手术成功率，降低再手术率。     

单纯腰痛性腰椎间盘突出症的手术治疗

目的：分析单纯腰痛性腰椎间盘突出症的临床特点,探讨治疗方法。方法：回顾总结手术治疗单纯腰痛性腰椎间盘突出症３３例的临床资料。结果：平均随访４．５年,优良率达９６．７％,无差者。结论：对反复发作、久治不愈的腰痛者,应高度怀疑腰椎间盘突出症,一量诊断明确,应果断治疗,采用改良式全椎板切除,显露充分,减压彻底。     

应用椎间盘造影判断腰椎间盘突出症腰痛的来源

[目的]应用椎间盘造影术探讨腰椎间盘突出症患者临床腰痛来源.[方法]137例椎间盘突出症患者根据造影术前MRI表现将椎间盘分为:正常、突出和退变.患者腰痛和腿痛的严重程度应用疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS评分)判定,分为三组:(1)腰痛为主组;(2)腿痛为主组;(3)腰腿痛并重组.对所有退变的腰椎间盘及至少1个作对照的正常椎间盘进行椎间盘造影检查,如造影过程中诱发一致性腰痛,即认为椎间盘造影阳性.[结果]137例患者总共427个椎间盘行造影检查,其中104个造影阳性.椎间盘造影阳性患者腰痛与腿痛VAS评分无明显差异(P＞0.05),而阴性者腿痛评分高于腰痛评分(P＜0.05).腰痛为主组,腿痛为主组,腰腿痛并重组其造影阳性率分别为79.2%,18.6%,71. 7%.MRI表现为正常、突出和退变的椎间盘其造影阳性率分别是1.4%、48.3%、21.6%(P＜0.05).[结论]盘源性腰痛可能是腰痛明显的椎间盘突出症患者腰痛的主要原因,这种腰痛主要来源于椎间盘突出节段和或邻近退变节段.     

腰椎全板减压术后顽固下腰痛的原因分析

[目的]分析腰椎全板切除术后残留下腰痛的原因,指导选择合理的手术方法。[方法]回顾分析1996～2000年作者采用全椎板切除减压治疗的腰椎管狭窄症患者临床资料,69例获得5年以上随访的患者作为本组研究对象,使用日本骨科学会(JOA)标准对患者的神经功能和下腰痛程度进行评分,根据手术前后下腰痛程度的变化将病例分为无残存下腰痛(lowbackpain,LBP)组和残存LBP组,针对术前的临床和影像学参数,使用软件包SPSS13.0进行对数回归分析,确定术后残存下腰痛的临床预测因素,并对这些影响因素进行两组间比较和统计分析。[结果]术前腰椎前突角、腰椎活动度和手术减压范围与术后残存下腰痛密切相关。残存LBP组患者术前腰椎生理前突和活动度分别为(22.27°±3.12°)和(22.91°±2.31°),显著低于无残存LBP组患者的腰椎前突和活动度(37.23°±2.19°)和(31.66°±1.52°),P值分别为0.000和0.002;而残存LBP组的减压节段(2.77±0.19节)明显高于无残存LBP组(1.70±0.10节),P值为0.000。[结论]对于术前腰椎前突减小,腰椎活动度下降的椎管狭窄症患者单纯施行多节段的腰椎全板减压容易导致术后顽固性下腰痛的出现,应引起作者重视。     

