Phototoxicity and cytotoxicity of fullerol in human lens epithelial cells

The water-soluble, hydroxylated fullerene [fullerol, nano-C60(OH)22-26] has several clinical applications including use as a drug carrier to bypass the blood ocular barriers. We have assessed fullerol's potential ocular toxicity by measuring its cytotoxicity and phototoxicity induced by UVA and visible light in vitro with human lens epithelial cells (HLE B-3). Accumulation of nano-C60(OH)22-26 in the cells was confirmed spectrophotometrically at 405 nm and cell viability estimated using MTS and LDH assays. Fullerol was cytotoxic to HLE B-3 cells maintained in the dark at concentrations higher than 20 microM. Exposure to either UVA or visible light in the presence of >5 microM fullerol-induced phototoxic damage. When cells were pretreated with non-toxic antioxidants: 20 microM lutein, 1 mM N-acetyl cysteine, or 1 mM l-ascorbic acid prior to irradiation, only the singlet oxygen quencher-lutein significantly protected against fullerol photodamage. Apoptosis was observed in lens cells treated with fullerol whether or not the cells were irradiated, in the order UVA>visible light>dark. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) showed that in the presence of the endogenous lens protein alpha-crystallin, large aggregates of fullerol were reduced. In conclusion, fullerol is both cytotoxic and phototoxic to human lens epithelial cells. Although the acute toxicity of water-soluble nano-C60(OH)22-26 is low, these compounds are retained in the body for long periods, raising concern for their chronic toxic effect. Before fullerols are used to deliver drugs to the eye, they should be tested for photo- and cytotoxicity in vivo.     

维甲酸对晶状体上皮细胞的作用

目的通过观察维甲酸(RA)对传代培养的人晶状体上皮细胞(hLECs)生长特性的影响,探讨RA抑制晶状体后囊混浊形成(PCO)的细胞学机制。方法选取第2~5代hLECs,利用倒置显微镜观察RA对细胞形态的影响;MTT法观察RA对细胞增殖的影响,计算RA对细胞增殖的抑制率;间接免疫荧光法观察RA对整合素β1表达阳性率和波形蛋白形态的影响。结果倒置显微镜下,1×10-8~1×10-6mol.L-1组上皮细胞增多,成纤维细胞减少,1×10-5mol.L-1组2种细胞都减少;MTT法显示,1×10-7~1×10-5mol.L-1组细胞增殖受抑制,抑制作用呈剂量、时间依赖性(F检验,P<0.05),抑制率在10.8%~32.0%。1×10-6~1×10-5mol.L-1组整合素β1表达明显增高(x2检验,P<0.05),1×10-7~1×10-5mol.L-1组波形蛋白在细胞内铺展较均匀。结论RA具有抑制传代细胞增殖的作用,但表现为抑制成纤维细胞和促进上皮细胞二者作用的总和,只是抑制作用远远大于促进作用。RA抑制PCO的功能,可能是通过整合素途径来实现的。     

磷酸肌苷钠对人晶状体上皮细胞的保护作用

目的考察磷酸肌苷钠(sodium inosinmonophosphate,IMP-NA)对过氧化氢(H2O2)诱导的人晶状体上皮细胞SRA01/04(human lens epithelial cells SRA01/04,HLEC SRA01/04)损伤的保护作用,为IMP-NA治疗白内障疾病提供科学依据。方法采用MTT法建立H2O2诱导的HLECSRA01/04氧化损伤模型,根据相应量-效曲线确定H2O2模型的最佳作用浓度及作用时间,同时进行一般形态学观察。考察IMP-NA对HLEC SRA01/04的保护作用。酶联免疫法检测IMP-NA调控凋亡相关基因Bcl-2和Bax的表达情况。结果 H2O2损伤模型最优条件下为最佳作用浓度200μmol.L-1、作用时间24 h,与H2O2处理组比较,浓度为0.1、1.0、10.0、100.0μmol.L-1IMP-NA可显著提高HLEC SRA01/04的存活率(P<0.05)。酶联免疫结果显示,IMP-NA在浓度为1.0～100.0μmol.L-1内显著上调Bcl-2基因的表达、下调Bax基因的表达(P<0.01)。结论 IMP-NA对H2O2诱导的HLEC SRA01/04氧化损伤具有一定的保护作用,其作用机制可能与调控凋亡相关基因Bcl-2和Bax的表达情况有关。     

