Knowledge of emergency management of avulsed teeth among young physicians and dentists

This study was designed to investigate the knowledge and attitude of newly graduated physicians and dentists regarding emergency management of avulsed teeth. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Thirty physicians and 30 dentists who graduated during the period 2000-2004 were surveyed. They all served in either hospitals or dental centres with emergency settings. All the participants that were asked were willing to participate. The majority of the physicians (83.3%) surveyed had not received information on what to do if a tooth is knocked-out and 96.6% did not have any dental health education course during their study. In contrast, nearly all the dentists (93.3%) had received information on what to do if a tooth is knocked-out. Regarding knowledge level, eight of the physicians (26.6%) demonstrated low knowledge while the remaining 22 (73.3%) had some knowledge; none of the physicians showed a high knowledge level. In sharp contrast, 22 dentists (78.5%) had high knowledge, six (21.4%) showed some knowledge and none demonstrated low knowledge. We conclude that emergency dental treatment is sometimes required to be provided by a physician before any dental contact. Unfortunately, the findings from this survey clearly suggest that very few physicians would provide appropriate emergency treatment. All medical staff personnel need to receive simple instructions about management of dental trauma. Most dentists had high knowledge regarding this issue; nevertheless, a few dentists, not graduated in Kuwait, were found to have limited knowledge, which needs to be improved.     

Parental awareness of the emergency management of avulsed teeth in children

Although public awareness campaigns on avulsed teeth have been mounted in the past, no study has investigated the knowledge parents possess of the protocol for the management of this dental emergency. The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate, by means of a questionnaire, the parental awareness of the emergency management of avulsed teeth in children. Over 2000 parents were surveyed during a four-week period at 20 suburban vacation swimming centres. The results indicated that almost two-thirds of respondents would attempt replantation of an avulsed tooth but further questioning showed they did not know the correct procedures. Thirty-three per cent of respondents were unaware of any after-hours emergency dental services. Ninety-two per cent felt they should seek professional help urgently following an avulsion injury, but their knowledge of transport media for the tooth was poor. Only 5 per cent knew that milk was the medium of choice for both washing and transporting an avulsed tooth. Ninety per cent of parents surveyed had never received advice on what to do in the event of an accident where a permanent tooth was avulsed. This study revealed the need for educational campaigns aimed at parents to increase their knowledge of the emergency procedures required when the tooth is avulsed.     

Knowledge of emergency management of avulsed teeth: a survey of dentists in Beijing,China

Abstract – Objectives: There is a high frequency of dental trauma cases in China, where tooth avulsion is one of the most serious scenarios. The knowledge of how to take care of an avulsion is of great importance to the outcome of such an injury. This knowledge among dentists in Beijing, China has never been tested before. The purpose of this study was to evaluate professional experience and knowledge of emergency management of dentists working in urban and suburban areas of Beijing, China. Material and Methods: A two‐part questionnaire was distributed to 175 urban and 99 suburban dentists in Beijing. The first part contained personal and professional information of the participating dentists. The second part evaluated dentists’ knowledge about the emergency management of avulsed teeth. Data were entered into a SPSS database and analyzed using the chi‐square test and Fisher’s exact test for each question. Results: All dentists had a college or above degree. Almost five times as many urban dentists compared to suburban dentists presented with a Master or PhD degree. The knowledge levels of the participants presenting with correct answer in the respective knowledge areas were; storage medium (15.8%) intra‐canal medication (45.0%), type of splint (45.1%) and splinting period (10.2%). Significantly more urban dentists (50.6%) compared to suburban dentists (34.8%) (P = 0.016), used calcium hydroxide paste as an intracanal medicament, and significantly more urban dentists (51.3%) than suburban dentists (34.1%) chosed a flexible splint (P = 0.008). Conclusion: The results revealed an uneven pattern of knowledge between urban and suburban dentists regarding the emergency management of avulsed teeth. The study highlighted Chinese dentists’ need for continuing education in order to improve current knowledge in emergency management of avulsed teeth.     

Lay and professional knowledge of methods for emergency management of avulsed teeth

Abstract Proper treatment during the first 30 minutes offers the best prognosis for traumatically avulsed teeth. This study sought to determine both lay people's and dental professionals’ knowledge of and attitude to emergency procedures. A 12-question survey was administered to 5 groups: (a) parents of learner swimmers and (b) coaches of college sports teams (lay); (c) State Dental Nurses, (d) dentists and (e) dental nurse/receptionists (professional). Respondents totalled 184 (a 32, b 86, c 24, d 18, e 24) i.e. 118 lay and 66 professional. Data revealed that group b had the greatest personal experience of avulsed teeth and groups c and e the least. Public hospital accident and emergency services (A & E) were perceived by all groups as most available. 18% of lay groups could not cite an emergency service. Lay people thought first of A & E for management whereas professional groups preferred the victim's own dentist. Most professional people would replant avulsed permanent teeth and about 1/3 would replant deciduous teeth: 1/2 lay people would replant permanent teeth and 1/8 deciduous teeth. Where treatment was not straightforward lay people would seek advice before acting. Half of the lay groups would transport an avulsed tooth dry. All the professionals had had advice on management of avulsed teeth but only 1/4 of the lay groups. This study highlighted the need for educational campaigns aimed at members of the lay public likely to be involved in the emergency management of traumatically avulsed teeth.     

