脑出血早期血压水平对预后的影响

目的探讨脑出血急性期早期血压水平对预后的影响。方法测定了81例脑出血患者早期血压水平,按血压水平分级分组,比较各组间死亡率的差异。结果早期血压水平过高(SBP≥29.4kPa,DBP≥18.0kPa或MAP≥20.0kPa)或过低(SBP<18.7kPa或MAP<13.3kPa)死亡率均增加。结论脑出血早期血压水平与预后有关。     

血压水平对急性卒中后病死率的影响

目的:在一个单一队列中评价入院血压(BP)与急性卒中患者早期预后的关系。设计:研究对象包括1004例脑梗死病例和1097例脑出血病例,所有病例均在卒中发生的当天入院。评估起病30d内的死亡与入院BP水平的关系。结果:在脑梗死病例中,BP水平和死亡率之间呈“U”形相关,相关关系曲线的最低点分别在收缩压(SBP)150～169m m H g和舒张压(DBP)100～110m m H g处。在校正了年龄和性别后,与曲线最低点人群相比,最高相对风险出现在BP最低处,SBP最低者的相对风险为2.69(95%CI1.43～5.07),DBP最低者的相对风险为3.49(95%CI1.58～7.74)。与既往…     

术前血压水平对急性心肌梗死PCI术患者预后的影响

目的 分析术前血压水平对急性心肌梗死经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)术患者预后的影响.方法 回顾性分析2018年2月至2019年6月本院实施PCI治疗的90例急性心肌梗死患者的临床资料,术后进行6个月的随访,根据不同预后分为两组,75例预后良好患者纳入A组,15例预后不良患者纳入B组.两组均在术前测定收缩压(SBP)以及舒张压(DBP)水平,使用Logistic回归分析急性心肌梗死PCI术前血压水平对预后情况的影响.结果 B组SBP≥150 mmHg及DBP≤60 mmHg占比均高于A组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);经Logistic多因素分析显示,SBP≥150 mmHg以及DBP≤60 mmHg是影响急性心肌梗死PCI术后患者预后的危险因素(OR>1,P<0.05).结论 急性心肌梗死患者PCI术前SBP≥150 mmHg、DBP≤60 mmHg是影响预后的危险因素.     

脑卒中急性期血压监测及其与预后关系的临床研究

高血压是脑卒中重要的原因，许多病人在入院时均有相对较高的血压，而脑卒中急性期血压的变化及其合理的治疗与预后的关系尚未明了．我们采用前瞻性研究方法探讨脑卒中后动态血压变化及其与预后的关系．采用严格的病例入选条件，由专人(同一人)负责对昆明医学院第二附属医院神经内科连续入院的55例急性脑卒中患者进行了第1 d及第7 d随测血压和协态血压的监测，同时评定第1 d，第7 d及第30 d神经功能评分及残障程度分级．根据残障程度分级分为生活基本自理组(0～Ⅲ)和生活依赖组(Ⅳ～Ⅶ级)．结果显示第1 d动态血压第一次读数无论是收缩压(SBP)和舒张压(DBP)与随测血压读数相比无显著性差异，但24 h SBP,24 h DBP,昼间SBP，夜间SBP，昼间DBP，夜间DBP与随测血压读数相比均有明显增高，且有显著性差异．脑卒中后增高的血压在7 d后，在无特殊降压措施条件下，无论是随测血压，还是动态血压均自发下降．随测血压SBP/DBP下降平均值分别为(17.5±5.7/17.6±5.1)mmHg,P<0.01；24 hSBP/DBP下降平均值分别为(8.9±6.2/4.92±4.91)mmHg,P<0.01．脑梗死组的24 h，白天及夜间的平均舒张压及入院时神经功能评分均低于脑出血组，且有统计学差异(P<0.01)，余血压指标虽脑出血组较脑梗死组高，但无统计学差异(P>0.05)，脑卒中后增高的血压与短期(1月)预后无明显相关性．结论脑卒中急性期血压存在自发下降，其治疗需采取慎重、合理、个体化治疗．动态血压监测是急性脑卒中后记录血压最合适的方法，可用于今后大规模临床试验记录血压值．     