The effect of high concentration and exposure duration of nanoceria on human lens epithelial cells

Nanotechnology has the potential for treating diseases and conditions of ageing. The eye is particularly vulnerable, because chronic pathologies can lead to sight loss. Human lens epithelial cells were exposed to 10, 20, and 100 μg/mL of negatively charged nanoceria for 48 and 72 hours; DNA damage and cell growth were assessed. Concentrations up to 100 μg/mL for 48 hours did not cause measurable genotoxic effects. For exposures of 72 hours, concentrations above 10 μg/mL showed small but statistically significant differences in DNA damage from negative controls. All treated samples were less damaged than positive controls. Cell growth, monitored for up to 7 days, did not show deviations in cell morphology or growth between treated and untreated samples. Whereas time of exposure may have greater effect than dosage, indicating potential for genotoxicity at higher exposures, human lens epithelial cells can sustain normal growth when exposed to concentrations of nanoceria of up to 100 μg/mL. From the Clinical Editor: Human lens epithelial cells were exposed to various concentrations of negatively charged nanoceria for 48 and 72 hours to assess DNA damage and cell growth. The authors demonstrate that epithelial cells can sustain normal growth when exposed to concentrations of up to 100 μg/mL, with time of exposure having a greater effect than dosage, indicating potential genotoxicity at higher exposures.     

Acrolein-induced cytotoxicity in cultured human bronchial epithelial cells. Modulation by alpha-tocopherol and ascorbic acid

Acrolein is a highly reactive unsaturated hazardous air pollutant of human health concern, particularly as a component of cigarette smoke. In this study, the mechanisms of acrolein-induced cytotoxicity in human bronchial epithelial cells (HBE1) and the modulating effects of antioxidants were examined. Our results show that acrolein induces a cell death pathway in human bronchial epithelial cells, which retain key features of apoptosis, as indicated by phosphatidylserine (PS) externalization and DNA fragmentation. Acrolein-induced apoptosis was associated with depletion of cellular GSH and intracellular generation of oxidants. Supplementation of cells with either alpha-tocopherol or ascorbic acid was found to strongly inhibit acrolein-induced apoptosis and to prevent the increase in the generation of intracellular oxidants, although GSH depletion was unaffected. Moreover, recovery of cellular GSH levels after acrolein exposure was enhanced following either alpha-tocopherol or ascorbic acid supplementation. The intracellular generation of oxidants following acrolein exposure seems to be an important event triggering the apoptotic response in this model system.     

Effect of protocatechualdehyde on receptor for advanced glycation end products and TGF-beta1 expression in human lens epithelial cells cultured under diabetic conditions and on lens opacity in streptozotocin-diabetic rats

Advanced glycation end products and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) have been implicated in the development of diabetic complications such as cataract. The diverse metabolic effects of protocatechualdehyde (PCA, 3, 4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde) include the inhibition of aldose reductase and oxidation, two processes that are involved in the development of complications in diabetic patients. Here, the potential therapeutic effects of PCA in the treatment of diabetic complications were studied by determining this compound's ability to inhibit the formation of advanced glycation end products-bovine serum albumin (BSA) and the expression of receptor for advanced glycation end products and TGF-beta1 in human lens epithelial cells cultured under diabetic conditions. In addition, the ability of PCA to suppress lens opacification in streptozotocin-diabetic rats was analyzed. PCA significantly reduced advanced glycation end products-BSA formation in vitro and was more effective than aminoguanidine. In human lens epithelial cells, PCA significantly inhibited the induction of receptor for advanced glycation end products protein and mRNA expression by the receptor for advanced glycation end products-specific ligand S100b. Moreover, PCA inhibited high glucose- or S100b-induced TGF-beta1 protein and mRNA expression as well as nuclear accumulation of phosphorylated Smad2/3. In streptozotocin-induced diabetic cataract in rats, oral administration of PCA (25 mg/kg body weight) for 8 weeks significantly ameliorated the development of lens opacity (cataract) with effect on glycemic control. These results suggest that PCA is of therapeutic interest with respect to the prevention of diabetic complications such as diabetic cataract.     

