CA15-3、CEA和CK19联检对乳腺癌诊断的临床意义

目的：探讨肿瘤血清标志物CA15-3、CEA和CK19联检对乳腺癌诊断的临床意义。方法：采用电化学发光免疫分析测定65例乳腺癌患者、40例乳腺良性疾病患者及30例正常对照者的血清CA15-3、CEA及CK19水平,对血清测定值进行组间比较;应用ROC曲线评价单项指标检测对乳腺癌的诊断价值;并对三项标志物进行联检。结果：乳腺癌患者的血清CA15-3、CEA和CK19水平及阳性率均明显高于正常对照组及乳腺良性疾病组（P〈0.01）;三项标志物的单项检测对乳腺癌的诊断意义均不大;联检后的敏感度和诊断准确度均高于单项指标检测（P〈0.01）。结论：CA15-3、CEA和CK19各单项检测敏感性较低,三项联检提高了对乳腺癌的早期诊断率,对乳腺癌的诊断具有重要的临床意义。     

荧光定量聚合酶链反应检测解脲支原体感染的临床意义

目的　采用荧光定量聚合酶链反应 (FQ -PCR)技术 ,准确定量检测待检标本中解脲支原体 (UU)的感染状况。方法　采用FQ -PCR技术 ,检测男女生殖道标本 76 5份 ,并同时用常规PCR技术 ,对比检测了 85例。结果　FQ -PCR检测76 5份标本 ,UU -DNA阳性 2 79份 ,阳性率 36 .5 % ,其DNA平均拷贝数为 2 .4× 10 4。 38例阳性患者治疗两周内复查 ,转阴率仅为 4 4 .7% ,治疗 3w后复查 ,转阴率达 76 % (P <0 .0 0 5 )。常规PCR结果重复检测时 ,2 5例阳性中 2例变为阴性 ,而 6 0例阴性中 4例变为阳性。FQ -PCR结果重复时完全吻合。结论　FQ -PCR检测UU ,具有快速、特异性高、定量准确等优点 ,并可为临床评价疗效提供依据。     

钼靶X射线摄片与血清CEA、CA19-9、CA15-3联合检查对乳腺癌的临床诊断价值

为探讨乳腺钼靶X射线摄片与血清CEA、CA19-9、CA15-3联合检查对乳腺癌的临床诊断价值,对87例经手术及病理证实的乳腺疾病患者的CEA、CA19-9、CA15-3检测结果和乳腺钼靶X射线征象作回顾性统计分析。结果显示：乳腺癌组的三项血清学指标远远大于良性病变组和正常对照组（P〈0.01）,与良性病变组比较,t值分别为3.2903、3.8996、4.5236,P均〈0.01;与正常对照组比较,t值分别为4.3428、5.0101、5.9098,P均〈0.01。乳腺良性病变组与正常对照组比较,t值分别为1.6378、0.6346、1.2225,P均〈0.05。CEA、CA19-9、CA15-3、钼靶X射线摄片四项联合检查的敏感性较单独检测有明显提高（P〈0.01）,乳腺癌组单项检查与四项联合检查比较,χ2值分别为55.008、47.868、24.901、13.818,P〈0.01。结论：对乳腺癌患者CEA、CA19-9、CA15-3进行联合检测和钼靶X射线摄片检查可以提高其检出率,对于早期诊断、治疗和监视、随访有临床意义。     

乳腺癌患者血清Leptin水平检测及其临床意义

目的:研究瘦素(Leptin)对乳腺癌诊断的价值,为乳腺癌与乳腺良性病变的鉴别诊断提供实验依据。方法:应用放射免疫分析(RIA)分别检测46例乳腺癌、28例乳腺良性病变患者及41例正常对照组外周血中Leptin含量。结果:乳腺癌组病人血中Leptin含量(21.97±9.13ng/ml)明显高于乳腺良性病变组(16.78±5.13ng/ml)及正常对照组(12.25±2.39ng/ml),差别有显著性(P<0.01)。随着乳腺癌病情的进展,从乳腺癌Ⅰ期至Ⅳ期,Leptin水平逐渐升高,有显著性差异(P<0.01)。乳腺癌淋巴有转移组Leptin水平(26.29±8.83ng/ml),明显高于乳腺癌无淋巴转移组(16.35±6ng/ml),差异有显著性(P<0.01)。结论:Leptin的检测可作为乳腺癌诊断的实验室指标,对乳腺癌的分期和预后的评价有重要价值,对治疗方案的选择有重要的指导意义。     

