折射率梯度引起反转的光自旋霍尔效应研究

从经典电动力学出发,研究了由折射率梯度导致的反转光自旋霍尔效应。通过分析光从光疏介质入射到光密介质和从光密介质入射到光疏介质两种情况,揭示了光自旋霍尔效应中的横移与偏振态、折射率梯度以及入射角等因素的定性关系。当入射角一定时,光从光疏介质入射到光密介质时的水平偏振横移绝对值大于垂直偏振横移,而从光密介质入射到光疏介质的情况正好与之相反,并且传输场的横移方向取决于折射率梯度方向,增大入射角能明显增强光自旋霍尔效应,对某一特定的线偏振光束,其左、右旋圆偏振光分量的横移等值反向。这些研究结果为调控光自旋霍尔效应提供了有效途径。     

转换反射中光自旋霍尔效应的自旋堆积方向

从理论上和实验上研究了转换反射中光自旋霍尔效应的自旋堆积方向的方法,建立了描述光束在空气-棱镜界面反射的自旋堆积模型,揭示了横移与光束入射偏振角的定性关系。研究发现,当入射角小于布儒斯特角时,随着入射偏振角的逐渐增大,自旋堆积的方向发生反转。而当入射角大于布儒斯特角时,自旋堆积的方向不再随入射偏振角的变化而反转。结果表明,在光束入射角为确定值且小于布儒斯特角的情况下,可以通过调控光束的入射偏振角转换自旋堆积的方向。转换自旋堆积方向的研究为有效调控光自旋霍尔效应提供了新的途径。     

光自旋霍尔效应中横移的影响因素研究

研究了光束在空气与电介质分界面传输产生的自旋霍尔效应,揭示了光束重心横移分别与偏振态、折射率差以及入射角三者之间的定性关系.研究发现各光场横移都随偏振参量增大而增大,左、右旋椭圆偏振光的横移等值反向,圆偏振态下的横移比椭圆偏振态下的横移大.改变折射率差的大小,反射光横移随折射率差的增大而减小,但当折射率差接近零时,反射...     

基于合金介电常数的可控特性增强光子自旋霍尔效应

基于平面角谱理论,系统研究了BK7玻璃-合金薄膜-空气结构中合金介电常数的变化对反射光自旋霍尔效应的调控规律.数值仿真结果表明,该结构发生表面等离激元共振的共振角主要受合金介电常数实部的影响,随介电常数实部的增加而增大,而虚部对共振角变化的影响相对较小.不同介电常数合金在其共振角处得到的较大光子自旋霍尔效应横移呈集中的带状分布,选取介电常数-2.8+1.6i的Ag-Ni合金时,光子自旋霍尔效应横移能达到1.2×10~5 nm.研究还发现将入射角固定为44.1°时,光子自旋霍尔效应横移随合金介电常数的变化呈轴对称分布,并以最大值为中心呈球面状辐射,离中心点越远光子自旋霍尔效应横移越小.选取介电常数-10.6+1.2i的Ag-Au合金时,光子自旋霍尔效应横移最大能达到8000 nm,相比于以往纯金属纳米结构BK7玻璃-金-空气中得到的最大光子自旋霍尔效应横移3000 nm有了较大的提高.该研究不仅能够有效增强光子自旋霍尔效应,还能为设计等离激元共振传感器等纳米光子器件提供理论依据.     

光自旋霍尔效应及其研究进展

光束在经过非均匀介质后,自旋角动量相反(左、右旋圆偏振)的光子在垂直于入射面的横向相互分离,造成光束的自旋分裂,这种现象叫做光自旋霍尔效应.它类似于电子系统中的自旋霍尔效应:自旋光子扮演自旋电子的角色,而折射率梯度则起外场作用.光自旋霍尔效应为操控光子提供了新的途径,在纳米光学、量子信息和半导体物理方面具有重要的应用前景;同时由于它与凝聚态和高能物理中的带电粒子自旋霍尔效应有高度的相似性和共同的拓扑根源,所以又为测量自旋霍尔效应这类弱拓扑现象提供了独特而又方便的机会.文章简单介绍了光自旋霍尔效应,并总结了近几年国内外的研究进展.     

光自旋霍尔效应中的交叉偏振特性研究

从光束角谱理论出发建立了描述光自旋霍尔效应的傍轴传输模型, 利用这一模型分析了光自旋霍尔效应中的交叉偏振特性. 通过分析交叉偏振效应强度和入射角变化的规律, 发现交叉偏振效应越强, 光自旋霍尔效应中的自旋分裂越大. 为便于实验观察, 将入射角选在光自旋霍尔效应较强的布儒斯特角附近, 观测到了强的交叉偏振效应. 增大交叉偏振分量的同时减小初始偏振分量, 可显著增强光自旋霍尔效应. 这一调控方法为研制基于光自旋霍尔效应的新型光子器件提供了理论基础.     