Modulation of chemotherapy-induced cytotoxicity in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells by caffeine and chlorogenic acid

Chemotherapy is an important treatment modality for malignancy but is limited by significant toxicity and it susceptibility to numerous drug interactions. While the interacting effects with medications are well known, there is limited evidence on the interaction with commonly consumed food and natural products. The aim of this study was to evaluate the bioactive constituents of coffee (caffeine and chlorogenic acid) on the cytotoxicity of doxorubicin, gemcitabine, and paclitaxel in vitro. Pretreatment with caffeine (100?nM and 10?μM) sensitized SH-SY5Y cells to doxorubicin-induced toxicity and increased apoptosis and sensitized PC3 cells to gemcitabine-induced toxicity. Pretreatment with 10?μM caffeine decreased total cell reactive oxygen species (ROS) production but increased mitochondrial ROS production. In contrast, caffeine (10?nM and 10?μM) protected cells against gemcitabine-induced toxicity and apoptosis. Similarly, 1?μM and 10?μM caffeine protected cells against paclitaxel-induced toxicity and mitochondrial ROS production. Chlorogenic acid had no effect on chemotherapy-induced toxicity in SH-SY5Y cells. In conclusion, this study provides preliminary evidence that caffeine, not chlorogenic acid, modulates the cytotoxicity of doxorubicin, gemcitabine, and paclitaxel in SH-SY5Y cells via different mechanisms.     

微小 RNA-595在人晶状体上皮细胞凋亡中的调控作用

目的 探讨微小RNA-595(miR-595)在年龄相关性白内障晶状体组织中的表达情况及其对人晶状体上皮细胞凋亡的影响与机制.方法 收集年龄相关性白内障病人晶状体前囊膜组织(白内障组)及正常供体眼球晶状体前囊膜组织(健康组)标本,以H2O2诱导构建人晶状体上皮细胞SRA01/04凋亡模型(H2O2组),并以正常培养的SRA01/04细胞作为对照(对照组),采用实时荧光定量PCR检测miR-595的表达改变.将体外培养的SRA01/04细胞分为mimics-NC组、miR-595 mimics组、inhibitor-NC组和miR-595 inhibitor组,将miR-595 mimics/inhibitor及其阴性对照mimics/inhibitor-NC转染至SRA01/04细胞后,采用实时荧光定量PCR检测检测各组细胞中miR-595的表达情况;转染48 h后暴露于200μmol/L H2O21 h,采用流式细胞仪检测各组细胞凋亡率,免疫印迹法检测细胞中B细胞淋巴瘤-2(Bcl-2)蛋白的表达水平;采用双荧光素酶报告基因实验检测miR-595和Bcl-2的靶向关系.结果 与健康组相比,白内障组中miR-595表达水平明显升高[(5.52±1.64)比(1.00±0.00),P<0.05];同时,H2O2组细胞中miR-595表达水平明显高于对照组[(3.86±1.12)比(1.00±0.00),P<0.05].与mimics-NC组比较,miR-595 mimics组细胞中miR-595表达水平[(4.16±0.78)比(1.00±0.00)]、细胞凋亡率[(17.52±3.05)％比(8.86±1.21)％]明显升高,而Bcl-2蛋白的表达水平明显降低(P<0.05);但miR-595 inhibitor组细胞中miR-595表达水平、细胞凋亡率明显低于inhibitor-NC组,而Bcl-2蛋白的表达水平明显高于inhibitor-NC组(P<0.05).Bcl-2是miR-595的靶基因.结论 miR-595在年龄相关性白内障晶状体组织中高表达,并靶向调控Bcl-2表达促进人晶状体上皮细胞凋亡.     

