一种基于距离变换的标记分水岭棒材断面图像计数法

本文采用粒度测定法实现棒材断面图像中等效半径的估计,首先通过距离变换结合形态学分水岭算法将各断面隔离到子图像内,再由局部最佳阈值自适应分割法对各分块子图像细分割;其次采用基于距离变换的标记分水岭算法实现棒材特别是粘连棒材的分离,并对误标记区域剔除校正;最后对棒材断面内过分割区域进行融合。实验表明:对不同半径的棒材断面图像,该法具有良好的自适应性,实现较准确的计数。     

棒材在线视觉点支计数系统

棒材（螺纹钢、圆钢）生产需按照国际标准定支数包装，因此必须在棒材的生产线的精整段对棒材进行在线点支，国外的棒材生产线一般采用机械计数装置。但机械计数装置不适合我国棒材厂普遍采用的成批剪切工艺，国内棒材厂基本上都是采用人工点支计数。中南大学与涟源钢铁集团有限公司联合研究的棒材在线视觉点支计数系统于2003年10月在涟钢第二棒材厂投入使用。     

一种手持式棒材计数仪的设计

目前轧钢厂生产的棒材在进行计数成捆打包时,大多数采用人工计数的方式。这种人工计数的方式不但工作效率低下,而且还容易出错。为提高轧钢厂的装备水平和工作效率,提出一种手持式棒材计数仪的设计。该棒材计数仪在前端对棒材进行计数,并通过无线通信方式将数据传输到后台;后台实时对前端的数据进行统计,并在统计数据满时发出警报,具有较高的实用性。     

基于机器视觉棒材复检计数系统

在棒材的生产过程中,为了减轻工人劳动强度,提高生产效率,采用非接触式方法对棒材进行复检计数.利用工业CCD对棒材端面进行拍摄,通过数字图像处理技术对图像进行中值滤波、二值化、BLOB处理,提取棒材端面特征并计数.     

一种新型的棒材在线计数方案

螺纹钢筋(棒材类)的自动计数是国内尚未完全解决的一重要课题,也是钢厂生产实践中迫切需要解决的难题之一.为了实现在线棒材的定支打捆,提出了一种新的方案.该棒材计数器将计数分为计数前的预处理、计数和分离三个步骤来实现棒材的定制打捆.     

成捆特钢棒材端面字符识别算法研究

为实现特钢棒材生产信息的全流程可追溯,分析特钢棒材生产环境及形状特点,采用基于双标志点的标记方案进行标记并利用机器视觉技术实现成捆特钢端面字符的识别。首先,采用Hough变换将成捆特钢棒材端面图像分割成单根;其次,采用基于小波变换的图像增强算法完成单根特钢棒材端面图像的增强;再次,将MSER算法和边缘检测算法相结合完成单根特钢棒材字符区域的检测,并基于投影法完成字符的分割;最后,通过创建和训练SVM分类器完成每一根特钢棒材端面字符识别,并将成捆特钢棒材端面字符识别结果输出保存。结果表明,新算法可以满足成捆特钢棒材生产过程中字符识别要求,字符识别准确率可达到97.35%。新算法将Hough变换、基于小波变换的图像增强算法、MSER算法、边缘检测算法、投影法及SVM分类器等算法融合到特钢棒材端面字符识别过程中,为特钢棒材生产过程中的信息获取、信息传递及信息追溯的技术实现提供了参考。     

流水线多目标跟踪的点匹配投票校正算法

针对工业视觉检测系统中流水线多目标实时跟踪问题,提出一种目标中心点快速匹配方法与目标图像水平投影曲线投票校正技术相融合的多目标跟踪算法。其过程是:利用多个目标在连续帧图像中的整体分布的稳定性进行整体匹配,得到多点匹配的一一映射关系;针对局部目标的晃动、跳动问题,利用目标图像水平投影曲线,采用投票校正技术消除局部运动所带来的误差,对映射关系进行校正。该算法应用于某钢铁厂的棒材计数系统,有效地排除了复杂环境下多目标跟踪时的误识别、漏识别和位置交叉的问题,保证了计数的准确性与快速性,当目标数小于50时,跟踪时间小于1 ms。     

实时高速棒材图像的识别与跟踪

针对高速生产线上棒材计数困难的问题,使用线扫描相机采集运动棒材图像,利用Blob分析算法识别出棒材端面的质心坐标,并计算其面积大小;利用图像帧间数据联系开发出一种启发式跟踪方法跟踪棒材端面运动.在实验室环境下,开发出高速实时棒材识别与跟踪的硬件与软件系统.首先搭建了硬件平台,确定了硬件的系统参数,而后基于Visual ...     

棒材自动计数方法研究

目前的棒材自动计数方法包括在线棒材的自动计数和棒材的图像计数,它们的采集、处理方法有各自的特点。本文对比分析了这两种方法,指出了它们各自的优缺点,并提出了发展方向。     

不规则类圆形团块目标图像识别的新方法

针对类圆形目标图像识别方法的不足,以轧钢厂成捆棒材图像为实例,提出了不规则类圆形团块目标模式识别新方法,设计了边缘检测、中心增强和重心聚合等一系列算法,以实现计算机对类圆形目标图像的自动识别与检测.研究结果表明:以新算法为核心技术的软件能够对直径为12～40 cm的棒材进行计数,点支准确的捆精度达到99%,且每捆计数时问少于3 s.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-