光子自旋霍尔效应及其在物性参数测量中的应用

光子自旋霍尔效应是指光束在非均匀介质中传输时,自旋角动量相反的光子在垂直于入射 面的方向发生的横向自旋相关分裂。光子自旋霍尔效应可以和电子自旋霍尔效应作类比：自旋光 子扮演自旋电子的角色,折射率梯度扮演外场的角色。光子自旋霍尔效应源于光的自旋-轨道相互 作用,和两类几何相位有关：一类是动量空间的自旋重定向Rytov-Vlasimirskii-Berry 相位;另 一类是斯托克斯参数空间的Pancharatnam-Berry 相位。光子自旋霍尔效应对物性参数非常敏感, 结合量子弱测量技术,在物性参数测量、光学传感等领域具有重要的应用前景。本文将简单分析 光子自旋霍尔效应的物理根源,回顾近几年不同物理系统中光子自旋霍尔效应的研究进展,介绍 光子自旋霍尔效应在物性参数测量中的应用。最后,展望其在光学模拟运算、显微成像、量子成 像等领域的可能发展方向。     

光学马格努斯效应中的横向角移分析

从平面角谱理论出发,建立了光束在空气和玻璃界面折射的传输模型.基于这一模型,揭示了光学马格努斯效应中的横向角移现象.对于特定的线偏振和椭圆偏振光束,其折射场重心出现了横向角移,而当入射光束为圆偏振时,横向角移则会消失.在正负折射率界面,光束的横向角移产生了反转现象,这是由于光束在左手材料中发生了负衍射.超高折射率可明显地减少横向角移,而超低折射率则可显著地增强横向角移.这些发现将为如何调控和增强光学马格努斯效应提供理论依据. 关键词： 光学马格努斯效应 横向角移 圆偏振     

手征和运动介质界面异常光自旋霍尔效应

文章讨论了偏振高斯光束在空气-手征介质界面的反射和折射问题,发现了反射和折射光束的异常自旋霍尔效应.在某些特定的角度下,反射高斯光束重心的移动可以达到几十个波长的量级,通过调节手征参数,甚至会出现折射光重心移动方向由正到负的转变.文章还讨论了任意偏振高斯光束在空气-运动介质界面的反射和透射问题,当介质垂直于入射平面运动时,反射和透射光束的横向移动可以达到几个波长的量级,甚至在某些运动速度下可以实现移动方向正负的改变.这些研究对控制光的自旋霍尔效应提供了可能的途径.     

艾里光束通过负折射率介质的传输特性

为了研究艾里光束(Airy beams)通过负折射率介质中的传输特性,利用ABCD矩阵光学理论推导出了Airy光束通过负折射率介质的传输解析表达式.利用该解析表达式得到了Airy光束通过负折射率介质的传输特性.计算结果表明,Airy光束通过负折射率介质后的自加速和光强都可以通过负折射率介质的工作频率调控.Airy光束通过负折射率介质的横向偏转系数随传输距离z的增大而加速偏转;同时当传输距离z相同而负折射率介质的工作频率不同时,偏转系数也不相同.Airy光束的强度和偏转度都可以通过负折射率介质的工作频率调控.结果显示可以利用负折射率介质的工作频率方便有效地调控Airy光束,研究结果在光学器件设计和医学科学中都有潜在的应用价值.     

Spin-to-orbital angular momentum conversion in spin Hall effect of light

From the viewpoint of classical electrodynamics, we identify the role of spin-to-orbital angular momentum conversion in spin Hall effect (SHE) of light. We introduce a distinct separation between spin and orbital angular momenta to clarify the spin–orbital interaction in conventional beam refraction. We demonstrate that the refractive index gradient can enhance or suppress the spin-to-orbital angular momentum conversion, and thus can control the SHE of light. We suggest that the metamaterial whose refractive index can be tailored arbitrarily may become a good candidate for amplifying or eliminating the SHE of light, and by properly facilitating the spin-to-orbital angular momentum conversion the SHE may be enhanced dramatically. The transverse spatial shifts governed by the spin-to-orbital angular momentum conversion, provide us a clear physical picture to clarify the role of refractive index gradient in the SHE of light. These findings provide a pathway for modulating the SHE of light and can be extrapolated to other physical systems.     

Photonic spin Hall effect and terahertz gas sensor via InSb-supported long-range surface plasmon resonance

We propose a simple one-dimensional grating coupling system that can excite multiple surface plasmon resonances for refractive index(RI)sensing with self-reference characteristics in the near-infrared band.Using theoretical analysis and the finite-difference time-domain method,the plasmonic mechanism of the structure is discussed in detail.The results show that the excited resonances are independent of each other and have different fields of action.The mode involving extensive interaction with the analyte environment achieves a high sensitivity of 1236 nm/RIU,and the figure of merit(FOM)can reach 145 RIU-1.Importantly,the mode that is insensitive to the analyte environment exhibits good self-reference characteristics.Moreover,we discuss the case of exchanging the substrate material with the analyte environment.Promising simulation results show that this RI sensor can be widely deployed in unstable and complicated environments.     

