9个苜蓿品种引种对比试验研究

为满足畜牧业发展的要求,选育出适宜哈密地区两县一市种植的紫花苜蓿品种,2005～2007年对引自国内外的9种紫花苜蓿品种进行引种对比试验,通过物候期、株高、产量、干鲜比、茎叶比等各个指标的观测得出:甘农三号苜蓿、新牧一号杂花苜蓿、敖汉苜蓿产量较高,美国金皇后苜蓿、三得利苜蓿、美国WL232苜蓿次之,中牧一号苜蓿最低;三得利和美国WL232苜蓿茎叶比较高,甘农三号苜蓿最低;综合评价:9个苜蓿品种中,甘农三号苜蓿、新牧一号杂花苜蓿、敖汉苜蓿、美国金皇后苜蓿、三得利苜蓿、美国WL232苜蓿的综合性状好,产量高且稳定,草质好,适宜哈密地区推广种植。     

昌宁县紫花苜蓿品比试验报告

对保山市畜牧工作站提供的三个紫花苜蓿品种赛特、三得利、518进行栽培品比试验。结果表明：鲜草每667m。三年平均产量赛特最高,为10140．3kg;三得利次之,为9884．3kg;518最低,为9818．5kg。鲜干比以三得利最高,为24．2％;赛特次之,为20．8％;518最低,为19．6％。赛特、三得利、518三个品种的茎叶比分别为46．42：53．58、48．05：51．95和49．09：50．91。综合评价：三个紫花苜蓿品种都适宜在昌宁县推广种植,以赛特推广价值最大。     

17个紫花苜蓿品种生产性能和营养成分分析

为筛选出适应洛阳当地种植的紫花苜蓿品种,以提高紫花苜蓿种植效益,对引进的17个紫花苜蓿品种的鲜草产量、干草产量、株高、茎叶比以及粗蛋白、粗纤维、粗脂肪、粗灰分等反映其生产性能和品质特性的指标进行了测定与分析。结果表明:17个品种之间的产草量、株高、茎叶比、各类营养成分含量均存在差异,经过综合评价,表现良好的品种为中苜2号、WL324、WL323HQ,可在洛阳当地大面积推广应用。     

科尔沁沙地紫花苜蓿的引种研究初报

以国外引进的8个紫花苜蓿Medicago sativa品种为试材,于2002-2003年在科尔沁沙地水浇地条件下进行引种试验.结果表明:越冬率在80%以上的品种有6个,占供试品种的75%;各品种平均分枝数差异显著,以农宝最高,苜蓿王最低;干草产量由高到低依次为农宝、阿尔冈金、WL-323HQ、费纳尔、WL-324、全能、WL-232HQ、苜蓿王;平均粗蛋白含量以苜蓿王和阿尔冈金相对较高,全能最低;粗蛋白产量以阿尔冈金最高,农宝、WL-323HQ位居其次.综合越冬率、草产量和营养品质认为,阿尔冈金、WL-323HQ和农宝是科尔沁沙地农田种植紫花苜蓿的适宜品种.     

紫花苜蓿品种蔬菜利用特性评价与筛选

以30个非秋眠和半秋眠紫花苜蓿品种为试验材料,筛选适宜长江中下游地区种植的蔬菜型紫花苜蓿品种。结果显示:根据播种第2年春季3次刈割紫花苜蓿再生苗的累积产量、累积株高和茎叶比,将30个紫花苜蓿品种划分成为4类,前两类的株高和生物量均比较低,不具有作为高产蔬菜栽培利用的价值;对第3和第4类17个紫花苜蓿品种的农艺性状和口感、粗蛋白含量和酸性洗涤纤维含量等性状进行综合评价,筛选出WL656、GTBR PLUS和丰叶721三个再生能力强、产量和营养价值高、口感好的紫花苜蓿品种,适宜作为蔬菜栽培利用。     

