滚动轴承套圈端面弯曲度检测装置

针对轻、窄系列轴承套圈端面弯曲度检测的难题,通过分析检测原理,设计了一种滚动轴承套圈端面弯曲度检测装置,在测量平板的T形槽内设置端面支承,将被测套圈悬空后采用上、下2块测量表同时对被测套圈进行测量,以此实现套圈端面弯曲度的检测。该检测装置简单、可靠,能够满足不同尺寸轴承套圈的端面弯曲度、平行度、高度变动量等参数的检测。     

轴承套圈端面缺陷在线视觉检测的研究与实现

针对轴承生产企业套圈生产过程中普遍存在端面缺陷的问题与人工目检的现状,提出了基于机器视觉的轴承套圈端面缺陷在线检测方法.首先,对套圈图像预处理后进行边缘检测,采用四连通域定位套圈端面区域;其次,采用最小二乘法拟合端面轮廓以判别外形缺陷,采用极坐标变换将套圈环形端面拉伸成矩形,采用Sauvola局部二值化算法对矩形图进行...     

中大型套圈端面磨削烧伤的消除

我厂采用MA7675/1双端面磨床磨削中大型轴承套圈端面时(如磨削315与411轴承套圈),由于使用的是加工中小型套圈的砂轮GB80R_3S·PJ,使套圈两端面容易产生烧伤。     

介绍一种双端面磨床

M8101A和M8102A两种型号的双端面磨床原是活塞环双端面磨削的专用机床。去年新昌轴承总厂第一次将这两种型号的机床用于轴承套圈加工,效率高,刚性好,加工平行差小,操作调整比较方便。在1989年11月召开的两种双端面磨床现场座谈会上,得到二十多个轴承厂和机床厂代表的好评,并纷纷要求订货。会后,乳山机床厂为了使该机更有利于轴承套圈的加工,进行了一些改进,将原来的活塞环送料机构改为适合     

在双端面磨床上磨削轴承套圈

一、前言双端面磨床在轴承加工行业中已普遍采用,主要应用双端面磨床同时加工轴承套圈的两个端面,并且它的使用范围越来越广泛,其加工原理如图1所示。     

圆柱滚子轴承零件尺寸调整对旋转灵活性的影响

对于尺寸非标圆柱滚子轴承,根据套圈的配合情况,径向游隙产生于过盈配合的套圈滚道与其对应的滚子组之间。根据安装配合的过盈量,修正保持架兜孔中心径尺寸,确保轴承安装后滚动体回转中心径与保持架兜孔中心径的值接近,轴承回转灵活。     

控制薄壁轴承套圈加工端面翘曲的工艺改进

分析了端面翘曲的不利影响和套圈合锻、剖分工艺特点,确定了薄壁轴承套圈加工中工艺编制的不合理性是产生端面翘曲的原因。以某型号高精度薄壁轴承为例,通过增加、优化和细化编制工艺,改进了套圈剖分加工的方法,套圈每剖分1次需对剖分套圈进行研磨,以控制套圈端面翘曲。改进后的工艺可有效地提高套圈的加工精度,降低废品率。     

用谐波分析原理测量垂直度

在机械零件中,孔与端面的垂直度测量是常用项目。本文应用谐波分析的原理求得孔与端面间的垂直度。以典型通用结构——轴承孔对轴承孔端面垂直度测量,来说明该测量原理。一、垂直度的标注孔与端面间的垂直度标注有两种形式:一是以孔为基准对平面进行测量;二是以平面为基准对孔进行测量。根据国家标准,这两种标注形式不是等同的。若忽略测量表面的形状误差,以不同的测量表面为基准对另一测量表面进行测量时,其测得数值间存在着一定的联系。如图1所示。图中:     

