荷电纳滤膜对化机浆混合废水的纳滤效果

在制备一种荷正电纳滤膜的基础上研究了制备过程影响成膜性能的几个因素，并探讨了该纳滤膜对化机浆混合废水的纳滤效果。研究发现，与一般聚丙烯腈纳滤膜比较，荷正电聚丙烯腈纳滤膜更有利于提高化机浆混合废水色度，CODCr,BOD5的去除率和钠截留率。     

果胶超滤纯化过程传质模型和动力学分析

研究了果胶提取液超滤膜分离处理过程传质特征,建立了渗透通量、膜面浓度与压差的传质模型,并对膜阻力和浓差极化阻力进行了定量描述;同时对超滤过程的动力学进行了分析.     

标准物对比法研究草浆黑液超滤的传质特性及机理

通过与标准物质聚乙二醇超滤传质的比较研究，分析了草浆黑液超滤的传质系数和平衡浓度，发现其传质阻力首先来源于膜孔堵塞和膜污染，并造成了超滤传质过程的分阶段现象。通过对膜压力影响的研究，描述了草浆黑液超滤的传质机理，并区分了传质的渗透控制和凝胶层控制，有利于针对性地解决黑液超滤问题。     

造纸废水特性及处理技术研究

造纸废水是造成我国水体污染的主污染源之一。本文简述了造纸各阶段产生废水的特性,并对造纸废水处理技术的应用研究进展进行总结。提出联合法是处理造纸废水的最佳方法．而其充分发挥需新型混凝剂的开发、微生物培养等技术的更新与支持。     

中空纤维膜萃取的传质特性及其过程强化

膜萃取是膜过程和液液萃取过程相结合的一种新型分离技术．与通常的液液萃取过程不同，膜萃取传质中没有相的分散过程，具有其特殊的优势．文中详细介绍了中空纤维膜萃取的传质特性及其过程强化的研究进展．     

Investigation of heat, mass transfer and fluid flow characteristics in evaporative condensers

Heat and mass transfer and fluid flow characteristics in evaporative condensers is discussed. A complex pattern of water temperature and air enthalpy change was detected which depended upon elevation above the sump level. The results have indicated that the spray-filled space beneath the coil has a substantial effect of heat rejection in this type of apparatus. On the other hand, the effect of the upper spray nozzle zone is insignificant. It is possible to optimize the combination of various heat and mass transfer spaces, as well as the effect of extended surfaces and spray-filled spaces. Specifically, it will help to design better evaporative condensers with closely spaced staggered tubes, and to optimize the heat transfer and energy efficiency characteristics of such units.     

Mass transfer of VOCs in laboratory-scale air sparging tank

Volatilization of VOCs was investigated using a 55-gal laboratory-scale model in which air sparging experiments were conducted with a vertical air injection well. In addition, X-ray imaging of an air sparging sand box showed air flows were in the form of air bubbles or channels depending on the size of the porous media. Air-water mass transfer was quantified using the air-water mass transfer coefficient which was determined by fitting the experimental data to a two-zone model. The two-zone model is a one-dimensional lumped model that accounts for the effects of air flow type and diffusion of VOCs in the aqueous phase. The experimental air-water mass transfer coefficients, KGa, obtained from this study ranged from 10(-2) to 10(-3)1/min. From a correlation analysis, the air-water mass transfer coefficient was found to be directly proportional to the air flow rate and the mean particle size of soil but inversely proportional to Henry's constant. The correlation results implied that the air-water mass transfer coefficient was strongly affected by the size of porous media and the air flow rates.     

Mass transfer from and through packaging materials

The use of polymer films for food packaging requires a knowledge of their transport properties under varying conditions. The permeability to gases and water vapour of the packaging films at the specific conditions of use, i.e. temperature, relative humidity and pressure gradient, are needed for selecting the optimum packaging system to ensure the required shelf-life of the packed product. Migration from, and absorption by, plastic films also play an important role in their selection. The 0₂ and CO₂ permeabilities of three plastic films at four different temperatures were evaluated and shown to follow the Arrhenius relationship in the range tested. The effects of four thicknesses of one film on its permeability are also reported. Three methods to evaluate migration from polymeric films were compared using different weight/volume ratios. The extraction method recommended by the FDA, using n-hexane in a stirred flask, was found to be best. The shelf-life of Matzoth (Jewish Passover bread) packed in polyethylene (stored at 25°C) was found to be longer than the shelf-life of those packed in the higher barrier PVDC/PE. This was apparently due to the absorption of undesirable oxidation compounds, given off from the Matzoth by the PE, which were not absorbed at detectable levels by the PVDC/PE.     

渗透蒸发传质理论与模型(Ⅰ) 穿膜传质模型

首先介绍了渗透蒸发传质的分类和概况,然后系统评述了渗透蒸发穿膜传质过程的常用模型如经验模型、溶解扩散模型(包括基于溶解扩散模型的Meyer-Blumenroth半经验模型、Qi模型等)、孔流模型、虚拟相变溶解扩散模型、不可逆热力学模型、Maxwell-Stefan模型、分子模拟等.     

相界面上超声空化气泡聚并、滑移促进的传质

根据超声空化泡在相间特殊运动时周围流体流动特性,以相间传质渗透理论为依据,结合流体动力学原理,在充分研究相界面上气泡行为的基础上,根据界面上超声空化气泡生长过程的动力学行为,导出了相界面上超声空化气泡聚并和滑移促进的传质模型。在此基础上,建立了相界面上气泡滑移、聚并及脱离界面逸出这三种气泡行为共同促进的传质模型,该模型可用于描述超声空化界面等相界面上的传质行为,为超声波强化传质过程提供了理论依据。     

超滤技术在人血白蛋白浓缩中的应用

应用日本富士公司生产的超滤系统,超滤浓缩人血白蛋白,实验结果表明,人血白蛋白的浓缩脱醇速度快,截留率大,产量高,纯度,醇含量均合格,此法可以代替白蛋白沉淀浓缩透析法,具有推广应用价值。