腰椎椎间盘突出症和椎间盘源性疼痛的免疫病理学研究

目的 探讨腰椎椎间盘突出症和椎间盘源性疼痛的免疫病理学改变及其异同点.方法 收集71例手术切除的椎间盘髓核标本,分为:腰椎椎间盘突出(A组)30例,腰椎间盘脱出或游离(B组)22例,两组均行椎间盘髓核摘除术;腰椎椎间盘源性疼痛(C组)10例,均经椎间盘造影证实并行前路手术切除;腰椎爆裂骨折(D组)9例,行前路手术切除伤椎远侧相对正常的椎间盘髓核.组织形态学观察各组椎间盘髓核细胞的病理变化;应用免疫组化技术检测髓核CD68阳性巨噬细胞和CD45RO阳性T细胞,并行统计学分析.结果 组织形态学观察:D组髓核细胞形态大小一致,分布均匀,未见明显细胞基质退变及炎性细胞浸润;其他各组均见髓核细胞空泡样变、形态大小不一、分布不均;A组和B组髓核组织边缘可见大量炎性细胞浸润、局灶性小血管增生,以B组更明显;C组细胞基质退变严重,髓核组织边缘可见散在炎性细胞浸润,未见明显血管增生.免疫组化检测:CD68阳性率,B组(63.6%)＞C组(40.0%)＞A组(26.7%)＞D组(0%),各组间差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).CD45RO阳性T细胞均出现在CD68阳性巨噬细胞同一部位的连续切片上,阳性率B组(59.1%)＞A组(13.3%),C组和D组为阴性,各组间差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 腰椎椎间盘突出症髓核边缘有明显的炎症和自身免疫反应;椎间盘源性疼痛髓核边缘有散在炎性细胞和较多巨噬细胞,但小血管增生和T淋巴细胞浸润不明显,提示有炎性反应,但自身免疫反应不如椎间盘突出症明显.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate and compare the immunopathological changes of lumbar disc herniation and discogenic pain. Methods Seventy-one lumbar disc nucleuses were collected intra-operation,and they were divided into four groups. Group A: 30 cases of disc herniation, Group B: 22 cases of sequestered disc herniation, and the patients in Group A and B received discectomy; Group C: 10 cases of discogenic pain were confirmed by discography, and the painful disc was excised through anterior retroperitoneal approach; Group D: 9 cases of lumbar bust fracture who received anterior subtotal corpectomy and discectomy, and the nearly normal caudal disc was collected as control. The disc nucleuses were processed in the following methods: 1) HE stain and pathological observation; 2) Immunocytochemical test using monoclonal antibodies to CD68 and CD45RO molecule for macrophage and T lymphocytes, respectively. The positive cells were counted and analyzed with statistic method. Results 1) Pathological observation with HE stain: compare to control group, the degeneration of nucleus cell was evident in the other groups. There were obvious infiltration of inflammatory cells and focal neovascularization in group A and especially in Group B.In Group C, only diffuse inflammatory cells was found without neovascularization, but the degeneration of matrix was more severe. 2) Positive rate of CD68 cells: Group B (63.6%)＞Group C (40.0%)＞Group A (26.7%)＞Group D (0%). There were significant differences among groups (P＜0.05). 3) Positive rate of CD45RO cells:Group B (59.1%)＞Group A (13.3%), Group C and D were negative, and the positive cell were found in slice of the same site of positive CD68 cells. The differences between each group were significant (P＜0.05). Conclusion The nucleus of herniated disc has evident inflammatory and autoimmunity reaction. The nucleus of discogenic pain is infiltrated with diffuse inflammatory cells and some macrophages, without T lymphocyte and neovasularization, so the autoimmunity course is not evident.     

椎间盘切除术对腰椎间盘突出症腰痛的影响

[目的] 探讨椎间盘切除术能否有效的缓解椎间盘突出症患者腰痛.[方法] 自2003年1月～2006年12月,201例单节段椎间盘突出症行椎间盘切除术的患者最终获得随访,201例患者中100例经内窥镜下椎间盘切除术(MED),101例行传统的椎板间开窗椎间盘切除术(COP).结果评价采用VAS疼痛评分和患者对手术的满意度评分,平均随访45个月.[结果] 89.1%患者对手术感到满意,平均腿痛的VAS评分从术前的70.02 ±15.80下降至随访时的7.73±12.13,平均腰痛VAS评分从术前43.61±26.18下降至随访时16.89±14.73,97.0%患者随访时腿痛获得有效的缓解,70.1%～78.1%的患者术后腰痛获得有效缓解.腰痛的缓解与腿痛的缓解相关.MED组患者腰痛的有效缓解率较COP组高.腰痛为主组、腰腿痛并重组及腿痛为主组患者腰痛的有效缓解率相似,腰痛为主组患者腿痛的有效缓解率较另外两组患者低.[结论] 椎间盘切除术可有效缓解椎间盘突出症腰痛.MED较传统的椎板间开窗椎间盘切除术缓解腰痛更有效.术前严重的腰痛可能足腿痛难以改善的预测因素.     

Radiographic predictors of residual low back pain after laminectomy for lumbar canal stenosis: a minimum of 6-year follow-up

Objective： To identify radiographic predictors of residual low back pain （LBP） after laminectomy for lumbar canal stenosis Methods： （LCS） Clinical results and radiographic findings in 69 patients who underwent single level laminectomy for LCS were retrospectively reviewed. Patients who had an improvement in LBP scores evaluated by Japanese Orthopaedic Association （JOA） scoring system during the fol- low-up periods were classified as the recovery group, and others were classified as the non-recovery group. Patients＇ clinical data and radiographic parameters like lordosis angle, range of motion and intervertebral rotational angle were analyzed using binary logistic regression analysis to detect factors significantly related with the occurrence of residual LBP.
Results： The average preoperative JOA score of 14.8± 5.05 improved to 21.59±5.51 at the final follow-up. Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that significant predictors of residual LBP were preoperative lumbar lordosis angle and range of motion.
Conclusions： Our results suggest that patients with flat back and limited lumbar mobility before surgery tend to have poor results in terms of LBP. Therefore, these sagittal radiographic parameters should be taken into account when choosing laminectomy as the surgical option for LCS.     

