中国水泥协会积极应对水泥行业碳减排

<正>当前,应对气候变化已升为国家重大战略,水泥行业任重道远。2013年全球碳排放量达351亿吨,我国以95亿吨高居第一,占全球排放总量的27.1%,作为全球最大温室气体排放国,节能减排义不容辞。中国是世界水泥生产和消费大国,占全球60%的水泥产量带来了巨大的温室气体排放量。中国政府已经承诺,在2030年前后达到排放峰值,到2020年中国单位GDP二氧化碳排放比2005年下降40%~45%。APEC期间,中美就2020     

炼厂温室气体排放核算研究

在分析炼厂温室气体排放源的基础上,详细介绍炼厂温室气体排放的核算方法,即实测法、物料衡算法、系数法及发改委核算指南,并对各核算方法的适用性及优缺点进行总结。使用系数法对某炼厂碳排放进行估算和分析,结果表明,该炼厂直接排放占总排放的量79.20%,能源间接排放占20.80%;主要生产装置中,催化裂化装置温室气体排放量最高。     

"双碳"背景下能源化工集团绿色低碳技术路径研究

传统能源化工产业属于高碳排放行业,温室气体排放居高不下,探索低碳化发展迫在眉睫.针对能源化工集团的绿色低碳路径展开研究,梳理出源头减碳、过程降碳和末端用碳三个方面的技术路径,旨在为我国能源化工企业低碳发展探索方向.在源头减碳方面,通过调整产业结构和优化产品结构,从源头减少集团在生产过程中产生的二氧化碳排放;在过程降碳方...     

炼化企业碳流动与隐含碳排放分析

炼化企业是传统的能源和排放密集型行业,其低碳化发展对我国节能减排具有重要的意义。以物质流分析方法为基础,建立了企业内部碳流动分析模型。以国内某1 000万t/a大型炼化企业为例,分析了该企业2015年碳流动规律并计算了隐含碳排放量,预测了3种情景下该企业2016—2035年间的CO2减排趋势。结果表明,每加工1 t原油会产生82 kg的隐含碳排放;二次加工是隐含碳排放量最大的环节,约占总量的75.1%,其中,延迟焦化装置是隐含碳排放的主要工序,约占总量的42.8%;到2035年,3种情景下相对2015年可分别减少隐含碳排放11.7%、14.9%和19.6%。     

我国石化产业碳达峰、碳中和实现路径研究

石化产业节能降碳,既是行业自身转型的现实需要,也是服务全社会碳达峰、碳中和目标实现的重要一环.石化产业能耗总量大、化石能源消耗占比高且替代难度大、碳排放总量较高,2019年我国石化产业能耗总量约1.7亿吨标煤,碳排放总量约4.7亿吨.未来我国油品消费将较快达峰,但化工产品的消费量仍有一定时期的较大增长需求,在统筹经济社...     

炼油厂二氧化碳排放估算与分析

炼化企业是我国CO2重要排放源之一,鉴于《京都议定书》的签署以及我国在哥本哈根气候大会上做出的温室气体减排承诺,对我国炼化企业能耗状况、CO2排放情况进行研究,从而为炼化企业CO2的减排提供理论依据。以某炼厂为例,介绍了炼化企业二氧化碳的排放源和计算方法,对炼厂碳排放进行了估算和分析,并提出了有关建议。     

中国碳中和目标下CO2转化的思考与实践解析

在我国社会全面发展的当下,“低碳环保+绿色发展”成为我国社会发展的重要战略。全球变暖已经成为全世界关注的重要环境问题,地球是人们赖以生存的家园,全球变暖与温室效应,已经成为破坏地球生态环境的元凶。社会发展无法脱离碳排放,尤其是在绿色技术、绿色能源发展迟缓的年代,想要实现国家经济发展,就需要能源消耗。据调查,我国是世界上最大的二氧化碳排放国,排放量占全球约28%,我国也是世界上最大的能源消费国和温室气体排放国。本文将针对碳中和目标内涵进行详细分析,探究出中国碳中和目标下CO₂转化方法以及中国碳中和目标下CO₂转化实践策略。     

