超高分子量聚乙烯/聚苯胺导电针织物的应变传感性能

为制备超高分子量聚乙烯/聚苯胺复合导电纱线,以超高分子量聚乙烯（Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene,UHMWPE）长丝纱为基材,对其进行常压等离子体预处理后采用基于原位聚合的纱线连续导电处理方法制备了超高分子量聚乙烯/聚苯胺（UHMWPE/PANI）复合导电纱线。利用制得的复合导电纱线制备了圆筒状纬平针织物作为应变传感器,进行了传感织物的应变-电阻传感性能研究。研究结果表明：导电针织物表现出明显的应变-电阻传感性能,其电阻随应变的增大先增大,至一定值后随着应变的增大而减小。传感织物具有较高的敏感度,在应变小于20%时,其传感因子可达30以上。多次拉伸时,传感织物的传感重复性逐渐提高,拉伸3次以后,传感织物表现出良好的传感重复性。     

磁性疏水性纤维素纳米纤丝气凝胶的制备及性能研究

以TEMPO氧化法制备的纤维素纳米纤丝（CNF）为原料制备CNF气凝胶,随后采用Fe₃O₄纳米粒子和十六烷基三甲氧基硅烷（HDTMS）对其进行改性制得磁性疏水性CNF气凝胶,并对其疏水性能、磁性、吸附性及其他各项性能进行表征。结果表明,交联剂N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺（MBA）可提高CNF之间的结合强度,使气凝胶结构更加稳定、不易被破坏。制备得到的气凝胶密度和孔隙率分别为0.015 g/cm³和99.02%,其水接触角可达133°,表现出优异的超疏水性,吸附倍率最高可达145 g/g（机油）;同时,添加Fe₃O₄纳米粒子使气凝胶具备较好的磁响应性能,有利于气凝胶的后期回收。     

离子凝胶的制备及其用于柔性应变传感器的研究

利用氯化胆碱-丙烯酰胺合成的低共熔溶剂（DES）与α-硫辛酸、微晶纤维素之间的共价键、离子键和高密度氢键的网络结构,形成了稳定、高黏附性、机械性能优异的离子凝胶。研究发现,制备的离子凝胶具有理想的黏附性（对玻璃的黏附力达69.3 kPa）、良好的自愈性（10 s可恢复到最大应力的41%）、优异的导电性（8.1×10-4 S/cm）和抗紫外性能（100%紫外线阻挡能力）。同时,该离子凝胶在不同材料和形状的基底上具有较好的黏附性,且在人体皮肤上具有很高的黏合性。基于该离子凝胶所组装成的柔性应变传感器可用于监测不同动作的相对电阻信号变化,并且表现出持续且稳定的信号。     

纳米纤维素乳化苯乙烯-丙烯酸酯共聚物的制备及性能研究

本研究分别使用纤维素纳米纤丝（CNF）和纤维素纳米晶体（CNC）乳化苯乙烯-丙烯酸酯（SA）单体,以过硫酸铵（APS）为引发剂,通过自由基聚合得到共聚物PSA,并对其各项性能及力学性能增强机理进行研究。结果表明,纳米纤维素在PSA的制备过程中发挥了界面活性剂和功能性填料的双重作用。其中,CNF-PSA乳液稳定性强但黏度较高,CNC-PSA乳液则兼具高稳定性和低黏度的特性。由CNF、CNC和十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）乳化后聚合得到的PSA共聚物转化率分别为76.32%、78.28%和82.62%。红外光谱和热重分析结果显示CNF和CNC在固化过程中被保留在涂层中,并形成氢键结合。拉伸测试结果表明,CNF-PSA、CNC-PSA和SDS-PSA膜的抗拉强度分别为8.14、6.91和1.09 MPa,其中,CNF-PSA膜的弹性模量达到130.3 MPa,为SDS-PSA膜的652倍。     

基于聚多巴胺修饰的聚吡咯导电织物制备与应变传感性能

为改善聚吡咯(PPy)导电层与织物基底的结合牢度,提高应变传感器的稳定性,以聚多巴胺为粘合剂,采用原位聚合法制备聚吡咯/聚多巴胺(PPy/PDA)导电涤纶/氨纶织物,探究PPy/PDA导电涤纶/氨纶织物的导电性能和应变传感性能。用扫描电子显微镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱分析其表面形貌与结构,采用实验室自制的KTC传感器测试盒,测试其灵敏度和稳定性。结果表明,与PPy导电涤纶/氨纶织物相比,PPy/PDA导电涤纶/氨纶织物表面导电层更均匀,导电填料与基底的结合牢度更高,制得的传感元件灵敏度高,在500次重复应变后的稳定性更好,可应用于人体运动检测和康复训练等领域。     

