烧结铁矿中FeO含量对其在富氢高炉中还原行为的影响

Japan started the national project “COURSE 50” for CO₂ reduction in the 2000s. This project aimed to establish novel technologies to reduce CO₂ emissions with partially utilization of hydrogen in blast furnace-based ironmaking by 30% by around 2030 and use it for practical applications by 2050. The idea is that instead of coke, hydrogen is used as the reducing agent, leading to lower fossil fuel consumption in the process. It has been reported that the reduction behavior of hematite, magnetite, calcium ferrite, and slag in the sinter is different, and it is also considerably influenced by the sinter morphology. This study aimed to investigate the reduction behavior of sinters in hydrogen enriched blast furnace with different mineral morphologies in CO–CO₂–H₂ mixed gas. As an experimental sample, two sinter samples with significantly different hematite and magnetite ratios were prepared to compare their reduction behaviors. The reduction of wustite to iron was carried out at 1000, 900, and 800°C in a CO–CO₂–H₂ atmosphere for the mineral morphology-controlled sinter, and the following findings were obtained. The reduction rate of smaller amount of FeO led to faster increase of the reduction rate curve at the initial stage of reduction. Macro-observations of reduced samples showed that the reaction proceeded from the outer periphery of the sample toward the inside, and a reaction interface was observed where reduced iron and wustite coexisted. Micro-observations revealed three layers, namely, wustite single phase in the center zone of the sample, iron single phase in the outer periphery zone of the sample, and iron oxide-derived wustite FeO and iron, or calcium ferrite-derived wustite 'FeO' and iron in the reaction interface zone. A two-interface unreacted core model was successfully applied for the kinetic analysis of the reduction reaction, and obtained temperature dependent expressions of the chemical reaction coefficients from each mineral phases.     

Mg和La对Ca–Ti 处理钢中夹杂物演变和组织的影响

The evolution of inclusions and the formation of acicular ferrite (AF) in Ca–Ti treated steel was systematically investigated after Mg and La addition. The inclusions in the molten steel were Ca–Al–O, Ca–Al–Mg–O, and La–Mg–Ca–Al–O after Ca, Mg, and La addition, respectively. The type of oxide inclusion in the final quenched samples was the same as that in the molten steel. However, unlike those in molten steel, the inclusions were Ca–Al–Ti–O + MnS, Ca–Mg–Al–Ti–O + MnS, and La–Ca–Mg–Al–Ti–O + MnS in Mg-free, Mg-containing, and La-containing samples, respectively. The inclusions distributed dispersedly in the La-containing sample. In addition, the average size of the inclusions in the La-containing sample was the smallest, while the number density of inclusions was the highest. The size of effective inclusions (nucleus of AF formation) was mainly in the range of 1–3 μm. In addition, the content of ferrite side plates (FSP) decreased, while the percentage of AF increased by 16.2% due to the increase in the number of effective inclusions in the La-containing sample in this study.     

摩擦焊接碳钢（EN24）和镍基高温合金（IN718）的显微组织和力学性能

Continuous-drive rotary friction welding was performed to join cylindrical specimens of carbon steel (EN24) and nickel-based superalloy (IN718), and the microstructures of three distinct weld zones—the weld interface (WI)/thermo-mechanically affected zone (TMAZ), the heat-affected zone (HAZ), and the base metal—were examined. The joint was observed to be free of defects but featured uneven flash formation. Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) analysis showed substantial changes in high-angle grain boundaries, low-angle grain boundaries, and twin boundaries in the TMAZ and HAZ. Moreover, significant refinement in grain size (2–5 μm) was observed at the WI/TMAZ with reference to the base metal. The possible causes of these are discussed. The microhardness profile across the welded joint shows variation in hardness. The changes in hardness are ascribed to grain refinement, phase transformation, and the dissolution of strengthening precipitates. The tensile test results reveal that a joint efficiency of 100% can be achieved using this method.     