Lay and professional knowledge of methods for emergency management of avulsed teeth.

Proper treatment during the first 30 minutes offers the best prognosis for traumatically avulsed teeth. This study sought to determine both lay people's and dental professionals' knowledge of and attitude to emergency procedures. A 12-question survey was administered to 5 groups: (a) parents of learner swimmers and (b) coaches of college sports teams (lay); (c) State Dental Nurses, (d) dentists and (e) dental nurse/receptionists (professional). Respondents totalled 184 (a 32, b 86, c 24, d 18, e 24) i.e. 118 lay and 66 professional. Data revealed that group b had the greatest personal experience of avulsed teeth and groups c and e the least. Public hospital accident and emergency services (A & E) were perceived by all groups as most available. 18% of lay groups could not cite an emergency service. Lay people thought first of A & E for management whereas profession groups preferred the victim's own dentist. Most professional people would replant avulsed permanent teeth and about 1/3 would replant deciduous teeth: 1/2 lay people would replant permanent teeth and 1/8 deciduous teeth. Where treatment was not straightforward lay people would seek advice before acting. Half of the lay groups would transport an avulsed tooth dry. All the professionals had had advice on management of avulsed teeth but only 1/4 of the lay groups. This study highlighted the need for educational campaigns aimed at members of the lay public likely to be involved in the emergency management of traumatically avulsed teeth.     

Knowledge of oral health professionals of treatment of avulsed teeth

Abstract –  The management and immediate treatment of an avulsed permanent tooth will determine the long-term survival of the tooth. The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge of oral health professionals on the new guidelines for emergency treatment of avulsed teeth. A 12-item questionnaire was distributed among general dentists, specialists, dental hygienists and dental assistants attending Continuing Education courses at the School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, between 2003 and 2004. This study reports only on the general practitioners who comprised 83% of the participants. The results revealed an uneven pattern of knowledge among them regarding the emergency management of an avulsed tooth. Statistically significant associations were related to the participants' previous dental trauma education and their age. In conclusion, there is a need to improve the knowledge of general dentists in the current guidelines for emergency treatment of avulsed teeth.     

青岛市市南区小学教师对学龄儿童外伤全脱出牙应急处理的认知水平调查

目的了解青岛市市南区小学教师对学龄儿童外伤全脱出牙应急处理的认知水平现状。 方法2019年3—4月,利用青岛市第一次口腔流行病学调查的机会,采用分层随机抽样的方法,抽取青岛市市南区12所小学597名小学教师,对其进行问卷调查,应用卡方检验对结果进行统计分析。 结果本调查共回收有效问卷540份,85.9%教师为女性,15.2%的教师接受过牙外伤相关教育,89.6%的教师没有见过外伤全脱出牙。15.2%的教师知道全脱出牙齿的正确紧急处理方式;对全脱出牙采用良好保存介质的教师,58.7%选择0.9%氯化钠溶液,8.3%选择牛奶,6.3%选择含在孩子口中;关于全脱出牙的就诊时间,认为应该即刻就诊的教师人数比例为56.5%。86.9%的教师问卷得分低于4。不同教龄教师间问卷得分差异有统计学意义（χ² = 9.445,P = 0.002）,是否接受过牙外伤教育的教师间问卷得分差异也有统计学意义（χ² = 13.148,P<0.001）。 结论青岛市市南区小学教师对学龄儿童外伤全脱出牙应急处理认知水平不高,应加强小学教师牙外伤知识的宣教。     

Postreplantation management of avulsed teeth: an endodontic literature review

Today's dental treatment goals are directed at reducing the incidence of root resorption resulting from periodontal ligament devitalization or pulp necrosis. Although the American Association of Endodontists recommends the use of long-term therapy, short-term therapy may be utilized with confidence in well-defined clinical applications. Early final obturation with gutta-percha will increase the long-term prognosis in those cases where patient motivation is questionable or long-term follow-up prior to obturation is not possible. However, where inflammatory resorption is already present, long-term calcium hydroxide therapy is indicated. Long-term post treatment follow-up is imperative in both calcium hydroxide therapies.     

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影响牙再植的因素众多,牙再植的成功率并不高。如何改善牙再植的预后一直是儿童牙科临床面临的一大挑战。牙再植的过程一般包括患牙及牙槽窝的处理、惠牙再植和固定。辅助治疗则包括全身性抗生素的应用、局部抗菌措施、破伤风疫苗的强化等。由于牙根发育程度的不同以及惠牙根面牙周膜细胞活性状态的差异等原因,患牙的根面处理及再植后的固定措施有所差异。此外,还需根据患牙牙根发育是否完全、患牙根面是否有活性牙周膜细胞覆盖等对患牙牙髓进行相应的观察或处理。本文拟就这些方面进行简要的介绍。     

Replantation of avulsed teeth with immature root development

Successful treatment of the avulsed tooth with immature root development is dependent on both pulpal and periodontal responses. The pulpal reaction is often one of revascularization with subsequent replacement of the necrotic pulp tissue. Continued root development and further calcification of the existing root structure are often seen with revitalization. The periodontal response to avulsion is dependent on the vitality of the periodontal ligament cells on the root surface. Normal healing occurs when the vitality is maintained, while replacement resorption results when the vitality is lost. Replantation after a short extra-alveolar period appears to provide the best prognosis for long-term retention of the avulsed tooth.