Phototoxicity and cytotoxicity of fullerol in human retinal pigment epithelial cells

The water-soluble nanoparticle hydroxylated fullerene [fullerol, nano-C₆₀(OH)_22-26] has several clinical applications including use as a drug carrier to bypass the blood ocular barriers. We have previously found that fullerol is both cytotoxic and phototoxic to human lens epithelial cells (HLE B-3) and that the endogenous antioxidant lutein blocked some of this phototoxicity. In the present study we have found that fullerol induces cytotoxic and phototoxic damage to human retinal pigment epithelial cells. Accumulation of nano-C₆₀(OH)_22-26 in the cells was confirmed spectrophotometrically at 405 nm, and cell viability, cell metabolism and membrane permeability were estimated using trypan blue, MTS and LDH assays, respectively. Fullerol was cytotoxic toward hRPE cells maintained in the dark at concentrations higher than 10 μM. Exposure to an 8.5 J·cm^− 2 dose of visible light in the presence of > 5 μM fullerol induced TBARS formation and early apoptosis, indicating phototoxic damage in the form of lipid peroxidation. Pretreatment with 10 and 20 μM lutein offered some protection against fullerol photodamage. Using time resolved photophysical techniques, we have now confirmed that fullerol produces singlet oxygen with a quantum yield of Φ = 0.05 in D₂O and with a range of 0.002-0.139 in various solvents. As our previous studies have shown that fullerol also produces superoxide in the presence of light, retinal phototoxic damage may occur through both type I (free radical) and type II (singlet oxygen) mechanisms. In conclusion, ocular exposure to fullerol, particularly in the presence of sunlight, may lead to retinal damage.     

Sodium nitrite-induced cytotoxicity in cultured human gastric epithelial cells.

To investigate the effect of sodium nitrite on the viability of the human gastric adenocarcinoma epithelial cell line, AGS, cultured AGS cells were exposed to various concentrations of sodium nitrite for 24, 48 or 72 h. The cytotoxic response was assessed using a cell proliferation assay, and the extent of the response was evaluated on the basis of intracellular and extracellular levels of interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta), interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 8 (IL-8) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha). Both mRNA and protein levels were measured for each cytokine. Sodium nitrite had a significant effect on AGS cell proliferation after a 72-h exposure. At low sodium nitrite concentrations (up to 6.25 mM), cell proliferation increased in a dose-dependent manner; however, exposure to higher concentrations resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in cell proliferation. Sodium nitrite at a low concentration (6.25 mM) increased IL-8 release, whereas IL-1 beta, IL-6, and TNF-alpha release increased only after exposure to high sodium nitrite concentration (25 mM). Our data demonstrate that sodium nitrite can induce the release of these inflammatory cytokines and that high concentrations of sodium nitrite decrease AGS cell proliferation.     

异补骨脂素防护人晶状体上皮细胞的凋亡

目的:探讨异补骨脂素(ISR)对氧化损伤的人晶状体上皮细胞(HLEC-B3)凋亡有无抑制作用.方法:本研究在终浓度300μmol/L H_2O_2培养液中复制HLEC-B3凋亡模型,并以雌二醇(E_2)作为阳性对照,在透射电子显微镜下观察HLEC-B_3超微结构的改变,采用FCM法检测HLEC-B_3凋亡率及线粒体膜电位的变化.结果:超微结构研究显示,H_2O_2组绝大多数HLEC-B_3发生凋亡,并呈凋亡各期改变的全过程;E_2、ISR组仅少数HLEC-B_3发生凋亡,并多为早期或中期的轻微改变.FCM结果显示:H_2O_2组HLEC凋亡率显著高于空白对照组;E_2和ISR组凋亡率均低于H_2O_2组(P<0.01).H_2O_2,组线粒体跨膜电位比对照组显著下降;E_2组和ISR组的线粒体跨膜电位均比H_2O_2组升高(P<0.01).结论:ISR可减轻实验性氧化损伤的HLEC-B2凋亡程度,为寻求防治老年性白内障的药物提供实验依据.     

白藜芦醇抑制晶体上皮细胞生长与诱导细胞凋亡的实验研究

目的 探讨白藜芦醇(Res)对晶体上皮细胞体外增殖的影响,观察Res诱导晶体上皮细胞凋亡的作用.方法 用不同浓度的Res处理晶体上皮细胞,用四甲基偶氮唑蓝(MTT)比色法检测白藜芦醇对晶体上皮细胞增殖的影响,通过HE染色、电子显微镜、原位末端标记法(TUNEL)和流式细胞仪Annexin V荧光染色,观察细胞的形态学改变,并定量检测细胞凋亡.结果:Res抑制了晶体上皮细胞的生长与增殖(P＜0.01),呈浓度依赖性反应;Res能明显诱导晶体上皮细胞凋亡,对照组与100μmol/L、200μmol/L Res处理24h后的细胞凋亡率分别为4.67%、17.31%、32.77%.结论 Res能通过诱导晶体上皮细胞凋亡而抑制其生长与增殖,该研究为进一步探讨Res在白内障术后后囊膜混浊发生的防治提供了一定的实验依据.     