高海拔人群外周血中血红蛋白含量与血压水平的相关性研究

目的:探讨高海拔地区人群外周血中血红蛋白含量与血压水平的关系。方法:采用横断面研究方法,选取海拔2500～4000米地区3954人为研究对象。收集样本人群年龄、身高、体重等相关信息,测量血压水平,测定外周血中血红蛋白(Hb)、血脂水平。按血压水平将样本人群分3组,正常血压组:SBP<120mmHg且DBP<80mmHg;高血压前期组:SBP 120～139mmHg或DBP 80～89mmHg;高血压组:SBP≥140mmHg或DBP≥90mmHg。结果:正常血压组、高血压前期组及高血压组两两比较,Hb含量均存在显著差异(P<0.05,P<0.01),呈现血压水平越高,Hb含量逐渐升高趋势。Pearson相关分析显示:Hb含量与SBP、DBP、BMI、TC、TG、LDL-C均呈显著正相关(均P<0.01)。多元逐步回归结果显示,Hb是SBP(r=0.21,P<0.01)和DBP(r=0.18,P<0.01)升高的独立危险因素。结论:高海拔人群外周血中Hb含量随血压升高呈逐渐升高趋势,Hb水平升高可能增加高血压及高血压前期发生率。Hb含量增高在高海拔人群高血压发病中的作用机制值得进一步研究。     

血压与扩张型心肌病患者预后的关系研究

目的探讨血压水平对扩张型心肌病患者预后的价值。方法172例扩张性心肌病患者，根据基础收缩压（SBP）水平分为3组：A组（SBP〈100mmHg），B组（100mmHg≤SBP〈140mmHg），C组（SBP≥140mmHg）；根据舒张压（DBP）水平分为3组：I组（DBP〈60mmHg），Ⅱ组（60mmHg≤DBP〈90mmHg），Ia组（DBP≥90mmHg）。以患者平常安静状态下左室射血分数（LVEF）、左心室内径、束支传导阻滞（BBB）、室性心动过速（VT）、住院次数、心源性死亡等作为随访目标。结果（1）A、C两组左室舒张末期内径（LVDD）、左室收缩末期内径（LVSD）明显大于B组，A、C两组LVEF明显低于B组。A、I两组LVEF明显低于其他组；（2）A组BBB和VT发生率明显高于B、c两组，B、C两组间没有明显统计学差异。I组BBB和VT发生率明显高于Ⅱ、Ⅲ两组，Ⅱ、Ⅲ两组间没有明显的统计学差异；（3）A、C两组心源性死亡比例明显高于B组，因为心衰或心律失常而住院的次数也明显高于B组。I、Ⅲ两组心源性死亡比例明显高于Ⅱ组，因为心衰或心律失常而住院的次数也明显高于Ⅱ组。结论血压表现为过高或过低的患者，其LVEF明显降低，死亡率及住院率都明显增加。血压是一个能很好预测DCM患者预后的指标。     

自发性脑出血急性期高血压的危险性及治疗对策

目的:探讨自发性脑出血急性期血压升高水平对患者预后的影响和应对措施。方法:将61例连续入院发病在6 h内的自发性脑出血患者根据入院时血压水平高低分为A组、B组、C组三组,在治疗方法差异不大的情况下,统计三组患者发病半月内死亡率,并将血压最高组死亡率与另外两组患者死亡率差异进行比较。结果:三组患者死亡率各不相同,自发性脑出血急性期血压水平越高其死亡率越高,血压最高组与最低组死亡率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:自发性脑出血患者发病早期血压越高死亡率越高,预后越差,但积极降血压治疗不能显著改善患者预后。     

老年高血压病患者动态血压检测的分析

目的探讨老年高血压病患者24h动态血压（ABPM）波动规律及范围。方法采用无创性携带式动态血压监测仪检测42例老年高血压病Ⅰ、Ⅱ级患者的动态血压。结果Ⅰ级高血压病患者SBP波动均值为50mmHg，DBP波动均值为28mmHg；Ⅱ级高血压病患者SBP波动均值为58mmHg，DBP波动均值为35mmHg。老年高血压病患者的血压均值SBP和DBP呈双峰双谷状，各时间点上的平均SBP与DBP均高于正常老年人组，Ⅱ级高血压病患者表现尤为明显。结论血压变异性高低对判断高血压病情及预后有重要意义。     

