FK506和环孢素A抗肾移植排斥反应的疗效观察及护理

1　对象和方法1999年 8月至 2 0 0 1年 4月 ,肾移植术前监测血糖、肝功能正常 ,肾移植术后服用FK5 0 6抗排斥治疗 34例 ,肾移植术后服用CsA抗排斥治疗 38例 ,其中男性 4 0例 ,女性 32例 ,年龄 19～ 6 5岁 ,平均 35 .2± 7.1岁。供受者组织配型良好 ,群体反应性抗体阴性 ,淋巴细胞毒性试验 ,<10 % ,供肾热缺血时间 3～ 17min ,平均 10 .4± 2 .9min ,供肾冷缺血时间 6～ 2 0小时 ,平均 7.5± 3.5小时。两组病例在年龄、性别、原发疾病、组织配型、群体反应性抗体、淋巴细胞毒性试验、冷 /热缺血时间、术式、术后辅助治疗方面差异均无显著性…     

汽车导航用压电振动陀螺

村田制作所采用压电陶瓷双晶片式振子 ,开发了结构简单的、用于汽车导航的压电振动陀螺。其性能指标如下 :工作电压 (dc) :5 V± 0 .5 V温度漂移 (max) :9(°) /s耗　　电 (max) :1 5 m A *响　　应 (max) :7Hz检测范围 :± 6 0 (°) /s输出噪声 (p- pmax) :1 0 m V静止时输出 (dc) :2 .5 V± 0 .4V使用温度下限 :- 3 0灵敏度 :2 5 .0 m V/(°)· s-1*使用温度上限 :80分辨率 :0 .1 (°) /s保存温度下限 :- 40灵敏度温度变化 :± 1 0 %保存温度上限 :85　 (- 3 0～ 80 ) *质　　量 (max) :2 0 g线　性 (FS) :± 0 .5 %尺　　寸 :2 3 .2…     

小儿先心病心脏手术前后血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶水平的动态观察

目的 :血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶 (s-NSE)是一个能够反映脑损伤的指标 ,本文通过对体外循环开放式心脏不停跳、停跳两种手术患儿 ,手术前后s-NSE的动态观察 ,以了解在脑保护方面何种手术方式更好。方法 :采用ELESA法测定体外循环开放式心脏不停跳、停跳手术先心病患儿各 2 0例 ,术前 2 4小时、术后 2h、术后 7天的s-NSE水平 ,并以 2 0例健康儿童作为对照组。结果 :1.手术组术前s-NSE水平低且组间无差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。 2 .手术组在术后 2h测定显示s -NSE水平显著增高 ,平均值为 8.3± 2 .3 μg/L(心脏不停跳组 )和 16.3± 6.2 μg/L (心脏停跳组 ) ,与术前比较差异非常显著 (P <0 .0 0 1) ;术后 7天s-NSE水平分别为 6.1± 2 μg/L(心脏不停跳组 )和 10 .8± 2 .3 μg/L (心脏停跳组 ) ,与术前比较差异显著 (P <0 .0 5 ;0 .0 1)。 3 .术后 2hs-NSE水平停跳组明显高于不停跳组 (P <0 .0 0 1) ,且术后 7ds-NSE水平两组比较亦有显著差异 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :1.先心病患儿术前s-NSE处于正常水平。 2 .体外循环开放式心脏手术先心病患儿的s-NSE水平短期内尚不能完全恢复。 3 .心脏不停跳手术较心停跳手术术后的s-NSE水平低且恢复较快。提示就脑保护而言 ,心脏不停跳术式可能较好。     

