十二指肠恶性肿瘤的MSCT诊断

目的 探讨MSCT对十二指肠恶性肿瘤的诊断价值.方法 回顾性分析30例经病理证实的十二指肠恶性肿瘤的MSCT表现.结果 十二指肠腺癌27例,间质瘤2例,类癌1例.腺癌以肿块(11/27)或肠壁增厚(16/27)为主;间质瘤2例均呈肿块状;类癌1例为肠壁增厚.30例病变CT平扫均为等密度或稍低密度,23例腺癌(23/26)呈轻中度强化,2例间质瘤明显强化,1例类癌中度强化.9例累及胰头,5例累及肠系膜上动静脉和/或下腔静脉5例腹腔和/或腹膜后淋巴结转移;1例双肺转移.结论 MSCT可对十二指肠恶性肿瘤进行定性诊断,对临床制订治疗方案和预后的评估有很大帮助.     

CT在原发性十二指肠恶性肿瘤诊断中的价值

目的:探讨CT在原发性十二指肠恶性肿瘤中的诊断及鉴别诊断价值。方法:回顾性分析36例经手术病理证实的原发性十二指肠恶性肿瘤患者的CT检查资料,并与手术病理结果进行对照。结果:36例原发性十二指肠恶性肿瘤中十二指肠腺癌30例,恶性间质瘤3例,恶性淋巴瘤1例,神经内分泌癌2例。十二指肠腺癌CT表现为十二指肠局部软组织肿块影,伴肠腔不规则狭窄;恶性间质瘤CT表现多为较大软组织肿块,有明显强化,肿块多腔外生长;恶性淋巴瘤CT表现肿瘤累及肠管范围较长,肠壁增厚明显,呈轻-中度强化,但肠梗阻症状不明显;神经内分泌癌CT表现软组织肿块或结节影,强化较明显。结论:CT检查对原发性十二指肠恶性肿瘤有重要的诊断价值及鉴别诊断价值。     

十二指肠恶性肿瘤的CT诊断与鉴别诊断

目的　探讨十二指肠恶性肿瘤的CT诊断与鉴别诊断。方法　回顾性分析 2 0例手术病理证实的十二指肠恶性肿瘤的CT平扫和增强资料。结果　原发十二指肠恶性肿瘤 8例 ,其中十二指肠腺癌 3例 ,恶性淋巴瘤 2例 ,恶性间质瘤 3例 ;十二指肠继发性恶性肿瘤 12例 ,其中壶腹癌 3例 ,胰头癌 8例 ,胰腺无功能性神经内分泌癌 1例。十二指肠腺癌CT表现为肠腔局限性不规则环状狭窄伴软组织肿块 ,增强扫描肿块有中度强化 ;恶性淋巴瘤的特点是长范围的肠壁增厚或肠腔外肿块 ,增强扫描肿块有轻度强化 ;恶性间质瘤的特点是巨大软组织肿块伴明显、不均匀强化 ,肠梗阻不明显。壶腹癌表现为十二指肠降部内侧壁的局限性肿块 ,增强有轻中度强化 ,伴肝内外胆管扩张 ;胰头癌累及十二指肠表现为十二指肠内侧壁凹凸不平 ,邻近的胰头部肿块 ,增强扫描不强化 ,伴肝内外胆管扩张 ;胰腺无功能性神经内分泌癌侵及十二指肠表现为胰头部巨大肿块伴明显强化 ,肝内外胆管不扩张 ,肿块与十二指肠分界不清。结论　CT检查对十二指肠恶性肿瘤有重要的诊断和鉴别诊断价值。     

多层螺旋CT鉴别胃常见恶性肿瘤的意义

目的 回顾性分析胃常见恶性肿瘤的CT表现,探讨MSCT鉴别胃常见恶性肿瘤的意义.资料与方法 经手术病理证实的49例恶性胃肿瘤患者术前常规行MSCT增强扫描.两位放射科医师采用盲法对CT图像进行分析,评价病灶浸润胃壁的程度,病变处胃壁厚度,病灶累及范围,周围淋巴结肿大以及病变强化程度.结果 49例中,29例(59.1%)为腺癌,8例(16.3%)为淋巴瘤,12例(24.5%)为恶性间质瘤.腺癌主要表现为局限胃壁增厚或弥漫性浸润伴黏膜强化.淋巴瘤表现为局限于黏膜和黏膜下层的多区域侵犯,伴胃壁明显增厚和周围肿大淋巴结.恶性间质瘤的特征为突出于胃壁外的巨大肿块.结论 根据胃壁受累程度及侵犯区域,MSCT有助于鉴别三种较常见的胃恶性肿瘤.     