椎间孔镜治疗复发性腰椎间盘突出症的临床分析

目的评估椎间孔镜治疗复发性椎间盘突出症的临床疗效。方法 2010-10-2011-06根据纳入标准筛选30例复发性椎间盘突出症患者,行椎间孔镜下神经根松解术治疗,采用VAS、ODI两项调查评估系统对患者进行长期随访,根据结果评估椎间孔镜对该类疾病的手术疗效。结果根据VAS评分标准,平均视觉模拟评分由7.50±1.27降至4.80±2.44,（P〈0.05）;ODI评分由39.70±16.69降至36.30±17.37,（P〈0.05）;优良率为30%。结论椎间孔镜在治疗复发性腰椎间盘突出症时,针对再发的神经根腹侧压迫,是有效而有优势的,但就复发性腰椎间盘突出症而言,影响其临床症状的因素较繁杂,多数情况下因背侧瘢痕粘连或内固定占位不良等限制,椎间孔镜无法对其进行手术处理的,总体疗效低于再次开放手术。     

Determinants of the intention for using a lumbar support among home care workers with recurrent low back pain

In most effectiveness studies on lumbar supports for patients with low back pain, insufficient data are reported about adherence. In a secondary preventive RCT, we found beneficial effects and a good adherence among home care workers with low back pain. To target the use of lumbar supports on those patients who can benefit optimally from usage, we need to know why people are adherent. We used the attitude, social support and self-efficacy model to identify determinants for prolonged adherence to wearing a lumbar support. The strongest predictor for intending sustained use of a lumbar support was a positive attitude towards lumbar supports, explaining 41% of the variance (B = 1.31; p < 0.001). Social support and self-efficacy played a minor role. The intention for prolonged use of a lumbar support for workers with recurrent back pain was mainly explained by a positive attitude. The discomfort of a lumbar support was outweighed by perceived benefit.     

Back pain improves significantly following discectomy for lumbar disc herniation

Background Context

Although lumbar disc herniation (LDH) classically presents with lower extremity radiculopathy, there are patients who have substantial associated back pain.

Symptomatology of recurrent low back pain in nursing and administrative professions

The aim of the present study was to explore if (a) recurrent low back pain (LBP) has different symptomatologies in cases from occupations with predominantly sitting postures compared to cases from occupations involving dynamic postures and frequent lifting and (b) if in the two occupational groups, different factors were associated with the presence of recurrent LBP. Hundred and eleven female subjects aged between 45 and 62 years with a long-standing occupation either in administrative or nursing professions, with and without recurrent LBP were examined. An extensive evaluation of six areas of interest (pain and disability, clinical examination, functional tests, MR examination, physical and psychosocial workplace factors) was performed. The variables from the six areas of interest were analyzed for their potential to discriminate between the four groups of subjects (administrative worker and nurses with and without recurrent LBP) by canonical discriminant analysis. As expected, the self-evaluation of physical and psychosocial workplace factors showed significant differences between the two occupational groups, which holds true for cases as well as for controls (P < 0.01). The functional tests revealed a tendency for rather good capacity in nurses with LBP and a decreased capacity in administrative personnel with LBP (P = 0.049). Neither self completed pain and disability questionnaires nor clinical examination or MR imaging revealed any significant difference between LBP cases from sedentary and non-sedentary occupations. When comparing LBP cases and controls within the two occupational groups, the functional tests revealed significant differences (P = 0.0001) yet only in administrative personnel. The clinical examination on the other hand only discriminated between LBP cases and controls in the nurses group (P < 0.0001). Neither MRI imaging nor self reported physical and psychosocial workplace factors discriminated between LBP cases and controls from both occupational groups. Although we used a battery of tests that have broad application in clinical and epidemiological studies of LBP, a clear difference in the pattern of symptoms between LBP cases from nursing and hospital administration personnel could not be ascertained. We conclude that there is no evidence for different mechanisms leading to non-specific, recurrent LBP in the two occupations, and thus no generalizable recommendations for the prevention and therapy of non-specific LBP in the two professions can be given.     

腰椎间盘突出症和椎间盘源性疼痛的免疫病理学研究

目的通过对突出腰椎间盘组织中免疫因子的测定,进一步探讨腰椎间盘突出症与椎间盘源性疼痛在免疫病理学改变的异同点。方法收集标本:腰椎间盘突出症(A组)30例,椎间盘源性疼痛(B组)30例,确诊后两组均行腰椎后路减压植骨融合术,腰椎爆裂骨折(C组)10例,都行前路手术,共70例椎间盘髓核标本。对各组髓核组织进行组织学观察,通过免疫组化方法对髓核中CD25+T细胞和CD68阳性巨噬细胞进行检测及数据统计分析。结果病理学观察:C组髓核组织细胞形态一致,匀称分布,细胞质无明显退变,无明显炎症细胞浸润;其他两组均见髓核细胞空泡样变、形态不一致,胞质分布不均;A组髓核组织周围能见较多炎症细胞、局部见毛细血管增生;B组髓核细胞质退变明显,髓核组织周围能见少量炎症细胞,无明显毛细血管增生。免疫组化检测:CD68阳性率,B组(50%)A组(33.3%)C组(0%),各组间差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。A组中CD25+T细胞均表现在CD68阳性巨噬细胞相同位置,B组与C组为阴性。结论腰椎间盘突出症髓核周围有显著的自身免疫反应与炎症反应;椎间盘源性疼痛髓核周围有少量炎症细胞与较多巨噬细胞,但未见明显的毛细血管与T淋巴细胞增生,表明周围有炎症反应,但自身免疫反应没有腰椎间盘突出症典型。