探讨近红外线扫描在各种乳腺疾病诊断中的价值

目的 探讨近红外线扫描在各种乳腺疾病诊断中的价值.方法 回顾我院近1年来经近红外线扫描病例4218例次,乳腺增生症3458例次和同事经手术治疗的乳腺癌186例、良性肿块451例.结果 近红外线扫描对乳腺良性肿块特别是最常见的乳腺增生及乳腺癌比较其灰度和血管差异均有显著性,本组病例良性诊断符合率96%,恶性诊断负荷率92%.结论 近红外线扫描作为乳腺疾病检查手段之一,以其简便、快速、无创伤、对人体无害,可重复性等优势,在乳腺疾病诊断中具有极其重要的临床价值.     

CA15-3IRMA对乳腺癌诊断价值的探讨

应用灵敏、特异的免疫放射分析(IRMA)对60例正常人、44例乳腺癌患者(手术前、后)93例其它恶性肿瘤患者及147例良性病变患者血清CA15-3进行检测,正常值为17.9±5.7u/ml,若以(?)+2SD为阳性界值,则CA15-3为30u/ml。44例乳腺癌术前CA15-3平均水平为62.4±57.3u/ml,>30u/ml的有29例,占65.9％;34例行乳癌根治术后CA15-3为17.8±8.4u/ml,>30μ/ml的仅4例;45例乳腺良性病变患者CA15-3为15.3±7.9u/ml,仅2例阳性,假阳性率为4.4％。乳腺癌组CA15-3水平明显高于乳腺良性病变组和正常组(p均<0.001)。肝癌、胃癌、结-直肠癌患者血清CA15-3均不同程度地升高,但不如乳腺癌患者明显,其值分别为39.5±32.3u/ml、31,6±35.2u/ml、24.2±25.8u/ml;CA15-3>30u/ml的阳性率分别为42.0％、24.2％、20.6％。102例良性病变患者血清CA15-3为17.2±6.6u/ml,>30u/m1的有10例,总的假阳性率为9.8％。结果表明,从灵敏度与特异性两方面总体考虑,CA15-3是乳腺癌诊断的良好标志物。     

乳腺癌患者血清瘦素及可溶性瘦素受体的作用分析

目的：分析瘦素（leptin,Lp）及可溶性瘦素受体（soluble leptin receptor,sLR）水平在乳腺癌患者血清中的变化。方法：用放射免疫分析测定68例乳腺癌患者血清瘦素水平,并同步测量体重指数（MBI）和用酶联免疫吸附试验法检测可溶性瘦素受体水平,与31例良性乳腺疾病和40例健康体检者进行对照比较。结果：乳腺癌组血清瘦素水平显著高于健康对照组（P〈0．01）,消除体重指数的影响后,这种显著性差异依然存在;可溶性瘦素受体水平与对照组比水平下降（P〈0．05）,消除体重指数的影响后,这种显著性差异消失（P〉0．05）;良性乳腺疾病对照和健康对照之间均无显著性差异。结论：乳腺癌患者瘦素呈现过表达现象,瘦素与瘦素受体结合,促进肿瘤生长,瘦素可作为乳腺癌的潜在检测指标,其对于研究乳腺癌的发生发展、与肥胖的关系、辅助诊断乳腺癌都具有重要意义。     

乳腺癌患者血浆循环DNA含量分析及其临床意义

目的:检测乳腺癌患者血浆循环DNA含量, 探讨其与临床病理特征之间的关系.方法:收集80例乳腺癌、 40例乳腺良性病变患者和97例健康自愿者的外周血.用微量基因组DNA 提取试剂盒提取血浆DNA, 用荧光染料试剂盒和QubitTM荧光仪测定血浆DNA含量.结果:(1)血浆循环DNA含量在组织学分级Ⅰ级和Ⅱ～Ⅲ级、患者肿瘤直径＞20 mm和≤20 mm之间有统计学差异(P＜0.05);而在淋巴结转移阴性和阳性、雌激素受体阴性和阳性之间均无统计学意义.(2)乳腺癌组血浆循环DNA浓度明显高于乳腺良性病变组和正常对照组, 相比较有统计学差异(P＜0.05);而良性病变组血浆循环DNA浓度高于正常对照组, 但差异无统计学意义.(3)以血浆循环DNA≤12.90 μg/L作为诊断乳腺癌的临界值, 其检测灵敏度为85.0%, 特异度为88.3%, 准确度为87.1%.(4)Roc曲线下面积(AUC)为0.879, 95%可信区间为0.830～0.928.结论:乳腺癌患者的血浆DNA水平与疾病的发生、发展和预后密切相关, 血浆DNA水平有助于乳腺癌的鉴别诊断.     