The value of CT in diagnosing primary malignant duodenal tumors

目的:探讨CT在原发性十二指肠恶性肿瘤中的诊断及鉴别诊断价值.方法:回顾性分析36例经手术病理证实的原发性十二指肠恶性肿瘤患者的CT检查资料,并与手术病理结果进行对照.结果:36例原发性十二指肠恶性肿瘤中十二指肠腺癌30例,恶性问质瘤3例,恶性淋巴瘤1例,神经内分泌癌2例.十二指肠腺癌CT表现为十二指肠局部软组织肿块影,伴肠腔不规则狭窄;恶性问质瘤CT表现多为较大软组织肿块,有明显强化,肿块多腔外生长;恶性淋巴瘤CT表现肿瘤累及肠管范围较长,肠壁增厚明显,呈轻一中度强化,但肠梗阻症状不明显;神经内分泌癌CT表现软组织肿块或结节影,强化较明显.结论:CT检查对原发性十二指肠恶性肿瘤有重要的诊断价值及鉴别诊断价值.     

回盲部病变的MSCT鉴别诊断

目的:探讨回盲部病变的CT表现特点及鉴别诊断,提高其诊断准确性。方法:回顾性分析40例临床拟诊为回盲部病变患者的临床和影像资料,结合病理结果探讨不同病变的CT表现特征。结果:40例中,26例恶性肿瘤(腺癌20例,间质瘤3例,淋巴瘤2例,神经内分泌癌1例),其中2例淋巴瘤合并肠套叠;14例炎症,一般感染性炎症8例(阑尾炎7例,急性重症胰腺炎并肠壁弥漫性增厚1例),肉芽肿性炎6例(包括肠结核2例,克罗恩病4例)。MSCT可显示回盲部病变的范围、肠壁增厚的方式、程度及强化特点,周围脂肪密度变化、淋巴结肿大及其他脏器转移。结论:回盲部不同病变的CT表现特点不同,有助于明确诊断。     

艾滋病合并肺部恶性肿瘤的CT表现

【摘要】目的：探讨艾滋病相关肺部恶性肿瘤的CT表现特征。方法：回顾性分析8例艾滋病合并肺部恶性肿瘤患者的CT表现。结果：4例卡波西肉瘤中3例表现为支气管血管束增粗、小叶间隔增厚,多个沿支气管血管束分布的结节、纵隔、腋窝或肺门淋巴结肿大,双侧胸腔积液,1例主要表现为结节;1例淋巴瘤为单发肿块,病灶内可见坏死及空气支气管征,增强扫描呈轻度不均匀强化;3例肺癌均为明显强化的孤立肿块,腺癌为形态不规则的外周型肿块伴肺内转移,鳞癌和小细胞癌为中央型肿块,前者可见阻塞性肺炎、肺不张及病灶侧肺门淋巴结肿大,后者纵隔及病灶侧肺门淋巴结显著肿大,3例病灶侧均可见胸腔积液。结论：艾滋病合并肺内恶性肿瘤的CT表现具有一定特征性,CT检查对其诊断及鉴别诊断具有重要价值。     

原发十二指肠癌的CT诊断

目的评价CT在原发十二指肠癌诊断中的价值.方法对15例经手术、病理证实的原发十二指肠癌(腺癌12例,类癌3例)的CT表现进行回顾性分析.结果9/12例腺癌表现为局部软组织肿块;6/12例腺癌表现为肠壁不规则形或环形增厚;表现为局部软组织肿块同时伴有肠腔变形、狭窄者3例;可伴有肝内外胆管扩张,腹膜后淋巴结及肝内转移.仅凭CT无法区分类癌和腺癌.CT增强多表现为软组织肿块早期呈轻至中度强化,延迟后或门脉期则强化不明显.结论CT对原发十二指肠癌的定位、定性诊断非常有价值,但对腺癌和类癌的鉴别尚有困难.     

原发性十二指肠腺癌影像诊断及手术切除相关影像征象的探讨

目的：探讨原发性十二指肠腺癌的影像表现及与手术切除相关征象。方法：对照手术回顾性分析17例经病理证实的十二指肠腺癌低张十二指肠造影(hypotonic duodenography，HD)和CT的表现。结果：HD显示息肉型9例，溃疡型7例，浸润型1例。CT均示腔内不规则肿块或肠壁增厚，3例示溃疡，胆系扩张10例，胰头浸润14例，血管浸润7例，淋巴结转移3例，肝转移2例。7例行根治术，10例行姑息术。结论：HD与CT结合可充分显示腔内病变，腔外浸润及转移。癌肿局限于腔内或仅侵犯胰头时可行根治术；侵犯周围重要血管，发生淋巴结、肠系膜及肝脏等转移时一般只能行姑息术。     

小肠淋巴瘤的螺旋CT诊断

目的评价螺旋CT在小肠恶性淋巴瘤诊断和鉴别诊断中的价值。方法对10例经手术病理证实的小肠恶性淋巴瘤的影像表现进行回顾性分析。结果 10例小肠淋巴瘤,8例位于回肠(包括回盲部),2例位于空肠。10例CT表现均有不同程度的肠壁增厚,2例呈动脉瘤样扩张,肠管明显环形增厚,肠管不狭窄且明显扩张;5例呈浸润型,小肠壁均有不同程度的增厚;息肉肿块型2例,肠腔内较大分叶状软组织肿块,致肠腔变窄,肿块密度较均匀,增强均匀强化,未见坏死。3例腹腔、肝门、脾门淋巴结肿大,表现为分叶状肿块或多个小结节相互融合。增厚的肠壁、软组织肿块及肿大淋巴结呈轻度强化8例,或无明显强化1例,其中2例内部可见血管被肿瘤包绕,1例并发穿孔。结论掌握小肠淋巴瘤的CT表现特征有助于与小肠间质瘤、小肠癌及小肠Crohn病的鉴别。     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.     

