三孢布拉霉JM9207胞外脂肪酶活性的研究

研究了三孢布拉霉ＪＭ９２０７胞外脂肪酶的特性,适宜的酶反应条件是温度２７℃,ｐＨ中性,在利用该菌发酵β－胡萝卜素的过程中,发酵３０－９６ｈ的时间段内酶活性可维持１０个单位以上,发酵３６ｈ和７２ｈ时分别出现两个活性高峰。     

丝状真菌三孢布拉霉DNA的提取研究

用氯化苄提取丝状真菌三孢布拉霉DNA.用100mMTris*HCl;40mMEDTApH9.0;2%SDS作为提取液,使氯化苄在碱性条件下与三孢布拉霉细胞壁中的多糖成分发生反应,从而达到破坏细胞壁结构,释放DNA的作用.实验得到的DNA污染少,质量高.     

三孢布拉霉发酵生产β-胡萝卜素工艺研究

研究了应用三孢布拉霉生产β-胡萝卜素的发酵工艺。在种子培养阶段,采用正负菌孢子混合培养的方法,并对发酵条件进行了优化,得到了一个稳定、简便的工艺条件,β-胡萝卜素产量达到1.39g/L。     

三孢布拉氏霉发酵生产β-胡萝卜素的研究

利用三孢布拉氏霉发酵生产天然β－胡萝卜素。在30L发酵罐中,平均生物量31．3g干菌重／L发酵液和胡萝卜素1213．1mp／L;在3M³发酵罐中,平均生物量38.0g干菌重／L发酵液和胡萝卜素1146．5mg／L。将中试样品经HPLC分析,在总色素中β-胡萝卜素占92～96％,其他类胡萝卜素占8～4％;在β-胡萝卜素中,反式异构体占90～95％,9－、13－、15－顺式异构体占10～5％。结晶β－胡萝卜素呈多种形状,但大多数为两端锥形的棱柱体。在胡萝卜素提取中,工艺和技     

三孢布拉霉老化性状传递特征初报

胡萝卜素产生菌三孢布拉霉（Ｂｌａｋｅｓｌｅａｔｒｉｐｏｒａ）的老化现象及其特征,其老化菌株通过菌丝接触,将老化性状传递给正常菌株,并通过转变正常菌株的孢子,使老化性状传递给后代,菌丝的老化伴随着体内胡萝卜素的消失。     

三孢布拉霉生产番茄红素研究进展

番茄红素是一种能够预防某些癌症,心血管疾病等慢性病的重要类胡萝卜素。三孢布拉霉是产生番茄红素的主要微生物之一。对番茄红素的理化性质,三孢布拉霉的生物学特性,高产菌株的选育,培养基及工艺的优化,番茄红素的提取,市场状况及开发前景等进行了综述。     

补料工艺对三孢布拉霉菌合成β-胡萝卜素的影响

微生物发酵法是现在国际上工业化生产天然β-胡萝卜素的主要研究方向,三孢布拉霉菌是其中一种理想的出发菌株。为进一步提高此菌株的合成能力,本文采取了在发酵过程中添加结构类似物的方式,研究了不同时间和不同浓度下补料对最终合成β-胡萝卜素的影响,确定了补料工艺对最终产物合成的促进作用,其中尤在发酵24hr时添加0.01%的巴比妥酸效果最佳。     

三孢布拉霉老化性状传递特征初报

胡萝卜素产生菌三孢布拉霉(Blakeslea trispora)的老化现象及其特征。其老化菌株通过菌丝接触,将老化性状传递给正常菌株。并通过转变正常菌株的孢予,使老化性状传递给后代。菌丝的老化伴随着体内胡萝卜素的消失。     

crgA调控三孢布拉霉合成类胡萝卜素

【目的】探究crgA基因在三孢布拉霉合成类胡萝卜素过程中的调控作用。【方法】克隆三孢布拉霉crgA基因并利用split-marker策略敲除该基因;在表型特征、关键酶基因转录水平、类胡萝卜素合成水平等方面将基因敲除株与野生株进行比较分析。【结果】与野生型菌株相比,crgA基因敲除菌产孢能力明显下降,而类胡萝卜素合成途径中的关键酶基因转录水平明显提高,在发酵120h后β-胡萝卜素的积累量提高了31.2%。将crgA基因重新导入到敲除菌后,该菌的性状恢复至野生型。【结论】crgA基因调控三孢布拉霉的生长和产孢能力,并通过调控类胡萝卜素关键酶基因表达来调控类胡萝卜素的合成,是一个负调控因子。     

IDENTIFICATION OF CAROTENOIDS PRODUCED FROM CHEESE WHEY BY BLAKESLEA TRISPORA IN SUBMERGED FERMENTATION

The identification of carotenoids in B. trispora during pigment production from deproteinized hydrolyzed whey supplemented with plant oils was studied. The carotenoid content in Blakeslea trispora were β-carotene, γ-carotene, and lycopene. The composition of carotenoids depends of the amount of oils added to the cheese whey. At the maximum concentration of carotenoids, the proportions of β-carotene, γ-carotene, and lycopene (as percent of total carotenoids) was 60.1%, 32.5%, and 7.4%, respectively.     