一种新型CK19片段的检测在肺癌诊断中的应用

探讨血清CK19片段的新型检测方法及对肺癌的诊断价值,并与CYFRA21-1、CEA进行比较.分别以CK19-2G和CK19-5H作为固相抗体和标记抗体,并将这两种抗体捕获的CK19片段命名为CK19-2G2,应用化学发光免疫分析方法检测84例肺癌患者,19例肺部良性疾病患者和59名健康体检者血清CK19-2G2浓度.结果表明:肺癌组血清CK19-2G2浓度(12.4±23.8 mU/mL)高于肺部良性疾病组(4.8±11.1 mU/mL,P<0.05)和对照组(0.1±0.2 mU/mL,P<0.01),其灵敏度和特异性优于CYFRA21-1和CEA;在不同病理类型的肺癌中,肺鳞癌组CK19-2G2的水平显著高于其他各组,有显著性差异(P<0.05).CK19-2G2是一种有效的非小细胞肺癌的肿瘤标志物,尤其适用于肺鳞癌的诊断.     

循环DNA定量分析在乳腺癌诊断中的应用

目的:检测乳腺癌患者循环DNA含量,探讨其在肿瘤诊断中的价值。方法:收集61例乳腺癌患者、33例乳腺良性病变患者和20例健康志愿者的血浆样本,以SYBRgreenI荧光染色法抽提血浆循环DNA,行DNA定量分析。结果:乳腺癌患者、乳腺良性病变患者、健康志愿者循环DNA浓度分别为65.46士15.31ng/ml、19.29士9.54ng/ml、13.56士7.39ng/ml;乳腺癌患者显著高于乳腺良性病变患者和健康志愿者,差异有显著性意义(P<0.05)。结论:血浆肿瘤循环DNA定量分析在乳腺癌诊断中有较高的应用价值。     

Level of functioning of siblings and parents of probands of varying degrees of retardation

A further analysis of already published data supports the position that retardates of low ability level less frequently have retarded siblings, retarded parents, and parents low in occupational level than do retardates higher in ability level. The analysis supports the position that there are two types of retarded individuals, persons retarded as a result of gene or chromosomal anomalies, brain injury, etc., who more frequently occur in the lower-level retardate group, and persons whose retardation represents polygenic segregation, who more frequently occur in the higher-level group.     

局部注射辛伐他汀对骨质疏松大鼠股骨髁骨小梁的改建效应

背景：局部注射具有成骨作用的辛伐他汀,可显著增加骨质疏松大鼠股骨颈及股骨髁部的骨密度及力学强度,分析局部注射辛伐他汀对股骨髁骨小梁的影响。 目的：进一步研究骨质疏松大鼠股骨内局部注射辛伐他汀对股骨髁骨小梁的影响。为将辛伐他汀应用于临床骨质疏松局部治疗提供实验基础。 方法：18只雌性SD大鼠双侧卵巢切除后3个月,制备大鼠骨质疏松模型。实验大鼠随机数字表法均分为3组,分别在实验大鼠的右侧股骨髓腔内单次注射辛伐他汀溶液5 mg、10 mg,对照组单纯注射空白载体。分别在注射后1个月处死大鼠并取材。Micro-CT扫描并定量分析骨组织形态变化。 结果与结论：给药后1个月,Micro-CT扫描结果显示,辛伐他汀治疗组的骨微结构参数如骨皮质厚度、骨小梁密度及连接率明显优于对照组。说明疏松骨骼单次注射小剂量辛伐他汀可显著促进股骨髁部骨小梁改建,改善骨骼微结构,可为强化局部、防治骨质疏松骨折的新选择进一步提供实验基础。     

石斛属民族药用植物的分类及生药学研究

中药石斛早在《神农本草经》中就被列为上品,其应用历史悠久,具有养阴生津、补肾益气、润喉护嗓、活血明目、抗癌防老等功效。本文对国内外石斛属民族药用植物的分类及生药学研究进行了综述。     