60Co放疗对鼻咽癌患者中耳功能的影响

目的 :研究放射治疗对鼻咽癌患者中耳功能的影响。方法 :5 0例鼻咽癌患者接受放疗前、放疗后 1年、放疗后 2年听力及中耳功能检测。结果 :中耳压力 :放疗前 (- 78± 6 9)dapa,放疗后一年为 (- 193± 98)dapa,放疗后 2年为 (- 12 2± 84)dapa(p <0 .0 1)。声顺值 :放疗前 (- 0 .98± 0 .6 7)ml,放疗后一年下降为 (0 .5 6± 0 .74)ml,放疗后两年 (0 .73± 0 .6 9)ml(p <0 .0 1)。放疗后中耳病变及耳聋比例增加 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :放疗可造成中耳及耳蜗功能损害 ,加重鼻咽癌患者耳聋发生。     

阿齐霉素抗弓形虫作用的超微结构研究

弓形虫病是常见的人兽共患寄生虫病。孕期感染弓形虫会通过胎盘感染胎儿[1] 、导致畸胎、早产、流产和智力低下等不良结局。目前通常采用磺胺与乙胺嘧啶治疗 ,由于这类药对胎儿有不良副作用 ,故急需寻找高效低毒的抗虫药物。本实验对阿齐霉素抗弓形虫的作用进行了超微结构的研究。本实验采用猴肾细胞培养后感染猪弓形虫 NT株 ,并在感染弓形虫前后分别以 0 .1 μg/ ml、1 μg/ ml及 1 0 μg/ ml阿齐霉素作用于培养的猴肾细胞 ,同时设无药对照组 ,在 37℃、5 % CO2 中培养 2 4～ 48h后取细胞以 2 .5 %戊二醛固定 ,分别按常规制备透射电镜和…     

若丹明6G DN的细胞毒作用以及与氩离子激光的光灭生物效应

本实验发现对体外培养小鼠白血病P388,人胃腺癌(SGC-7901),人舌麟癌(Tca8113),KB和HeLa细胞均有明显细胞毒作用。Rh6G DN能明显抑制试管内P388细胞的克隆形成,当细胞与0.1、1和10μg/ml Rh6G DN培育1小时的克隆形成率为对照组的38.5±6.7,17.3±2.4和0.43±0.7%。培育4小时时,1和10μg/ml剂量组已无克隆形成。以平板克隆效应为指标,发现Rh6G DN对恶性细胞有较强的选择性。用小剂量Rh6G DN与细胞温     

ALA联合HPD光动力学治疗C6胶质瘤细胞基因P16及P53变化的研究

目的研究ALA、HPD及ALA联合HPD光动力学治疗C6胶质瘤细胞瘤基因P16及P53变化.方法以不同剂量ALA(20μg/ml、40μg/ml、60μg/ml、80μg/ml、160μg/ml)、HPD(1μg/ml、2μg/ml、3μg/ml、4μg/ml、5μg/ml)及不同剂量组合ALA联合HPD光动力学治疗C6胶质瘤细胞,以流式细胞仪测试基因P16及基因P53的变化.结果本实验中未作PDT治疗的对照组,肿瘤细胞生长良好,可见P16值小于6.59%.P53值小于4%.而PDT治疗组随着光敏剂剂量的加大P16及P53基因值逐渐上升,是未作PDT治疗组的3-4倍,且两光敏剂混合组,P16及P53基因值大于单纯ALA或HPD-PDT治疗组.HPD1μg/ml联合ALA60μg/ml,HPD2μg/ml联合ALA40μg/ml就能达到HPD5μg/ml PDT治疗组P16基因及P53基因水平.结论推测PDT疗法激活了P16基因及p53基因功能,促使肿瘤细胞凋亡及坏死.联合疗法HPD1μg/ml联合ALA60μg/ml,HPD2μg/ml联合ALA40μg/ml光动力学治疗能达到HPD常规剂量5μg/ml PDT的效果,这样可明显提高ALA-PDT疗效及减少HPD-PDT的皮肤光毒反应.     