Bronchial stump fistula :treatment with covered retrievable hinged metallic stents-preliminary clinical experience

Objective To evaluate the preliminaily clinical efficacy and retrievability of a retrievable hinged covered metallic stent in the treatment of the bronchial stump fistula （BSF）. Methods Between April 2003 and March 2005, 8 patients with bronchial stump fistula after pneumonectomy or lobectomy were treated with two types （A and B） of retrievable hinged covered metallic stents. Type A stent was placed in 6 patients and type B in 2 under fluoroscopic guidance. The stent was removed with a retrieval set when BSF was healed or complications occurred. Results Stent placement in the bronchial tree was technically successful in all patients, without procedure-related complications. Immediate closure of the BSF was achieved in all patients after the procedure. Stents were removed from all patients but one. Removal of the stents was difficult in two patients due to tissue hyperplasia. Patients were followed up for 6 - 21 months. Placement of the stents remained stable in all patients except one due to severe cough. Permanent closure of BSF was achieved in 7 （87.5%） of 8 patients. Conclusion Use of a retrievable hinged covered expandable metallic stent is a simple, safe, and effective procedure for closure of the BSF. Retrieval of the stent seems to be feasible. （J Intervent Radiol, 2007, 16： 253-257）     

Die rechtsmedizinische Identifizierung — Bedeutung und Beweiswert —

Zusammenfassung Bei der rechtsmedizinischen Identifizierung kann die Identität im strengen Sinn allenfalls bei lebenden Personen festgestellt werden; sonst läßt sich nur von Teilen auf das Ganze (vom Untersuchungsobjekt auf die Person) schließen, wobei die verschiedenen Merkmale des Untersuchungsobjektes entsprechend der Hdufigkeit ihres Vorkommens eine unterschiedliche Beweiskraft haben. Bei der Schädelidentifizierung mit Hilfe moderner photographischer oder elektronischer Superprojektionsverfahren ergeben sich unter Berücksichtigung der Weichteildicken so viele (fiktive) Vergleichspunkte, daß bei geeignetem Vergleichsmaterial (Photographien) Identität wegen der Vielzahl übereinstimmender Bezugspunkte in den meisten Fällen evident ist.     

Imaging of abdominal nodal spread in malignant disease

This is a review of the role of imaging procedures for the assessment of abdominal and pelvic lymph nodes. The diagnosis of malignant lymphatic spread is rarely the sole purpose of imaging, because it is usually part of a general abdominal examination, most frequently with CT or US, or increasingly with MRI. These studies are often requested in order to obtain information about the situation to be encountered during surgery, or to alert the surgeon to irresectability or to unexpected metastases outside the initially planned area of exploration. In most surgically treated tumours the role of imaging for preoperative staging is limited, due either to its insufficient sensitivity or because the initial treatment is independent of the lymph node stage. Imaging is commonly used to verify treatment response to chemo- or radiotherapy and for follow-up.Correspondence to: S. Delorme     

改进的定位技术在胸部肿瘤穿刺活检中的应用

目的：探索CT-SIM三维定位系统、体模固定技术和PET-CT融合影像导引定位技术在胸部肿瘤经皮穿刺活检中的应用价值。方法：对380例胸部肿瘤患者行改进的CT定位技术下的经皮穿刺活检术。根据肿瘤的大小、深度、毗邻关系、活动度以及患者的心肺功能状态,综合运用CT-SIM系统、体模固定技术和PET-CT融合影像导引技术,为患者进行穿刺前定位。统计穿刺定位时间长度、成功率、确诊率、并发症发生情况,并与210例采用传统铅栅定位下胸部肿瘤穿刺活检的相应资料进行比较。结果：采用改进的CT定位技术的380例患者穿刺定位精确,平均定位时间（9.5 min）较传统方法（16.8 min）缩短7.3 min,活检成功率和确诊率分别是98.7%和95.3%,高于传统定位方法的93.3%和83.3%,两者差异均具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。穿刺并发症发生率相似,气胸发生率分别为2.8%和2.9%,咯血发生率分别为11%和12.8%。结论：根据患者状态及肿瘤特点,在CT-SIM系统快速精确定位技术的基础上,综合运用体模固定技术和PET-CT融合影像导引技术,能显著缩短经皮穿刺活检的定位时间,提高活检成功率。