不同苜蓿品种在青岛地区的适应性

2007-2010年,在青岛地区对引进的23个国内外苜蓿品种进行了膜侧种植、无灌溉、无施肥模式的田间试验,观测分析了各品种产草量、株高、茎叶比等指标。结果表明,23个苜蓿品种在青岛普遍生长良好,国外品种生产性能优于国内品种;播种当年干草产量膜侧种植组明显高于直接播种组,干草产量增幅(除甘农4号、新疆大叶和牧歌401外)均在50%以上;干草产量与年均日照时数、年均温的灰色关联度分别达到0.795 5和0.878 9,而与年均降水量关联度仅为0.569 1;株高最高的是WL323为87.8 cm,最低的是敖汉苜蓿,仅74.7 cm;供试23个品种的干草产量与株高均存在显著性差异,株高与草产量相关系数达到0.65以上,具有很高的正相关性;茎叶比最低的是牧歌401,仅为1.22,绝大多数苜蓿品种的茎叶比有逐年增加的趋势。综合评价认为供试23个苜蓿品种中的WL323、牧歌401、驯鹿3个品种综合生产性能较好,适宜在青岛地区辅以膜侧种植模式进行大面积推广。     

不同秋眠级紫花苜蓿在贵州地区的引种试验

为了解紫花苜蓿在贵州省不同地区的适应性,分别对WL系列7个秋眠级的紫花苜蓿在贵州3个地区的株高、产量及干鲜比等指标进行了品比试验。结果表明:参试7个紫花苜蓿品种第1次刈割时的株高、干草产量最高,第2、3次刈割时逐渐降低。不同茬次间紫花苜蓿干鲜比存在差异,随着刈割次数的增加,干鲜比逐渐升高,但品种间差异性不显著。不同品种间紫花苜蓿株高及干草产量也存在显著性差异;初花期WL712、WL656植株的平均高度最高,但WL712的干草产量较低。贵阳麦坪地区适宜种植的品种有WL440和WL354;独山地区适宜种植的品种有WL440和WL525;威宁地区适宜种植的品种有WL440和WL366。     

紫花苜蓿品种在河北低平原区的引进筛选试验研究

在河北低平原区对引进的11个紫花苜蓿品种进行了三年的比较试验。结果表明：保定苜蓿鲜草产量最高，其次是中苜1号、WL323ML；中苜1号干草产量最高，其次是WL323ML、保定苜蓿；WL323ML粗蛋白质产量最高，其次是顶点、中苜1号。保定苜蓿、中苜1号株高、鲜干比、茎叶比明显较低。保定苜蓿、中苜1号抗涝性较强，但抗倒性较差。各品种抗寒性、抗旱性均较强，无明显差异。综合分析WL323ML表现最优，宜作为河北低平原区进行推广的首选品种。     

12个紫花苜蓿品种在宁夏南部山区适应性评价

为了筛选出适合在宁夏南部山区推广种植的苜蓿品种,试验对12个紫花苜蓿品种物候期、越冬率、株高、枝条数、茎叶比、年草产量等农艺性状指标进行了测定,并运用聚类分析法进行综合评价。结果表明:各品种返青期有早有迟,整体上物候期的差异不明显。而在生长特性、生产性能上差异较大,甘农4号、中兰1号、皇后等3个品种具有较好的生产能力和生态适应性,适宜在该地区进行种植推广;WL232、勇士、WL319HQ等3个品种越冬性较差,植株较矮,生产性能低下,不宜在该地区种植推广。     

多品种紫花苜蓿豫西地区引种比较试验

通过对新引进的12个紫花苜蓿品种．在2002～2003年进行的品种比较试验，结果表明：返青较早的有牧歌、全能 z、WL324、WL323 ml、国产苜蓿；全能 z、三得利、国产苜蓿、牧歌茎叶比在1：1～1．2：1，相对较小；第一生长年WL 324、牧歌、国产苜蓿、三得利青干草产量在550kg以上，产量相对较高，第二生长年全能 z、三得利、牧歌、WL 323ml青干草产量在1000kg以上．WL324青干草产量达到990kg，产量相对较高。经综合衡量，牧歌、WL324、全能 z、三得利等品种表现比其它品种好．生长快，产量高，草质优，适宜在豫西地区大面积种植。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.