白藜芦醇对兔动脉粥样硬化基质金属蛋白酶表达的影响

目的探讨白藜芦醇对实验性动脉粥样硬化兔基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)表达的影响。方法选择新西兰纯种雄性大白兔50只随机分为三组,正常对照组10只,模型组20只,白藜芦醇组20只。采用液氮冻伤术建立动脉硬化模型,造模2个月后采用液氮冻伤术激发动脉硬化斑块破裂,模后2个月及激发试验后48h后分别对三组动物测定MMP-1、9的浓度。结果模型组造模后2个月MMP-1、9的浓度分别为(50.74±5.49)ng/ml和(337.69±8.98)ng/ml,同期白藜芦醇组MMP-1、9的浓度分别为(41.33±9.58)ng/ml和(309.83±10.59)ng/ml(P<0.01),激发试验48h后模型组MMP-1、9的浓度分别为(100.35±6.58)ng/ml和(869.56±12.37)ng/ml,同期白藜芦醇组MMP-1、9的浓度分别为(61.68±11.69)ng/ml和(411.24±15.74)ng/ml(P<0.01)。结论白藜芦醇能够降低MMP-1、9的浓度,从而预防和延缓动脉硬化的发生。     

小剂量氟尿嘧啶对肝癌细胞HepG2生物学行为的影响与18F-FDG摄取关系的研究

目的研究小剂量氟尿嘧啶处理肝癌细胞HepG2后部分生物学行为与其摄取氟代脱氧葡萄糖(18F-FDG)变化的关系。方法使用低浓度的5-Fu(1μg/ml)培养肝癌细胞系HepG2,持续培养4周期后(第4周期后细胞简称HepG2/4P),观察细胞形态,绘制生长曲线,计算倍增时间;用Western blot检测Ki67的表达;于体外进行18F-FDG细胞放射性核素摄取实验。结果HepG2与HepG2/4P组的倍增时间分别为16.2h、25.2h;Ki67相对表达量分别为0.367±0.005、0.270±0.019,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);HepG2/4P对18F-FDG摄取率较化疗前HepG2摄取降低,但无统计学意义(P=0.093)。结论HepG2/4P细胞与HepG2相比倍增时间延长,Ki67的表达降低,对18F-FDG摄取降低,提示肝癌细胞增殖的差异可能会引起肿瘤糖代谢相应的差异,可能用于监测化疗疗效和预测细胞生物学行为的改变。     

光纤主干传输工程建设对光缆的要求

1　光缆的技术要求1.1　光缆的光学特性要求(1)模场直径 (1310ｎｍ波长 ) :(9.3± 0 .5 ) μｍ(2 )包层直径 :(12 5± 2 ) μｍ(3)芯 /包层同心度偏差 :<1μｍ(4)光纤截止波长λ :1180～ 132 0ｎｍ(5 )光缆截止波长λ :<12 70ｎｍ(6 )成缆后光纤衰减系数 :1310ｎｍ波长的衰减系数 <0 .36ｄＢ/ｋｍ ,12 85～ 1330ｎｍ波长范围内 ,任一波长的衰减系数与 1310ｎｍ波长的衰减系数相比 ,其差值不超过 0 .0 3ｄＢ/ｋｍ ;15 5 0ｎｍ波长的衰减系数<0 .2 2ｄＢ/ｋｍ ,1480～ 15 80ｎｍ波长的范围内 ,任一波长的衰减系数与 15 5 0ｎｍ波长的衰减系数…     