膝关节骨性关节炎的关节镜治疗体会

目的我科自2001～2005年4月对59例67膝的骨性关节炎（0A），进行关节镜检查及镜下清理术。方法镜检：膝关节骨性关节炎伴不同程度滑膜炎，滑膜皱壁粘连纤维片，关节软骨不同程度破坏。镜下清除增生滑膜，松解粘连，去除剥脱软骨、修复关节面。结果随访2月～4年，平均1.5年，术后综合评估2月～1年，优良率94％；1～2年，优良率79.2％；2年以上优良率54.8％。结论关节镜对膝关节骨性关节炎诊断能提供了比较全面的资料，并对骨性关节炎早期有良好疗效，具有创伤小、恢复快、并发症少和重复治疗等优点。     

Anatomical study of distribution of valves of the cutaneous veins of adult''s limbs

Since the cutaneous veins of the four limbs have been used as autogenous grafts in the treatment of cardiovascular disorders, knowledge of distribution of the valves is increasingly required depending upon the use. In the gross anatomical study of distribution of valves of the trunci venae, there has been argument about locational relationships between the venous roots and the valves in the vicinity of the roots and the inter-valvular distance. However, there have been only few reports discussing detailed information about valves of the cutaneous veins of the four limbs. The authors observed patterns of distribution of the cutaneous venous valves of the four limbs of cadavers prepared for practice in anatomy. The following parts were excised from each cadaver: the cephalic, basilic, and the great saphenous veins, which originate from the acral venous network and flow into the proximal deep veins, and the venous roots communicating with these veins. An incision was made on each excised vein in the direction of the long axis under observation with a stereoscopic microscope, and the inter-valvular distance and the distance between the valve and the orifice of venous root in the vicinity of the valve were measured. The inter-valvular distance varied with type of the truncus venae, and it varied according to area even in the same truncus venae.     

Pathways of the realization of immunomodulating effects of neurotransmitters

Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 115, N ^o 4, pp. 401–404, April, 1993     

Characterization of sterols of three digenetic trematodes of buffalo

Sterols of three digenetic trematodes were isolated and characterized by infrared and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies, and gas-liquid chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Sterols identified were cholesterol, cholestanol, 24-methylcholesterol, 24-methylcholestanol, 24-ethyl-22-dehydrocholesterol, 24-ethyl-22-dehydrocholestanol, 24-ethylcholesterol and 24-ethylcholestanol.     

Mechanisms of generation of slow components of bioelectric activity in diagnostics of functional state of the gastrointestinal tract

New electrophysiologic devices were used for the diagnostics of the state of excitable structures in the gastrointestinal tract and correction of their motor functions. Bioelectrical and biomechanical activities form the basis of functioning of internal organs. The mechanisms of generation of slow bioelectrical activity that are important for clinical and physiological studies are described. One of these mechanisms is a capacitance parametric transducer converting the energy of contractions into specific electric signals reflecting muscle functions. Another mechanism results from slow oscillations of resting potentials of interrelated excitable cells in large neuromuscular structures of internal organs. The elaborated procedure is efficient for preventing early postoperative paresis of the gastrointestinal tract. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 128, No. 10, pp. 448–452, October, 1999     

胃小弯侧血管弓的MDCT解剖

目的：研究正常胃小弯侧血管弓及其属支血管的多排螺旋CT表现。方法：回顾性分析51例正常成人的上腹部CT资料,观察胃小弯侧血管弓及其属支血管的显示情况、血管弓形态及其与胃壁的关系。结果：51例均显示胃小弯侧血管弓,血管弓贲门部属支、胃体部属支和幽门部属支分别显示46例、15例和10例;血管弓与胃壁紧邻41例。结论：MDCT检查可良好显示正常胃小弯侧血管弓及其属支血管。     

Assessment of the efficacy of treatment of hemangiomas

Assessment of the aftereffects of cryoexposure and ultrahigh-frequency cryoexposure on hemangioma tissue of various types, cavernous and squamous, showed a higher cryogenic effect in hemangiomatous tissue preexposed to ultrahigh-frequency waves. A quantitative criterion is proposed for assessing the efficacy of the studied methods of exposure. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 119, N ^o 6, pp. 669–672, June, 1995