对甲苯磺酸预处理对纳米纤维素膜性能的影响

利用两步对甲苯磺酸（p-TsOH）预处理选择性分离蔗渣中的半纤维素和木质素,并对p-TsOH预处理的剩余固体和商业级漂白蔗渣浆进行高压均质处理,获得2种纤维素纳米纤丝（LCNF和BCNF）;然后对LCNF和BCNF进行真空抽滤及热压（T）处理,制得不同的纳米纤维素膜（LCNF膜、BCNF膜、T-LCNF膜和T-BCNF膜）。结果表明,p-TsOH预处理后残留的木质素有利于CNF的制备和分散,且可提高CNF滤水性能,使其成膜性大幅提升;此外,木质素的存在可显著提高CNF膜的疏水性,但对其力学性能有一定阻碍作用;通过热压作用可实现木质素的热熔和再分布,改变CNF膜的结构,使其拉伸强度大幅提高（166.7 MPa）的同时具有良好的疏水性。     

导电纸的开发与应用

本文概述了导电纸的制造方法和应用领域。导电纸的主要制造方法有：导电材料与纸浆纤维混抄（湿法）、导电纤维用胶黏剂黏合或与热熔性纤维熔合（干法）、纸基用导电涂料涂布、化学镀和导电聚合物／纸浆纤维现场吸附聚合等。导电纸可广泛应用于防静电包装、电磁屏蔽、面状发热体、新能源和电化学材料、传感和致动材料等领域。     

纤维素纳米纤维对聚乙烯醇复合膜性能的影响

采用TEMPO氧化法制得直径4~10 nm,长径比达100以上的蔗渣纤维素纳米纤维（CNF）,并利用CNF与聚乙烯醇（PVA）制备CNF/PVA复合膜,研究了添加甘油或聚乙二醇（PEG-400）对CNF/PVA复合膜透光率及力学刚性性能的影响。结果表明,CNF/PVA复合膜能兼具纯CNF膜的高机械强度和纯PVA膜的高延展性,CNF含量为25%的CNF/PVA复合膜在400~700 nm波长范围内的透光率达90%以上,杨氏模量为4.72 GPa的同时断裂伸长率可达6.92%;添加甘油或PEG-400会降低膜的机械刚性而提高膜的拉伸性能,两者均会降低膜的透光度。     

聚苯胺/纸浆纤维复合制造导电纸(Ⅰ)--吸聚条件对导电纸性能的影响

采用原位吸附聚合法使苯胺聚合于纸浆纤维的微孔壁中制备了导电纸。系统地研究了氧化剂K2S2O8和（NH4）2S2O8用量、反应温度、反应时间等对导电纸表面电阻率的影响。优化了制备导电纸的最佳吸聚条件：聚合时间105min，反应温度5℃，氧化剂的用量取决于氧化剂的种类。当K2S2O8为氧化剂时，氧化剂与苯胺质量比为1：2最佳，导电纸的表面电阻率为481Ω/cm^2；当（NH4）2S2O8为氧化剂时，氧化剂与苯胺质量比为3：4最佳，导电纸的表面电阻率可达108Ω/cm^2。作为氧化剂，（NH4）2S2O8优于K2S2O8。     

3D打印碳纳米管/纳米纤维素复合电极制备及性能

本研究探索了基于光固化的3D打印技术制造导电聚合物树脂材料。以可光固化树脂和多壁碳纳米管（MWCNT）混合物为基底,通过添加纳米纤维素（CNF）来改善MWCNT的分散性,使混合树脂达到最佳的导电性能和印刷质量。此外,结合了光固化、热解和化学活化等反应过程,形成可设计的分级孔结构的碳电极,该电极具有从毫米级到微米级再到纳米级分布的孔隙结构,组装对称超级电容器可提供高能量密度0.91 mWh/cm²。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press     

INFOPRINT 2014 was Successfully Held in Dongguan

Sponsored by Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China （PEIAC） and organized by Print China magazine, the Seventeenth Beijing International Printing Information Conference （INFOPRINT 2014） was successfully held on 11th Dec. 2014 at Dongguan Exhibition International Hotel.