制备硬脂酸锑新方法

研究了以氧化锑、醋酸酐和硬脂酸为原料合成硬脂酸锑的新方法．本方法分２ 步反应进行：先合成醋酸锑，再利用醋酸锑合成硬脂酸锑．讨论了反应时间、反应温度、物料比对产率的影响；确定了制备硬脂酸锑的最佳工艺条件：反应温度为１４０ ℃，反应时间为４０ ｍｉｎ，物料比（ 氧化锑与硬脂酸的质量比）为０．１６∶１．与其它硬脂酸锑制备方法相比，本方法具有操作简单、成本低、产率高、无污染的特点．     

无毒增塑剂乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯的合成

用固体氯化物催化合成柠檬酸三丁酯,柠檬酸三丁酯和乙酸酐反应合成乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯。研究了催化剂用量、原料配比、反应温度、反应时间对合成反应的影响,确定了最佳工艺条件：（１）酯化反应：柠檬酸∶正丁醇为１∶３．５（ｍｏｌ）;反应温度为１３０℃;反应时间５ｈ,催化剂用量０．７％;（２）乙酰化反应：柠檬酸三丁酯∶乙酸酐为１∶１．６,反应温度为８５℃,反应时间为１ｈ,催化剂用量为０．０６％。酯化收率为９６．３％,乙酰化收率为９８．５％。     

TiSiW12O40／TiO2催化合成葡萄糖五异丁酸酯

报道了新型催化剂ＴｉＳｉＷ１２Ｏ４０／ＴｉＯ２催化酯化合成葡萄糖五异丁酸酯的糖酸比，催化剂用量，反应时间，反应温度褚因素对产率的影响。实验表明：ＴｉＳｉＷ１２Ｏ４０／ＴｉＯ２具有良好的催化活性，糖酸摩尔比为１：５．５，催化剂的用量为反应液的２％，酯化反应时间为２ｈ，反应温度１００￣１０５℃，反应产率可达８９．６％。     

菜籽油二乙醇酰胺的合成及性能的研究

本文确定了菜籽油二乙醇酰胺合成的工艺条件为：酯胺摩尔比为１：１．８，反应温度为１６０￣１６５℃，反应时间为５￣６ｈ，催化剂用量为０．５％，并对产品的表面活性进行了研究，测定了产品的表面张力、发泡性能、乳化性能等，为产品的应用提供了一些理论依据。     

新固体酸催化合成硬脂酸丁酯

硫酸钛经450℃焙烧制得一种新型固体酸，其表面存在Bronsted酸性中心。考察了该催化剂在硬脂酸丁酯合成反应中的催化性能，对影响酯化的条件进行了优化，优化条件如下：硬脂酸0．1mol，丁醇0.2mol，催化剂用量2．8％(基于硬脂酸的质量百分比)，反应温度140℃，反应时间60min。优化条件下，硬脂酸丁酯的产率97％以上。催化剂可重复使用多次。     

水性涂料防沉剂（Hdp—01）的研制

研制了一种水性涂料防沉剂,该防沉剂由苯乙烯与顺丁烯二酸酐在甲苯溶剂中共聚而成。通过正交试验确定优化工艺条件为：反应温度８０℃,反应时间４．５ｈ。苯乙烯与顺丁烯二酸酐质量比６．５：５,甲苯用量２５ｇ,引发剂用量０．１ｇ。     

乙二醇双硬脂酸酯双磺酸钠的合成及结构表征

运用两步法与正交试验法得出乙二醇双硬脂酸酯双磺酸钠合成的优化反应条件.磺化的工艺条件:n(硬脂酸):n(氯磺酸)=1:1.1,磺化温度90℃,时间7h;酯化反应较佳的工艺条件为:n(中间体):n(乙二醇)=2.5:1.0,酯化温度130℃,时间10h.中间体α-磺酸硬脂酸和目标产物乙二醇双硬脂酸酯双磺酸钠,均由红外光谱印证结构.     

水溶性壳聚糖与锌的络合

从是壳中提取制备壳聚糖,以ＮａＮＯ２作解聚剂将壳聚糖解聚成水溶性壳聚糖。用水溶性壳聚糖为材料进行锌离子的络合试验,结果表明：温度４０℃,ｐＨ４．０￣５．５,反应时间１．５ｈ为络合反应的最佳条件。     

1,6-二异丁酸己二酯的合成与表征

用一种新型的固体酸催化剂,合成了１,６－二异丁酸己二酯。反应温度１００℃以上,不需使用任何带水剂,直接分离反应生成的水,使反应的平衡向右移动,通过三因素三水平的正交试验并结合实际,反应的优化条件为：反应温度１３０℃,反应时间４．５ｈ,催化和量为酸质量的８％,酸与醇物质的量之比为２：１。固体酸催化剂可反复使用多次,保持较高的酯晔率。利用沸点法、ＩＲ、ＮＭＲ、ＭＳ对产品进行了鉴定。合成产品应用于免洗焊     

酶催化合成丁酸丁酯

以酶为催化剂，正丁醇与王丁酸一步反应可合成丁酸丁酯，本实验考察了不同类型的酶催化剂和普通催化剂、酶催化剂用量、醇酸摩尔比、反应温度、反应时间等因素对合成酯收率的影响．优化的反应条件：醇酸摩尔比为1．3：1．0，酶催化剂用量比为4．0％，反应时间为30min，反应温度为25—35℃，酯产率可达94．1％．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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