不同介质中乙二醇壳聚糖的合成及性能研究

本文用氯乙醇对壳聚糖进行了化学改性,通过不同介质中的反应结果,确定了壳聚糖羟乙基化的条件,并用IR和X-衍射及NMR对改性产物进行了结构表征。     

木波罗种子脱水敏感性与膜脂过氧化的研究

刚采收的木波罗种子含水量为５８．６％。随着含水量下降,种子的发芽率和发芽指数迅速下降,种子对脱水非常敏感,是典型的顽拗性种。自然脱水时,种子胚轴和子叶中超氧物歧化酶的活性先上升,然后下降,丙二醛和脂质氢过氧化物的含量显著增加。其脱水敏感性的原因可能是当种子脱水时,植物酶ＳＯＤ的活性下降,膜脂过氧化作用加强,从而使膜的结构和功能受到破坏,种子生活力丧失。     

STUDIES ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GABA SYNTHESIS AND PROTEIN SYNTHESIS IN BRAIN

Abstract— The synthesis of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in mouse brain was decreased by treatment of the animals with pyridoxal phosphate- γ-glutamylhydrazone, an inhibitor of glutamate decarboxylase in vivo. Under these experimental conditions the following parameters were studied: (1) the incorporation of labeled leucine in vivo , into protein of brain subcellular fractions; (2) the brain polysome profile; (3) the incorporation of labeled leucine into protein in vitro , in ribosomal preparations isolated from brain tissue. In other experiments, GABA synthesis was also decreased in brain cortex slices by preincubation with aminooxyacetic acid. The incorporation of [³H]leucine or [¹⁴C]leucine into protein in these slices was studied, and samples from the proteins were subjected to acrylamide-sodium dodecylsulfate gel electrophoresis. Radioactivity was counted in slices of the gel. The results of the experiments in vivo and in vitro indicate that the previously reported decrease of protein synthesis induced by an inhibition of GABA synthesis affects proteins of all subcellular fractions and all populations of protein as separated by gel electrophoresis. The polysome profile from brains of mice with decreased GABA synthesis was similar to that of control mice. This result differs from that found when brain protein synthesis is inhibited by dopamine and serotonin.     

STUDIES ON PROTEIN SYNTHESIS IN TOMATO COTYLEDONS AND LEAVES. II. INTERMEDIATE STAGES OF PROTEIN SYNTHESIS

1. The activities of RNase, ATPase and proteolytic enzymes inextractsof tomato leaves have been investigated with regardto detrimentaleffects on protein synthesis. The use of coppersulphate asan inhibitor of RNase is described.
2. The effectof microbial contamination on amino acid uptake hasbeen studiedin relationship with cell-free systems, and thehigh activitynoted underlines the necessity for aseptic procedures.
3. Methodsfor the preparation of cell-free systems capable ofamino acidactivation and incorporation into protein in an asepticenvironmentare discussed.

¹Present address: Dept. of Horticultural Science, Universityof Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, U.S.A.     

纽带蛋白及其与微丝和膜结合的研究

 用落球粘度计测量低剪切粘度的方法研究了纽带蛋白-肌动蛋白的相互作用。与以前关于纽带蛋白可使肌动蛋白粘度降低并推测它抑制微丝间相互作用的报道不同,10—50μg/ml的纽带蛋白引起肌动蛋白细丝溶液粘度略有增加。电镜观察表明,由于纽带蛋白的作用,肌动蛋白丝聚集成束。 远紫外圆二色谱显示,在pH7.0下,220和207nm处呈双负峰,190nm处有一正峰。按三波长法计算,其α螺旋和β折叠含量分别占41％和22％。研究了pH,磷脂和去垢剂对其构象的影响。疏水性结合的和水溶性的纽带蛋白相比,存在少量构象差别。联系这一蛋白处在细胞骨架与质膜相联系的特殊位置,推测在体内,纽带蛋白与脂结合后也可能发生类似的构象变化。