轴承套圈冷辗件端面出现毛刺的原因分析及改进

分析了轴承套圈冷辗件端面上出现毛刺的原因,从轴承套圈冷辗模具的设计入手,对模具的槽深、槽宽、脱模角等加工参数的选择和计算进行了详细介绍。     

YCZ—3主动测量仪在3MZ2406磨床上的应用

3MZ2406磨床是轴承套圈内端面磨床,原测量采用双界限电接触器。该装置存在以下不足。 (1)其中三块弹簧片中间一片折断,操作者不易观察;这样磨削出的套圈返修率和废品率较高。 (2)极易受潮,受潮后测量不准。     

基于Wi—Fi智能车远程测距装置结构设计与研究

介绍一款基于Wi—Fi智能车远程测距装置,设计了总体的硬件结构和方案,阐述了该测距装置的工作性能和软件设计思路。该测距装置采用远程数据传输和超声波传感器测距的方法,可以提供2—400cm的非接触式距离感测功能,测距精度可以达到3cm。与普通的测距装置相对比,该装置的特别之处是可以通过Wi—Fi远程控制智能车进行精确测距。智能车在行驶的过程中跟以往的智能车不同的是不需要码道,而是采用摄像头云台采集图像信号给上位机（计算机）进行控制。实验结果显示该装置具备抗干扰性强、稳态误差小等特点。     

一种汽车涉水远程报警装置的研制

针对强降雨造成汽车被淹而导致车主经济损失问题,通过创新设计研究并研制出一种结构简单,体积小,成本低,易于推广的汽车涉水远程报警装置,在水位高度值超过设定安全高度值时远程报警通知车主及时转移汽车以减少不必要的经济损失。研制的涉水远程报警装置由测距装置、单片机控制系统、电话拨号电路和通信电路组成。测距装置由超声波发生模块、驱动放大模块、超声波发射模块、超声波接收模块和超声波分析测距模块组成;控制系统采用单片机控制实现了整个装置体积小、质量轻、价格便宜。     

轮毂球轴承(第一代)沟间距测量仪器改进

针对轮毂轴承沟间距测量较为困难的情况,对测量推力球轴承沟径及径向跳动的检查仪器（D802）进行改装,满足了生产和工艺要求。     

A new method for defining the measurement-uncertainty model of CNC laser-triangulation scanner

This article examines the measurement uncertainty in terms of the incident angle, the object colour and the measurement distance for a Computer Numerical Control (CNC) laser-scanning process. It describes a new method for predicting the measurement uncertainty that simultaneously considers all three parameters. A set of measurements with different values for these parameters was made in order to describe the measurement uncertainty for the whole measuring range of the laser-scanning device. The final result of this research is an equation model that allows an accurate prediction of the measurement uncertainty within the investigated measurement field while the results of the extrapolated measurement field give an accuracy of the prediction that is better than 15%. In general, the model can also be useful as a measuring guideline for any other laser-triangulation measuring device, although the values would need to be adapted to each particular device. The, thus, obtained equation model could then be implemented into automatic inspection/control lines or used for self-adaptive measuring CNC paths to perform measurements in the optimal measuring range for a particular surface.     

Single-electromagnet levitation for density measurement and defect detection

This paper presents a single-electromagnet levitation device to measure the densities and detect the internal defects of antimagnetic materials. The experimental device has an electromagnet in its lower part and a pure iron core in the upper part. When the electromagnet is activated, samples can be levitated stably in a paramagnetic solution. Compared with traditional magnetic levitation devices, the single-electromagnet levitation device is adjustable. Different currents, electromagnet shapes, and distances between the electromagnet and iron core are used in the experiment depending on the type of samples. The magnetic field formed by the electromagnet is strong. When the concentration of the MnCl₂ aqueous solution is 3 mol/L, the measuring range of the single-electromagnet levitation device ranges from 1.301 to 2.308 g/cm³. However, with the same concentration of MnCl₂ aqueous solution (3 mol/L), the measuring range of a magnetic levitation device built with permanent magnets is only from 1.15 to 1.50 g/cm³. The single-electromagnet levitation device has a large measuring range and can realize accurate density measurement and defect detection of high-density materials, such as glass and aluminum alloy.     