Photonic Spin Hall Effect as a Highly Sensitive Refractive Index Sensing Platform for Glucose

This study presents an innovative refractive index (RI) sensor that measures glucose concentration by utilizing the photonic spin Hall effect (SHE) in a resonant optical tunneling effect (ROTE) structure. The ROTE structure consists of three InP layers with the high RI and two analyte layers (with a high-low-high-low-high RI distribution), in which glucose solution samples with the low RI are injected. By subjecting the InP layers to external bias-assisted light, the photonic SHE can be flexibly manipulated, enabling the modulation of the sensing performance accordingly. It is found that the transverse shift of photonic SHE presents a large variation in response to the tiny change in glucose concentrations. By optimizing the parameters (i.e., intensity or wavelength) of bias light, the sensitivity of this sensor can reach as high as 735.7 µm RIU⁻¹. Compared to traditional glucose sensors, this original work implements the novel photonic SHE with the superior sensing performance. Therefore, the proposed design shows promising potential for biomedical applications, such as medical diagnoses and drug discovery.     

Switching the direction of spin accumulation in the spin Hall effect of light by adjusting the optical axis of an uniaxial crystal

We theoretically and experimentally investigate a switchable spin Hall effect (SHE) of light in reflection near the Brewster angle at an air-uniaxial crystal interface. We find a large transverse spin splitting near the Brewster angle, whose sign can be altered by rotating the optical axis. As an analogy of the SHE in an electronic system, a switchable spin accumulation in the SHE of light is detected. We are able to switch the direction of the spin accumulation by adjusting the optical axis angle of the uniaxial crystal. These findings may give opportunities for photon spin manipulating and developing a new generation of nano-photonic devices.     

The family of topological Hall effects for electrons in skyrmion crystals

Hall effects of electrons can be produced by an external magnetic field, spin–orbit coupling or a topologically non-trivial spin texture. The topological Hall effect (THE) – caused by the latter – is commonly observed in magnetic skyrmion crystals. Here, we show analogies of the THE to the conventional Hall effect (HE), the anomalous Hall effect (AHE), and the spin Hall effect (SHE). In the limit of strong coupling between conduction electron spins and the local magnetic texture the THE can be described by means of a fictitious, “emergent” magnetic field. In this sense the THE can be mapped onto the HE caused by an external magnetic field. Due to complete alignment of electron spin and magnetic texture, the transverse charge conductivity is linked to a transverse spin conductivity. They are disconnected for weak coupling of electron spin and magnetic texture; the THE is then related to the AHE. The topological equivalent to the SHE can be found in antiferromagnetic skyrmion crystals. We substantiate our claims by calculations of the edge states for a finite sample. These states reveal in which situation the topological analogue to a quantized HE, quantized AHE, and quantized SHE can be found.     

A Promising Mechanism for Photonic Spin Hall Effect and Refractive Index Sensing: Surface Exciton Polaritons

Surface polaritons are surface electromagnetic waves propagating along the surface of a medium, which play an important role in enhancing the photonic spin Hall effect (SHE). Among them, the successful excitation of surface exciton polaritons (SEPs) often requires cryogenic temperature, which limits their practical applications. In this contribution, a promising mechanism is presented for enhancing the photonic SHE by taking advantage of room-temperature SEPs in a prism-glass-TDBC-air configuration. By depositing the TDBC layer on plasmon active metal, the hybrid polariton, namely, surface plasmon exciton polariton (SPEP) can be observed, which gives rise to the further enhancement of photonic SHE. Furthermore, a refractive index sensor based on SEP (or SPEP) enhanced photonic SHE is proposed with the superior sensing performance. The results pave the way for the realization of giant photonic SHE in this simple and promising method, and offer the opportunity for developing highly sensitive optical sensors.     

Photonic spin Hall effect in PT symmetric metamaterials

We proposed and demonstrated that PT symmetric metamaterials could be used to achieve enhanced spin Hall effect (SHE) of light. We find that when laser mode is excited in PT symmetric system, the enhanced SHE could be obtained in both transmitted and reflected beams. In addition, as exceptional points (EPs) of PT symmetric system can happen for both p- and s-polarizations, the enhanced SHE of reflected light can function for both horizontally and vertically polarized incident beams. Particularly, these EPs can lead to unidirectional reflectionlessness, asymmetric SHE with maximum contrast ratio of 48 is obtained by launching light beams near EPs. Our work opens up a new path to obtain enhanced transverse displacement for both reflected and transmitted light and enables more opportunities in manipulating photonic SHE.