24小时动态血压监测对高血压合并脑梗死复发的预测

【目的】分析原发性高血压合并脑梗死患者24h动态血压变化特点,探讨血压异常与脑梗死复发的关系。【方法】对40例高血压合并脑梗死患者（复发组）和94例高血压合并脑梗死患者（无复发组）进行3年前24h动态血压监测分析,对两组患者的24h、日问、夜间血压平均值,血压负荷值,血压变异性和血压昼夜节律性进行统计检验。【结果】高血压合并脑梗死患者（复发组）24h、日问、夜间收缩压（systolicbloodpressure,SBP）和舒张压（diastolicbloodpressure,DBP）及SBP和DBP负荷值均明显高于高血压合并脑梗死患者（无复发组）,24hSBP和日问SBP及负荷值差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。高血压合并脑梗死患者（复发组）日间SBP变异性高于高血压合并脑梗死患者（无复发组）[（16．44±3．19）mmHg（1mmHg=0．1333kPa）比（15．20±4．45）mmHg],SBP和DBP夜间下降率低于高血压合并脑梗死患者（无复发组）[（5±3）％比（7±2）％,（4±2）％比（6±4）％],差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。【结论】血压平均值和血压负荷值增高对脑血管病的发生具有影响,血压变异性及昼夜节律性消失与脑梗死复发相关。     

高血压前期不同血压水平与颈动脉内膜-中层厚度的关系

目的观察高血压前期不同血压水平与颈动脉内膜-中层厚度的关系。方法236例按照血压水平分为4组:正常血压组:收缩压/舒张压(SBP/DBP)<120/80mmHg,高血压前期组:SBP/DBP121~139/80~89mmHg,高血压组:SBP/DBP≥140/90mmHg。其中高血压前期组按照收缩压水平再分为高血压前期1组(SBP121~129mmHg),高血压前期2组(SBP130~139mmHg),应用颈动脉超声检测颈总动脉、颈内动脉和颈动脉分叉处内膜-中层厚度。结果高血压组和高血压前期2组颈总动脉、颈动脉分叉处IMT值均高于正常组,组间比较差异有显著性(P<0.05)。高血压前期1组颈总动脉、颈内动脉和颈动脉分叉处内膜-中层厚度虽高于正常组,但差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论高血压前期组人群已出现颈动脉内膜-中层厚度增厚的亚临床损害,其中在血压130~139/80~89mmHg时这种损害更加突出。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Electro-Acupuncture Combined with the Trigger Point Needle-Embedding for Treatment of Primary Trigeminal Neuralgia in 31 Cases

In recent years, the author of this essay has applied electro-acupuncture combined with the trigger point needle-embedding for treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia in 31 cases, yielding satis- factory results as reported in the following.     

Investigation of Matrix Metalloproteinase -1, 2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 in Endometriosis

Objective： To explore the role of matrix metalloproteinase-1,2 （MMP-1, MMP-2） and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 （TIMP-1） in endometriosis. Methods： The eutopic and ectopic endometria from 40 subjects suffering from endometriosis and regular.endometria from 40 subjects （excluding endometriosis） were collected and examined by in situ hybridization technology and western blot assay. Results： Both expressions of MMP-1 and -2 were stronger in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium than in normal endometrium. On the contrary, the expression of TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium was lower. The differences were significant （P 〈 0.01 ）. Moreover, there was no relationship among the expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium. Conclusion： The expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 lose balance and lack of periodic changes in ectopic endometrium , which explains the biological invasive behavior of endometriosis. It was suggested-that regulating the balance between the MMPs and TIMP-1 should be an ideal therapeutic target to endometriosis.     

Shi Da-zhuo (史大卓) —An outstanding cardiologist of integrative medicine

Prof. SHI Da-zhuo, Ph.D., male, was born on March 20, 1960. Prof. SHI entered the Ph.D. program in 1990 at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences under the supervision of Prof. CHEN Ke-ji, majoring in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. After receiving his Ph.D. degree in 1993, Prof. SHI started working at the Cardiovascular Center in Xiyuan Hospital affiliated to China Academy of Chinese Medical sciences.     

Persist in and Carry Forward the Integrative Medical Research——Speech at the 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine by Academician CHEN Zhu,Minister of Ministry of Health

The 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine （CALM） was convened at 19-20, April 2008 in Beijing. Academician CHEN Zhu, the minister of Ministry of Health indicated at the congress that the integration of Chinese and Western medicine is very well in keeping with the situation of our country and the general rule of development in medical science; and as a good integration of Chinese medicine and Western medicine, it is mutually beneficial and advantageous to both of them. Seeing the creativity shown in integrative medical investigation in theoretic and methodological sides, we should and must persist in and develop it.