自适应阈值局部特征融合的人脸识别

针对局部二值模式(local binary pattern,LBP)提取图像纹理特征时阈值不能自适应以及缺少方向信息的问题,文章提出了一种自适应阈值局部特征融合的人脸识别算法。首先对原始人脸图像进行分块处理,提取每个子块自适应阈值均匀模式的局部二值模式(uniform local binary pattern,ULBP)特征和局部梯度编码(local gradient coding,LGC)特征;然后,将2种局部特征串联在一起融合为1种特征,得到每个子块的直方图特征,把每个子块图像的信息熵作为直方图加权系数,将所有子块图像的直方图乘以各自的加权系数,连接得到整幅人脸图像的直方图特征;最后用支持向量机(support vector machine,SVM)分类器进行识别分类。在ORL、Yale、FERET(be、bj、bf子库)人脸数据库上进行试验,该人脸识别算法分别得到了99.0%、98.7%、87.5%、93.0%、88.5%的识别率,正确识别率较高,算法对其他纹理分类、目标识别也具有一定的参考价值。     

基于混合Gauss模型的鲁棒性人脸识别算法

针对人脸图像受表情、光照、角度变化等因素影响,传统算法难以获得较理想的人脸识别结果问题,提出一种基于混合Gauss模型的鲁棒人脸识别算法.先将每副图像划分成子块,提取其方向梯度直方图特征,并加入子块相应的空间位置信息产生人脸图像的局部特征向量;再采用全部图像的局部特征向量训练混合Gauss模型生成人脸特征向量;最后采用最小二乘支持向量机建立人脸识别分类器,实现人脸匹配与识别.采用ORL,Yale和CIGIT人脸库进行仿真对比测试,仿真结果表明,该算法的人脸识别率高于其他人脸识别算法,对光照、角度、表情等有较强的鲁棒性,且可以获得更快的人脸识别速度.     

基于LTP和局部PCA的低分辨率人脸识别算法

针对单特征提取人脸识别算法识别率较低的问题,提出一种基于多特征融合的低分辨率人脸识别算法.首先,利用局部三值模式(local ternary pattern, LTP)和局部主成分分析(principal component analysis, PCA)提取低分辨率人脸特征,将其分割成若干块并统计各子块的特征直方图;其次,融合各子块的局部主成分分析和局部三值模式的直方图并级联各个分块,作为新的人脸特征;最后,通过卡方距离度量训练集和测试集直方图的相似度,采用最近邻算法识别相似度.实验结果表明,所提算法对环境和光照变化更具鲁棒性,识别率得到有效提升.     

CLAHE融合低频DCT系数重变换的人脸识别算法

针对人脸识别中由于伪装(如围巾、太阳镜和头发)或其他物体引起的面部遮挡而严重影响识别率的问题,提出了CLAHE融合低频DCT系数重变换的人脸识别算法。首先将图像划分成多个互不重叠的局部小块,使用受限直方图均衡化对局部子块进行局部对比拉伸以实现去噪;然后,通过缩减适当数目的低频DCT系数来消除人脸图像中的光照变化;最后,利用核主成分分析进行特征提取,最近邻分类器完成最终的人脸识别。在扩展Yale B、FRGC V2.0及一个户外人脸数据库上的实验验证了所提算法的有效性及鲁棒性。实验结果表明,相比几种线性表示算法,本文算法在处理鲁棒人脸识别时取得了更高的识别率。     

仿生算法与主成分分析相融合的人脸识别方法

基于人脸特征提取问题可以转化为组合优化问题这一思路,提出了仿生算法与主成分分析相融合的人脸识别算法.该方法先通过主成分分析方法得到人脸特征子空间;然后在已有特征的基础上,分别通过遗传算法与离散粒子群算法进一步提取出可使识别正确率达到最高的人脸图像特征.在ORL人脸库上的实验结果表明:与传统的主成分分析相比,该方法不仅能进一步降低特征子空间的维数,从而提高识别速度,而且能获得更高的识别率.     

复合不变矩和GLCM特征加权融合的人脸识别研究

为了提高人脸识别率,提出一种基于复合不变矩和灰度共生矩阵的特征提取方法 CHu-GLCM。首先将人脸图像分割成许多大小相等的子块,提取所有子块的不变矩特征,并按照一定的权重系数把所有子块的不变矩特征组合起来作为整幅人脸图像的复合不变矩特征,再提取人脸图像的灰度共生矩阵;然后利用支持向量机在决策层把人脸图像的复合不变矩特征和灰度共生矩阵进行加权融合;最后分别在ORL和YALE人脸库中进行实验检测。研究结果表明:在训练样本个数为5时,与传统的特征提取方法相比,给出的方法可以使人脸识别率至少提高4个百分点。     

基于子图特征组合的人脸识别技术研究

提出了一种基于子图特征组合的人脸特征提取方法,并结合BP神经网络给出一种人脸识别模型.模型首先将人脸图片分割为子图,然后对每个子图进行离散余弦变换并选择最大的余弦系数表示该子图,最后将这些系数组合为向量作为整幅图像的特征.我们选择BP神经网络作为人脸识别模型中的分类器,并通过实验优化相关参数.基于ORL数据库的模拟实验表明,所提出的特征提取算法是有效的,并且模型具有较高的识别率.     

基于改进LTP算子和稀疏表示的人脸表情识别

为了提高实际应用中的人脸表情识别率,本文提出了改进局部三值模式算法(ILTP),并结合稀疏表达分类器(SRC)组成新的算法应用于人脸表情识别.该算法首先利用ILTP算法对人脸表情图像进行特征提取,然后将得到的图像顶层特征数据和图像底层特征数据作为SRC的输入,从而完成人脸表情分类.基于JAFFE数据的实验结果表明:改进算法的人脸表情识别率达70.48%,具有较高的可行性.     

监督局部线性嵌入在人脸识别中的应用

为了提高人脸识别算法的识别率,提出了一种Gabor小波与监督局部线性嵌入(Supervised Locally Linear Embedding,SLLE)相结合的人脸特征提取算法。针对SLLE不能有效消除图像信息中冗余的高阶相关性,算法首先采用Gabor小波对人脸图像进行多方向、多分辨率滤波,提取图像在不同空间频率上的特征;然后采用监督的局部线性嵌入算法对该Gabor特征进行维数约简。在ORL和YALE人脸库上的实验显示,就算法有效提高了人脸识别的识别率。     

一种结合稀疏表示和切比雪夫矩的人脸识别算法

在基于稀疏表示的人脸识别算法的基础上,利用切比雪夫矩在图像重建及抗噪声方面的良好性能,提出了一种结合稀疏表示和切比雪夫矩的人脸识别算法,对有无加性噪声干扰的人脸图像进行识别.给出了详细的数学推导过程和算法实现步骤,并通过实验对算法进行了验证.针对扩展的Yale B人脸库和AR人脸库的识别结果表明,当特征空间维数为496时,该算法在不同光照条件和不同表情条件下的识别率分别为98.33%和88.72%,在添加椒盐噪声后像素破坏比例小于60%的条件下识别率为100%.与基于随机脸的最近邻分类法、最近子空间分类法及传统SRC算法相比,该算法在抵抗图像的细节信息变化方面具有更好的鲁棒性.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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