汽车暴露面板带有表面条状缺陷的夹杂物分布特征分析:一种定量电解方法

The specific distribution characteristics of inclusions along with the sliver defect were analyzed in detail to explain the formation mechanism of the sliver defect on the automobile exposed panel surface. A quantitative electrolysis method was used to compare and evaluate the three-dimensional morphology, size, composition, quantity, and distribution of inclusions in the defect and non-defect zone of automobile exposed panel. The Al₂O₃ inclusions were observed to be aggregated or chain-like shape along with the sliver defect of about 3–10 μm. The aggregation sections of the Al₂O₃ inclusions are distributed discretely along the rolling direction, with a spacing of 3–7 mm, a length of 6–7 mm, and a width of about 3 mm. The inclusion area part is 0.04%–0.16% with an average value of 0.08%, the inclusion number density is 40 mm?2 and the inclusion average spacing is 25.13 μm. The inclusion spacing is approximately 40–160 μm, with an average value of 68.76 μm in chain-like inclusion parts. The average area fraction and number density of inclusions in the non-defect region were reduced to about 0.002% and 1–2 mm?2, respectively, with the inclusion spacing of 400 μm and the size of Al₂O₃ being 1–3 μm.     

在酸性溶液中加压氧化三价砷离子和二价铁离子

The co-oxidation of As(III) and Fe(II) in acidic solutions by pressured oxygen was studied under an oxygen pressure between 0.5 and 2.0 MPa at a temperature of 150°C. It was confirmed that without Fe(II) ions, As(III) ions in the solutions are virtually non-oxidizable by pressured oxygen even at a temperature as high as 200°C and an oxygen pressure up to 2.0 MPa. Fe(II) ions in the solutions did have a catalysis effect on the oxidation of As(III), possibly attributable to the production of such strong oxidants as hydroxyl free radicals (OH·) and Fe(IV) in the oxidation process of Fe(II). The effects of such factors as the initial molar ratio of Fe(II)/As(III), initial pH value of the solution, oxygen pressure, and the addition of radical scavengers on the oxidation efficiencies of As(III) and Fe(II) were studied. It was found that the oxidation of As(III) was limited in the co-oxidation process due to the accumulation of the As(III) oxidation product, As(V), in the solutions.     

活化天然矿石选择性还原二氧化碳为无定形碳

Natural magnetite formed by the isomorphism substitutions of transition metals, including Fe, Ti, Co, etc., was activated by mechanical grinding followed by H₂ reduction. The temperature-programmed reduction of hydrogen (H₂-TPR) and temperature-programmed surface reaction of carbon dioxide (CO₂-TPSR) were carried out to investigate the processes of oxygen loss and CO₂ reduction. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The results showed that the stability of spinel phases and oxygen-deficient degree significantly increased after natural magnetite was mechanically milled and reduced in H₂ atmosphere. Meanwhile, the activity and selectivity of CO₂ reduction into carbon were enhanced. The deposited carbon on the activated natural magnetite was confirmed as amorphous. The amount of carbon after CO₂ reduction at 300°C for 90 min over the activated natural magnetite was 2.87wt% higher than that over the natural magnetite.     

含钛高炉炉渣微波合成碳化钛及其介电性能测定

The preparation of functional material titanium carbide by the carbothermal reduction of Ti-bearing blast furnace slag with microwave heating is an effective method for valuable metals recovery; it can alleviate the environmental pressure caused by slag stocking. The dynamic dielectric parameters of Ti-bearing blast furnace slag/pulverized coal mixture under high-temperature heating are measured by the cylindrical resonant cavity perturbation method. Combining the transient dipole and large π bond delocalization polarization phenomena, the interaction mechanism of the microwave macroscopic non-thermal effect on the titanium carbide synthesis reaction was revealed. The material thickness range during microwave heating was optimized by the joint analysis of penetration depth and reflection loss, which is of great significance to the design of the microwave reactor for the carbothermal reduction of Ti-bearing blast furnace slag.     

采用超声组装与滚压工艺制备铝–碳纳米管复合材料

This study introduced a novel fabrication of aluminum–carbon nanotube (CNT) composites by employing bulk acoustic waves and accumulative roll bonding (ARB). In this method, CNT particles were aligned using ultrasonic standing wave in an aqueous media, and the arrayed particles were precipitated on the aluminum plate substrate. Then, the plates rolled on each other through the ARB process with four passes. Optical and scanning electron micrographs demonstrated the effective aligning of CNTs on the aluminum substrate with a negligible deviation of arrayed CNTs through the ARB process. The X-ray diffraction pattern of the developed composites showed no peaks for carbon and aluminum carbide. In addition, tensile tests showed that the longitudinal strength of the specimens processed with aligned CNTs was significantly greater than that of the specimens with common randomly dispersed particles. The proposed technique is beneficial for the fabrication of Al–CNT composites with directional mechanical strength.     