Effect of magnesium deficiency on intracellular ATP levels in human lens epithelial cells

Cataractous lenses have an altered distribution of the intracellular ionic environment, and the lens ionic imbalance with increased levels of calcium (Ca2+) and sodium (Na+), coupled with decreased levels of magnesium (Mg2+) and potassium (K+), is related to cataract development in human senile cataracts. We previously found that the decrease of ATP in lenses caused lens ionic imbalance, and probably decrease in ATPase function. In this study, we investigated the effect of Mg2+ deficiency on cataract progression using human lens epithelial (HLE) cells. Expression levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA in HLE cells were significantly greater in Mg2+-deficient medium (Mg2+ 0.021 mM) than in normal Mg2+ medium (Mg2+ 0.77 mM). The NO release from the HLE cells cultured with Mg2+-deficient medium also increased. On the other hand, the ATP levels in HLE cells 24 h after incubation with Mg2+-deficient medium were lower than that with normal Mg2+ medium. The Ca2+- and Na+/K+-ATPase activities in HLE cells until 24 h incubation with normal Mg2+ or Mg2+-deficient medium did not change. Both diethyldithiocarbamate 10 microM and aminoguanidine 250 microM attenuated the increase of NO release, and caused an increase in ATP levels in HLE cells 24 h after incubation with Mg2+-deficient medium. These results suggest that Mg2+ deficiency enhances NO production via iNOS in the lens. It is possible that the excessive production of NO cause the decrease of ATP levels. These results show that Mg2+ deficiency in the lens may cause an acceleration of the progression of lens opacification.     

聚乙二醇修饰聚酰胺-胺的合成、表征及其人角膜上皮细胞毒性

目的:研究不同相对分子质量聚乙二醇(PEG)修饰不同代数树枝状大分子聚酰胺-胺(PAM-AM)得到的产物,测定其对人体角膜上皮细胞(HCECs)的毒性。方法:采用硝基苯氯甲酸酯(p-NPC)将单甲氧基聚乙二醇(mPEG,相对分子质量为750,2 000,5 000)活化成PEG碳酸酯,对第4,5代PAMAM大分子进行修饰;目标产物用FT-IR、1H-NMR进行结构表征;采用WST-8法考察PEG修饰对PAMAM的人角膜上皮细胞(HCECs)毒性的影响。结果:PAMAM经较低浓度PEG修饰后,对HCECs的毒性减弱不明显,经较高浓度PEG修饰后,对HCECs减毒明显减弱,不同相对分子质量的PEG修饰对PAMAM的减毒作用无明显差异。结论:经PEG修饰后,可以降低PAMAM对HCECs的毒性,作为新型眼部给药载体具有良好的前景。     

靶向Ccndl基因的siRNA对大鼠晶状体上皮细胞增殖的抑制作用

目的 探讨靶向Cendl基因小干扰RNA(siRNA)对培养的大鼠晶状体上皮细胞(LECs)Ccndl mRNA和周期蛋白D1表达及细胞增殖的抑制作用.方法 合成3条靶向大鼠Ccndl基因的siRNA(si-Ccndl-1,si-Ccndl-2,si-Ccndl一3),LipofectamineTM2000转染体外培养的大鼠LECs,应用RT-PCR和Western blot方法分别检测Ccndl mRNA和周期蛋白D1表达变化,筛选最有效siRNA序列.MTT法连续测定转染最有效siRNA序列后24、48、72、96和120 h细胞增殖情况.结果 与对照组相比,3条siRNA均能不同程度地抑制Ccndl mRNA和周期蛋白D1的表达,以si-Ccndl-3最为有效(P<0.05).与对照组比较,si-Ccndl-3转染后24 h开始明显发挥对细胞增殖的抑制作用,并持续至120 h以后(P<0.05).结论 靶向Ccndl的siRNA能有效降低大鼠LECsCcndl mRNA和周期蛋白D1蛋白表达,抑制LECs增殖.     