He-Ne激光经尿道治疗慢性前列腺炎的疗效观察

介绍了应用激光治疗慢性前列腺炎的新技术及其操作方法;并对其治疗机理进行了探讨。通过对34例疗效观察,其治愈率达到64.7％,总有效率85.3％。     

Biomarker-Responsive Nanosystems for Chronic Disease Theranostics

Chronic diseases claim millions of lives every year, and it is of great significance to explore and develop advanced drugs to improve the cure rate of chronic diseases. Nanotheranostics are innovative strategies that enable the integration of diagnostic and therapeutic properties into a single nanosystem. Despite great success in nanotheranostics, their applications of nanotheranostics in nanomedicine are still in their infancy. This is because each disease has its corresponding characteristic pathological microenvironment, which motivates the development of endogenous biomarker-responsive nanosystems to meet the requirements of diagnosis and treatment. Herein, recent progress is presented in biomarker-responsive nanosystems and their biomedical applications. First, biomarker-responsive nanosystems are classified into eight subsections according to the type of chronic diseases, including tumors, cardiovascular diseases, neurological diseases, Wilson's diseases, chronic liver diseases, chronic kidney diseases, diabetes mellitus, and rheumatoid arthritis. In the following, a variety of intriguing applications of biomarkers-responsive nanosystems are briefly elaborated, such as biosensing, diagnosis, therapy, combined theranostics, and early evaluation of therapy effect, etc. Finally, the challenges and future directions from research to clinical translation of these responsive nanosystems are also presented.     

间接喉镜下YAG激光治疗慢性咽炎

目的：探讨间接喉镜下YAG激光对慢性咽炎的治疗疗效。方法：对我院2011年1月-12月间行间接喉镜下YAG激光治疗的慢性咽炎120例进行分析,观察治疗后症状、体征变化及并发症的处理效果。结果：经过4至6个月的随访,治愈98例（占82％）,有效15例（占13％）,无效7例（占5％）。结论：YAG激光对于长期药物治疗无效的慢性咽炎总有效率为95％,治疗时间短,费用低,病人痛苦小,是治疗慢性咽炎的一种有效、安全、简便的治疗手段。     

慢性滤泡性咽炎的激光治疗与冷冻治疗疗效分析

目的观察慢性滤泡性咽炎,采用两种方法治疗的效果。方法将患者随机分成两组,A组为激光治疗组,B组为冷冻治疗组。结果A组治愈率96%,B组56%。结论激光治疗慢性滤泡性咽炎更有效。     

Personalized Healthcare System for Chronic Disease Care in Cloud Environment

The rapid increase in the number of patients with chronic diseases is an important public healthcare issue in many countries, which accelerates many studies on a healthcare system that can, whenever and wherever, extract and process patient data. A patient with a chronic disease conducts self‐management in an out‐of‐hospital environment, particularly in an at‐home environment, so it is important to provide integrated and personalized healthcare services for effective care. To help provide effective care for chronic disease patients, we propose a service flow and a new cloud‐based personalized healthcare system architecture supporting both at‐home and at‐hospital environments. The system considers the different characteristics of at‐hospital and at‐home environments, and it provides various chronic disease care services. A prototype implementation and a predicted cost model are provided to show the effectiveness of the system. The proposed personalized healthcare system can support cost‐effective disease care in an at‐hospital environment and personalized self‐management of chronic disease in an at‐home environment.     

Neuromodulation Management of Chronic Neuropathic Pain in the Central Nervous System

Neuromodulation is a clinical tool used for treating chronic neuropathic pain by transmitting controlled physical energy to the pre‐identified neural targets in the central nervous system. Its drug‐free, nonaddictive, and improved targeting characteristics have attracted increasing attention among neuroscience research and clinical practices. This article provides a brief overview of the neuropathic pain and pharmacological routines for treatment, summarizes both the invasive and noninvasive neuromodulation modalities for pain management, and highlights an emerging brain stimulation technology, transcranial focused ultrasound (tFUS), with a focus on ultrasound transducer devices and the achieved neuromodulation effects and applications on pain management. Practical considerations of spatial guidance for tFUS are discussed for clinical applications. The safety of transcranial ultrasound neuromodulation and its future prospectives on pain management are also discussed.     