金纳米球吸收光谱特性研究-尺寸对纳米粒子吸收光谱的影响

用Na3C6H5O7还原HAuCl4, 获得不同粒径的金纳米球, 观测粒子的UV/VIS吸收光谱,采用离散偶极子近似理论进行模拟, 探索纳米粒子的尺寸对吸收光谱的影响.     

酚降解菌的筛选及含酚废水处理研究

从土壤中分离得到可在含酚培养基上生长的细菌。通过菌种驯化,筛选出耐高浓度酚的菌株,在实验室条件下,进行对含酚废水的处理,其中部分菌株可分别在12～24小时内将1000毫克/升的苯酚完全去除。基质不同对酶活力大小有影响,在以苯酚为唯一碳源的基质中,多酚氧化酶活力最高。     

从东方医学发展史谈蒙医药发展前景

对东方各国主要医学进行分析研究，归纳总结日本医学、印度传统医学、斯里兰卡传统医学、泰国民间医学及阿拉伯医学的特点及研究概况的基础上阐明了蒙医药学的渊源及其突出特点，并提出发展蒙医药学的较系统的思路与建议，对蒙医药学的基础研究、临床研究、蒙药研究及其相关研究具有很好的参考意义。     

试析建国以来大学教学计划修订变革

回顾了自新中国成立以来我国大学教学计划的三种修订方式 :统一性大学教学计划、参考性大学教学计划、自主性大学教学计划 ;提出了当前我国大学教学计划修订的建设性意见。     

芳烃氨氧化反应催化剂载体的扩孔研究

研究了硅胶和氧化铝不同的扩孔方法 ,以其为载体制备氨氧化反应催化剂 ,并考察其催化性能。指出芳烃氨氧化反应催化剂载体应具有适宜的比表面积和较大的孔径 ,以利于提高催化剂的选择性     

论民初政党政治的畸形化

民初商品经济还不发达，社会结构分化和分工程度很低，没有产生独立的利益集团，使政党缺少必备的持久组织和社会基础，变成了寡头政党。为了仿效西方的民主政治而拼凑的民初政党，政党党纲不鲜明，党徒为争权夺利而入党的现象就在所难免，同时参政意识极差的国人不懂得规范认同，也使政党缺乏宽容敌党之精神，政党竞争全凭意气。畸形化的政党政治严重影响了国家的稳定与发展。     

浅论明代湖广宗藩的文化成就

有明一代,湖广是分封藩王数量最多的行省之一,先后有二十位亲王分封于湖广,其衍生的宗室更是举不胜举。这些宗室以皇室为保护伞,在地方上巧取豪夺,为所欲为,蚕食地方经济,扰乱地方秩序,危害民众安全,被顾炎武称为＂弃物＂。然宗室们也非一无是处,他们中亦涌现出不少的杰士俊才,虽在政治上无所作为,却对著书刻书、诗词歌赋,甚至艺术医学产生浓厚兴趣,潜心耕耘并成果卓著。     

网球运动员的心理状态

为了使网球运动员最大限度地发挥潜能，取得最佳的运动成绩，阐述了心理状态与比赛的关系，同时提出了训练建议。     

论节日在《水浒传》中的叙事意义

节日作为特有的时间符号,积淀着丰富的文化内涵.<水浒传>对节日作了大量的描写,书中的四次元宵节、三次中秋节在全书中有着重要的作用,其他节日如重阳节、端午节虽着墨不多,却对理解人物有所帮助.节日使<水浒传>故事与自然节律紧密地联系在一起.节日特有的风俗活动既展现人物的性格,又成为情节发展的重要转折点.     

五阶非线性对耦合光纤孤子传输特性影响的研究

运用变分法导出五阶非线性作用下孤子的参数演化方程组,研究五阶非线性耦合光纤中孤子的传输特性,讨论五阶非线性效应对孤子的振幅,频宽,啁啾,频率,中心位置及相位的影响.