The Singular Limit Problem to the Extended Cahn–Hillard Equation

A mathematical model with a small parameter, which describes the hardening process of the binary tin–lead alloy, is investigated on the basis of nonlinear asymptotic analysis. A singular limit problem, namely an extended Stefan problem in the case of short relaxation time in the phase transformation zone, is derived. We prove the existence of an asymptotic solution with any accuracy on the time interval where the solution to the singular limit problem exists. The phase-separation interface is determined uniquely by three leading approximations. We also show that the stability of the separation interface depends on the so-called dissipation condition obtained for the solutions of the interface problem. Nonsymmetry of the surface tension tensor leads to a situation where the limit values of concentration distributions are in dependence on the geometry of the interface. This provokes the dispersion of the interface problem solutions on the part of the interface that not is tangent to the main crystallographic axis.     

Stability in the Stefan Problem with Surface Tension (I)

We develop a high-order energy method to prove asymptotic stability of flat steady surfaces for the Stefan problem with surface tension – also known as the Stefan problem with Gibbs–Thomson correction.     

Asymptotic Solution of the Extended Cahn—Hilliard Model

The paper is devoted to asymptotic analysis of the mathematical model of two-composite materials. The main result is the deduction of the extended Stefan problem being a singular limit of the initial problem.     

一类Stefan问题的渐近解

本文讨论了一类具有一般初值条件的Stefan问题.把研讨论板分成三部份,每一部份选用不同的时间尺度,然后用PLK方法或类多重尺度法求得每一部份的渐近解.最后,就此解进行了讨论并得出相应的结论.     

Application of the combined integral method to Stefan problems

In this paper we present a new, accurate form of the heat balance integral method, termed the combined integral method (CIM). The application of this method to Stefan problems is discussed. For simple test cases the results are compared with exact and asymptotic limits. In particular, it is shown that the CIM is more accurate than the second order, large Stefan number, perturbation solution for a wide range of Stefan numbers. In the initial examples it is shown that the CIM reduces the standard problem, consisting of a PDE defined over a domain specified by an ODE, to the solution of one or two algebraic equations. The latter examples, where the boundary temperature varies with time, reduce to a set of three first order ODEs.     

On the Properties of Conservative Finite Volume Scheme for the Two-Phase Stefan Problem

Differential Equations - We study the properties of a finite volume scheme for the two-phase Stefan problem. The numerical algorithm based on the explicit interface tracking is considered. The...     

Optimal Control Problems of Phase Relaxation Models

This work is concerned with optimal control problems with convex cost criterion governed by the relaxed Stefan problem with or without memory. The existence of an optimal control is proved and necessary conditions for a given function to be an optimal control are found. Moreover, an asymptotic analysis is performed as the time relaxation parameter tends to zero.     

Towards Riccati-Feedback Control of Complex Flows with Moving Interfaces

Problems featuring moving interfaces appear in many applications. They can model solidification and melting of pure materials, crystal growth and other multi-phase problems. The control of the moving interface enables to, for example, influence production processes and, thus, the product material quality. We consider the two-phase Stefan problem that models a solid and a liquid phase separated by the moving interface. In the liquid phase, the heat distribution is characterized by a convection-diffusion equation. The fluid flow in the liquid phase is described by the Navier–Stokes equations which introduces a differential algebraic structure to the system. The interface movement is coupled with the temperature through the Stefan condition, which adds additional algebraic constraints. Our formulation uses a sharp interface representation and we define a quadratic tracking-type cost functional as a target of a control input. We compute an open loop optimal control for the Stefan problem using an adjoint system. For a feedback representation, we linearize the system about the trajectory defined by the open loop control. This results in a linear-quadratic regulator problem, for which we formulate the differential Riccati equation with time varying coefficients. This Riccati equation defines the corresponding feedback gain. Further, we present the feedback formulation that takes into account the structure and the differential algebraic components of the problem. Also, we discuss how the complexities that come, for example, with mesh movements, can be handled in a feedback setting. (© 2017 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Single phase limit for melting nanoparticles

The melting of a spherical or cylindrical nanoparticle is modelled as a Stefan problem by including the effects of surface tension through the Gibbs–Thomson condition. A one-phase moving boundary problem is derived from the general two-phase formulation in the singular limit of slow conduction in the solid phase, and the resulting equations are studied analytically in the limit of small time and large Stefan number. Further analytical approximations for the temperature distribution and the position of the solid–melt interface are found by applying an integral formulation together with an iterative scheme. All these analytical results are compared with numerical solutions obtained using a front-fixing method, and are shown to provide good approximations in various regimes. The inclusion of surface tension, which acts to decrease the melting temperature as the particle melts, is shown to accelerate the melting process. Unlike the classical one-phase Stefan problem without surface tension, the solid–melt interface exhibits blow-up at some critical radius of the particle (which for metals is of the order of a few nanometres), a phenomenon that has been observed experimentally. An interesting feature of the model is the prediction that surface tension drives superheating in the solid particle before blow-up occurs.     

Global classical solution of quasi-stationary Stefan free boundary problem

We consider an one-phase quasi-stationary Stefan problem (Hele–Shaw problem) in multidimensional case. Under some reasonable conditions we prove that the problem has a classical solution globally in time. The method can be used in two-phase problem as well. We also discuss asymptotic behavior of solution as t→+∞. The method developed here can be extended to a general class of free boundary problems.     