“双碳”背景下炼化企业低碳运营路径探讨

剖析典型炼化企业的碳排放特征,探讨炼化企业的低碳运营路径,并对未来炼厂的发展趋势进行展望。提出炼化企业可以通过提升氢效、炉效,降低生产过程碳排放,通过运营决策优化,不断挖掘碳分子价值,通过“去油增化”、差异发展,不断提升市场竞争力。探讨了以安全可靠、高效协同、灵活低碳为主要特征的未来炼厂发展趋势,以期为炼化企业的低碳发展提供参考和借鉴。     

关于水泥行业碳减排工作的几点看法

正一、水泥行业碳减排工作的形势分析水泥工业是国民经济中重要的基础产业,属于能源、资源密集型行业,煤炭消费量基数大,是碳排放大户,也是资源综合利用、发展低碳节能技术的重点对象。我国水泥产量连续近三十年来居世界第一,二氧化碳排放强度较高。水泥行业是我国工业二氧化碳减排的重点行业之一。CO_2属于温室气体,     

硫铝酸盐水泥碳排放核算

人类活动产生的温室气体引起气候异常已成为全球共识。水泥生产排放大量温室气体，2018年水泥生产碳排放占全球碳排放的8.7%。硫铝酸盐水泥由于原材料石灰石用量的减少和较低煅烧温度带来的碳排放比硅酸盐类水泥低的特点，在全球碳达峰和碳中和战略目标下，具有潜在的发展空间。基于生命周期评价理论与方法，建立了碳排放核算模型，对我国典型工艺生产1 t 42.5级硫铝酸盐水泥的碳排放进行了定量核算，同时与欧美等发达国家相关研究结果进行了比较，为水泥企业和行业制定碳减排、碳达峰路径及发展提供参考。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

Inorganic/organic nanocomposite coatings: The next step in coating performance

Inorganic/organic hybrid materials have considerable promise and are beginning to become a major area of research for many coating usages, including abrasion and corrosion resistance. Our primary approach is to prepare the inorganic phase in situ within the film formation process of the organic phase. The inorganic phase is introduced via sol-gel chemistry into a thermosetting organic phase. By this method, the size, periodicity, spatial positioning, and density of the inorganic phase can be controlled. An important aspect of the inorganic/organic hybrid materials is the coupling agent. The initial task of the coupling agent is to provide uniform mixing of the oligomeric organic phase with the sol-gel precursors, which are otherwise immiscible. UV-curable inorganic/organic hybrid systems have the advantages of a rapid cure and the ability to be used on heat sensitive substrates such as molded plastics. Also, it is possible to have better control of the growth of the inorganic phase using UV curing. It is our ultimate goal to completely separate the curing of inorganic and organic phases to gain complete control over the morphology, and hence optimization of “all” the coating properties. Thus far, it has been found that concomitant UV curing of the inorganic and organic phases using titanium sol-gel precursors afforded nanocomposite coatings which completely block the substrate from UV light while maintaining a transparent to visible light. Also, it has been found that the morphology of the inorganic phase is highly dependent on the concentration and reactivity of the coupling agent. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago, IL.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Some Large Wood-Boring Beetles in Southeastern USA

Ethanol and α-pinene were tested as attractants for large wood-boring pine beetles in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina in 2002–2004. Multiple-funnel traps baited with (−)-α-pinene (released at about 2 g/d at 25–28°C) were attractive to the following Cerambycidae: Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus rusticus nubilus, Asemum striatum, Monochamus titillator, Prionus pocularis, Xylotrechus integer, and X. sagittatus sagittatus. Buprestis lineata (Buprestidae), Alaus myops (Elateridae), and Hylobius pales and Pachylobius picivorus (Curculionidae) were also attracted to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. In many locations, ethanol synergized attraction of the cerambycids Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus r. nubilus, Monochamus titillator, and Xylotrechus s. sagittatus (but not Asemum striatum, Prionus pocularis, or Xylotrechus integer) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. Similarly, attraction of Alaus myops, Hylobius pales, and Pachylobius picivorus (but not Buprestis lineata) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene was synergized by ethanol. These results provide support for the use of traps baited with ethanol and (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common large wood-boring beetles from the southeastern region of the USA at ports-of-entry in other countries, as well as forested areas in the USA.