纤溶酶对兔晶状体摘除术后前房炎症及晶状体上皮细胞的抑制作用

目的探讨纤溶酶对兔晶状体摘除术后前房炎症反应及晶状体上皮细胞（LECs）的抑制作用机制。方法将健康4月龄新西兰大白兔20只随机分为对照组和实验组,每组10只。2组均行晶状体超声乳化摘除术,术毕对照组给予0.2ml 0.9%氯化钠注射液前房内注射,实验组给予注射用纤溶酶1U前房注射。分别于术后1、3、7、14、30、60d进行眼部裂隙灯检查,观察前房炎症反应及后囊膜混浊（PCO）的发生时间、程度及发生率。60d时眼球标本HE染色,光镜下观察后囊膜上的LECs的形态及角膜、视网膜形态。结果前房炎症：术后1d 2组所有术眼出现前房炎症;术后3d和7d实验组前房炎症发生率较对照组低（P〈0.05）;术后7d对照组6眼存在前房炎症实验组术眼前房炎性反应消失（P〈0.01）。2组前房炎性反应消退时间差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。PCO程度及发生率：实验组术后14d,对照组术后7d出现PCO。术后60d时PCO发生率差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。PCO的混浊程度评分差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。HE染色：实验组后囊膜中央区上LECs稀少,呈单层排列。对照组后囊膜中央区和赤道部均可见多层增生的LECs以及大量的胶原纤维附着。2组角膜、视网膜各层结构完整。结论纤溶酶可以有减轻前房炎症反应,纤溶酶可以抑制晶状体上皮细胞增殖。     

The protective effect of beta-casomorphin-7 via promoting Foxo1 activity and nuclear translocation in human lens epithelial cells

Purpose: To investigate the protective effect of beta-casomorphin-7 (β-CM-7) in oxidative stressed human lens epithelial cells (HLECs) and to explore the possible mechanism for oxidative stress in HLECs induced by high glucose.

Methods: We used HLECs to determine the effect of different concentrations of β-CM-7 on cell viability by 3-(4, 5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2, 5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolimol/L bromide (MTT) assay. We used flow cytometry to determine the content of reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by oxidative stress and a bioassay kit to determine the oxidant malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels. We used Western blotting and an immunofluorescence assay to determine the expression of Forkhead box o1 (Foxo1), SP1, and the related protein glutathione peroxidase (GSH-px) at the molecular biology level as well as their intracellular localization.

Results: The expression of Foxo1 and SP1 was weakly expressed when the glucose concentration was 40?mM/L, but was highly expressed when cells were pre-treated with an appropriate concentration of β-CM-7. After pre-treatment with β-CM-7, the cells treated with 40?mM/L glucose for 48?h showed Foxo1 was transferred to the nucleus, and the expression of SP1 was increased. The content of ROS and MDA in the HLECs that were pre-treated with β-CM-7 was lower than in those that was not pre-treated (p?<0.05). Accordingly, SOD was elevated in the cells pre-treated with β-CM-7. The relative expression of GSH-px increased with increases of Foxo1 and SP1.

Conclusion: β-CM-7 protects HLECs from oxidative damage by upregulating the relative expression of Foxo1 and promoting Foxo1 nuclear translocation.     

绿原酸对佐剂性关节炎模型大鼠抗炎作用及机制研究

目的探讨绿原酸对佐剂性关节炎模型动物抗炎作用及机制。方法采用大鼠足跖注射Freund's完全佐剂形成佐剂性关节炎(AA),随机分为空白对照组、模型组、阳性对照组(尼美舒利)、绿原酸低剂量组(25 mg·kg-1)、中剂量组(50 mg·kg-1)和高剂量组(100 mg·kg-1)。观察绿原酸对佐剂性关节炎模型大鼠超敏反应与左右足跖宽度、血清肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-2(IL-2)、循环免疫复合物(CIC)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)和丙二醛(MDA)的含量。结果绿原酸中剂量组(50 mg·kg-1)、高剂量组(100 mg·kg-1)能够降低含量,升高SOD和GSH-Px水平,比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论绿原酸具有抗佐剂性关节炎(AA)的作用,并通过降低TNF-α、IL-2、CIC和MDA含量及提高抗氧化能力发挥作用。