基于红外热成像技术的黄芪建中汤治疗慢性非萎缩性胃炎的临床疗效评价

观察了黄芪建中汤治疗慢性非萎缩性胃炎（Chronic Non-Atrophic Gastritis,CNAG）的临床疗效,并探讨了用红外热成像技术评估CNAG临床疗效的可行性。将76例脾胃虚寒型CNAG患者分为对照组（采用西医方法治疗）和治疗组（采用黄芪建中汤治疗）,并观察2组治疗前后症候评分和观测部位红外温度的变化。结果表明,治疗组的总有效率为94.4%,对照组的总有效率为778%,治疗组的疗效优于对照组（P<0.05）;2组患者观察部位的红外温度均较治疗前升高（P<0.05）,且治疗组观察部位的红外温度升幅大于对照组（P<0.05）。由此可见,黄芪建中汤治疗CNAG疗效良好,值得研究推广。红外热成像技术能及时、客观、方便地反映疗效的变化并可进行疗效对比,为中医辩证治疗提供了客观的、可视化的依据。     

Green Tea Derivative Driven Smart Hydrogels with Desired Functions for Chronic Diabetic Wound Treatment

Current treatments for chronic diabetic wounds remain unsatisfactory due to the lack of ideal wound dressings that can integrate matching mechanical strength, fast self-healability, facile dressing change, and multiple therapeutic effects into one system. In this work, benefiting from the catechol groups and therapeutic effect of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG, green tea derivative), a smart hydrogel dressing can be conveniently obtained through copolymerization of the complex formed by EGCG and 3-acrylamido phenylboronic acid (APBA) (the formation of boronate ester bond) and acrylamide. The resulting hydrogel features adequate mechanical properties, self-healing capability, and tissue adhesiveness. Otherwise, the substantial release of EGCG can not only realize anti-oxidation, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and proangiogenic effect, and modulation of macrophage polarization to accelerate wound healing, but also facilitate easy dressing change. This advanced hydrogel provides a facile and effective way for diabetic chronic wound management and may be extended for the therapy of other complicated wound healings.     

钬激光联合安达芬栓治疗慢性宫颈炎102例疗效观察

目的:通过观察钬激光联合安达芬栓(重组人干扰素а-2b栓)与单纯用钬激光治疗慢性宫颈炎的疗效,探讨治疗慢性宫颈炎的简单有效的方法。方法:收集我院妇科门诊2006年1~9月治疗的慢性宫颈炎病例102例,随机分为两组,观察组予以钬激光治疗后联合安达芬栓阴道用药,对照组单纯用钬激光治疗。结果:钬激光联合安达芬栓观察组的自觉症状、并发症的发生率和临床治愈率与对照组有显著性差异。结论:钬激光联合安达芬栓是治疗慢性宫颈炎的一种简便、有效、临床治愈率高的方法。     

A Versatile Glycopeptide Hydrogel Promotes Chronic Refractory Wound Healing Through Bacterial Elimination,Sustained Oxygenation,Immunoregulation, and Neovascularization

Chronic refractory wounds have become a severe threat to public health and are characterized by repeated bacterial infections, persistent hypoxia, abnormal immune regulation, and obstruction of angiogenesis. However, current treatment strategies usually perform only one or two therapeutic functions and cannot satisfy the dynamic and complex demands of chronic wound healing. Herein, a versatile dynamic Schiff base and borate ester cross-linked glycopeptide hydrogel is prepared from phenylboronic acid-grafted ε-polylysine (EPBA), epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), and oxidized alginate. Customized polydopamine-coated honeycomb MnO₂ nanoparticles loaded with herb-derived salvianolic acid B (PHMS) are embedded into the hydrogel before gelation. Under the distinct acidic and oxidative microenvironment of chronic refractory wounds, the hydrogel gradually dissociates, and the released EPBA effectively eliminates bacteria, while the released EGCG and PHMS eradicates reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, promotes M2 polarization of macrophages, and continuously generates oxygen. Then PHMS further disintegrates, and the released salvianolic acid B promotes angiogenesis through the PI3K/Akt pathway. The versatile glycopeptide hydrogel accelerates Staphylococcus aureus-infected diabetic cutaneous wound repair in vivo and is a promising candidate dressing for chronic refractory wound healing.