光电测量设备的实时调平补偿方案

为了使光电测量设备快速进入测量状态,减小因倾斜带来的测量误差,研究了一种光电测量设备实时调平补偿方案。根据光学成像理论,推导了物高、物距、像高、像距等参数之间的换算关系。然后根据倾斜特性建立了物体或成像系统倾斜时的实时调平补偿数学模型。利用数学模型确定的补偿算法和水平倾角仪测量的角度值,可对测量设备在一定倾角范围内倾斜时进行实时调平补偿。对此补偿算法进行了实验验证。实验结果表明,测量设备在水平倾角α为0.26°,β为1.197°的情况下,经过实时调平补偿后可将系统的测量误差由-0.17615%优化到-0.07787%,使光电测量设备可在倾斜的情况下保证测量精度。     

Intermittent Process Measurement of a Freeform Surface Profile with a Circular Triangulation Laser Probe on a Machining Centre

This paper describes the development of a non-contact type system for measuring a freeform surface on a machine tool. A laser probe, model OTM-3A20 made by Wolf & Back Co., was integrated into a CNC machining centre as a non-contact sensor. An adjustment device for the laser probe was designed to minimise the cosine error caused by assembly inaccuracy. An alignment test of the measuring laser beam was carried out using a calibrated specimen. The systematic accuracy of the circular triangulation laser probe and a standard triangulation laser probe, with respect to the surface roughness, surface slope, and coating colour of the workpiece, was investigated by using an HP5529A laser interferometer system. The measuring system, which consists of a personal computer, a CNC controller of a machining centre, a Renishaw MP10 touch-trigger probe system, and the controller of the laser probe system, was integrated information-technically. Automatic measuring software was developed for the purpose of measuring path simulation, generation of NC codes, and error analysis of the measured data. The profile error of the tested object, measured by the laser probe and the coordinate measuring machine respectively was found to be within 45 μm. In this case, the tolerance of the designed part is about 50 μm, so the developed system can be applied to the inspection of mould production in bakelite according to the experimental results. ID="A1"Correspondance and offprint requests to: Dr Fang-Jung Shiou, Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, No. 43, Section 4, Keelung Rd. 106 Taipei, Taiwan. E-mail: shiou@mail.ntust.edu.tw     

Determination of the principal distance and the location of the perspective centre in low magnification SEM photogrammetry.

The principal distance, D, from the centre of perspective in the SEM optical projection to the tilt axis of the specimen stage must be accurately determined before photogrammetric evaluation of stereoscopic pairs of micrographs can proceed. A precise procedure for measuring D is described in which the specimen stage X micrometer is used to measure the width of the field scanned for a particular width of the CRT, when the specimen stage is moved along the electron beam axis by amounts measured with the stage Z micrometer. The Z micrometer is calibrated with an external dial gauge. A plot of field width against Z extrapolated to zero gives the location of the perspective centre. In SEM photogrammetry, it is usual to leave the lens currents unchanged whilst recording the stereo-pairs. The values of D measured with a constant final lens current show that the perspective centre is located close to the final aperture in its conventional position. Previous determinations of D for Stereoscans have used a changing lens current to keep the specimen in focus at varying Z, and found a virtual centre several millimetres above the final aperture. The value of D so obtained should only be used if the micrographs were recorded with dynamic or automatic focusing systems.     

非接触式滚动直线导轨精度测量装置

非接触式滚动直线导轨精度测量装置主要用于滚动直线导轨运动精度(平直度)的检测,同时也可以测量导轨沟槽到导轨底面的距离。对滚动直线导轨要测量的精度项目以及其传统的测量方法作了简单介绍,对新的非接触式动态测量装置的结构原理、测量方法以及实现这一测量方法的机台作了详细说明,最后还在技术特点方面对新旧两种方法作了比较。     

自动化仓库堆垛机高速运行控制技术

以激光测距技术作为巷道堆垛机的认址手段，开发并应用变频器无级调速闭环控制方式，提出一种新型巷道堆垛机高速运行的控制方法，实际应用表明有关技术方法切实可行。