AN EMBEDDED BOUNDARY METHOD FOR ELLIPTIC AND PARABOLIC PROBLEMS WITH INTERFACES AND APPLICATION TO MULTI-MATERIAL SYSTEMS WITH PHASE TRANSITIONS

The embedded boundary method for solving elliptic and parabolic problems in geometrically complex domains using Cartesian meshes by Johansen and Colella （1998, J. Comput. Phys. 147, 60） has been extended for elliptic and parabolic problems with interior boundaries or interfaces of discontinuities of material properties or solutions. Second order accuracy is achieved in space and time for both stationary and moving interface problems. The method is conservative for elliptic and parabolic problems with fixed interfaces. Based on this method, a front tracking algorithm for the Stefan problem has been developed. The accuracy of the method is measured through comparison with exact solution to a two-dimensional Stefan problem. The algorithm has been used for the study of melting and solidification problems.     

A model of thermal dissipation for a one‐dimensional viscous reactive and radiative gas

We consider a model of thermal dissipation for a Stefan–Boltzmann model of viscous and reactive gas in a bounded interval. We prove the existence of a global‐in‐time solution, and we give the asymptotic behaviour for the corresponding Dirichlet problem. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

STUDY OF CRYSTAL GROWTH AND SOLUTE PRECIPITATION THROUGH FRONT TRACKING METHOD

Crystal growth and solute precipitation is a Stefan problem. It is a free boundary problem for a parabolic partial differential equation with a time-dependent phase interface. The velocity of the moving interface between solute and crystal is a local function. The dendritic structure of the crystal interface, which develops dynamically, requires high resolution of the interface geometry. These facts make the Lagrangian front tracking method well suited for the problem. In this paper, we introduce an upgraded version of the front tracking code and its associated algorithms for the numerical study of crystal formation. We compare our results with the smoothed particle hydrodynamics method （SPH） in terms of the crystal fractal dimension with its dependence on the Damkohler number and density ratio.     

Dynamics of a free boundary in a binary medium with variable thermal conductivity

We construct an asymptotic solution of the phase field system with variable thermal conductivity different in domains occupied by different phases. We show that, depending on relations between parameters characterizing the substance, the dynamics of the free interface between the phases is determined by solutions of the classical or modified Stefan problems. Translated fromMatematicheskie Zametki, Vol. 66, No. 2, pp. 231–241, August, 1999.     

A New Model for Supercooling and Superheating Effects

A generalization of the Stefan problem is proposed for phasetransitions in one-dimensional systems, taking account of nonequilibriumsupercooling and superheating effects. Both the movement ofa sharp interface and the formation of a mushy region are accountedfor. The existence of at least one solution is proved and somecomplementary results are given. The standard one-phase Stefanproblem is obtained as a limit case     

Su di un nuovo problema del tipo di Stefan

Summary We study a problem of Stefan in a semi-infinite, homogeneous, thermically isotropic medium, whose initial temperature is position indipendent. Our semi-infinite medium is initially in a well defined state and its surface is maintained at a constant temperature. It is remarkable that an hypothesis is made, which is new in connection with Stefan problems: we suppose in fact the change of state temperature is a function of the position at which the change happens. Finally we study the asymptotic behaviour for t → ∞ of the solution of our problem.

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Lavoro eseguito nell'ambito dell'attività del VI^o Gruppo di Ricerca Matematica del C. N. R. presso l'Istituto Matematico ? U. Dini ? della Università di Firenze.     

On the refined integral method for the one-phase Stefan problem with time-dependent boundary conditions

Refined integral heat balance is developed for Stefan problem with time-dependent temperature applied to exchange surface. The method is applied to phase change in the half-plane and ordinary differential equation is obtained for the solid/liquid interface. The results are compared to those obtained by heat balance integral, perturbation and numerical methods.     

Heat transfer in composite materials with Stefan–Boltzmann interface conditions

In this paper, we discuss nonstationary heat transfer problems in composite materials. This problem can be formulated as the parabolic equation with Stefan–Boltzmann interface conditions. It is proved that there exists a unique global classical solution to one‐dimensional problems. Moreover, we propose a numerical algorithm by the finite difference method for this nonlinear transmission problem. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Rapid Freezing of Dilute Alloys

The solidification process of a dilute binary alloy with completemixing of the liquid and no diffusion in the solid is modelled,when a low temperature is imposed either directly or convectivelyat one end. The resulting moving-boundary problem has time-varyingcritical temperature which depends on the location of the interface.Approximations to the solution are constructed as perturbationexpansions in powers of the Stefan number. As an example thesolidification of a copper-nickel alloy is considered.     

Smoothing and Rothe's method for Stefan problems in enthalpy form

The classical two-phase Stefan problem as well as its weak variational formulation model the connection between the different phases of the considered material by interface conditions at the occurring free boundary or by a jump of the enthalpy. One way to treat the corresponding discontinuous variational problems consists in its embedding into a family of continuous ones and applying some standard techniques to the chosen approximation problems. The aim of the present paper is to analyze a semi-discretization via Rothe's method and its convergence behavior in dependence of the smoothing parameter. While in Grossmann et al. (Optimization, in preparation) the treatment of the Stefan problem is based on the given variable, i.e. the temperature, here first a transformation via the smoothed enthalpy is applied. Numerical experiments indicate a higher stability of the discretization by Rothe's method. In addition, to avoid inner iterations a frozen coefficient approach as common in literature is used.