2507超级双相不锈钢的热变形行为

用MMS-200热模拟实验机对2507超级双相不锈钢(/%:0.022C、0.58Si、25.35Cr、7.17Ni、4.05Mo、0.28N)12 mm热轧板在1 000～1150℃、应变速率0.01～10s^-1下进行了热压缩实验。实验结果表明,在应变速率一定的条件下,变形温度越高,2507超级双相不锈钢峰值应力越低;在变形温度一定的条件下,峰值应力随着应变速率的增加而增加。根据热变形方程计算得到压缩变形时的平均表观应力指数n=3.25,热变形激活能Q=460kJ/mol。基于实验数据构建了2507超级双相不锈钢在相应变形条件下的热变形方程。     

超级双相不锈钢S32750板材的冶炼工艺研究

介绍了00Cr25Ni7Mo4N在冶炼过程中高N含量控制工艺和钢质纯净度控制工艺。通过确定合理的控N及吹Ar参数,实现精确N含量控制;通过进行Al、Si-Ca及稀土强化脱硫脱氧,保证了良好的钢质纯净度。     

固溶处理对超级双相不锈钢S32750组织和性能的影响

研究了950～1 200℃60 min水冷的固溶处理对超级双相不锈钢S32750(/%:0.02C、0.49Si、1.03Mn、0.026S、0.001P、25.01 Cr、7.03Ni、3.80Mo、0.29N)12 mm板的组织、力学性能和耐蚀性的影响。结果表明,随固溶温度升高,钢中铁素体相增加,奥氏体相减少;在950℃加热时铁素体中析出大量σ-相,使钢的性能恶化,在1 050～1 100℃固溶处理后,钢中铁素体相和奥氏体相各占50%, S32750钢具有较好的综合力学性能和优良的耐蚀性能。     

海水管道系统用大口径S32750超级双相不锈钢焊接管道制造研究

介绍了某核电厂海水管道系统用S32750焊接管道的制造方法,采用等离子弧焊并添加填充金属制造Φ610 mm×6.35 mm管道,可以实现单道次单面焊、双面成型,焊缝质量稳定,提高了生产效率.在不经热处理的情况下,管材的各项性能(拉伸、弯曲、硬度、耐腐蚀等)均能满足标准及一般工况要求,可以避免管材因不恰当的热处理带来的一系列问题.     

铸态超级双相不锈钢S32750热变形行为及组织演变

通过Gleeble-3800热压缩实验研究了铸态超级双相不锈钢S32750(/%:0. 017C,0.53Si,0.93Mn,0.023P,0.001S,25.58Cr,7.00Ni,4.03Mo,0.28N)在变形温度为950～1200℃、应变速率为0.1～25/s、真应变为1条件下的热变形行为与组织演变规律。结果表明,超级双相不锈钢S32750热变形行为受变形温度和应变速率的影响明显。在950～1050℃、0.1/s变形时,流变曲线表现出"类屈服平台"特征;当变形温度为1100～1200或应变速率为10/s、25/s时,流变曲线为典型的动态再结晶特征。对其微观组织进行观察发现,铁素体在各变形条件下均发生动态再结晶;奥氏体在950℃和1200℃时基本不受应变速率影响,前者发生动态回复,后者发生动态再结晶。而在1050℃时,受应变速率影响较大:小应变速率下(0.1/s)下发生动态回复,大应变速率下(10/s)发生动态再结晶。     

固溶温度对超级双相不锈钢S32750板材组织和耐蚀性的影响

研究了920～1100℃固溶处理温度对S32750钢中板(%:0.022C、25.35Cr、7.17 Ni、4.05Mo、0.28N)组织和6%FeCl₃+0.05NHCl溶液耐蚀性的影响。结果表明,≤1000℃固溶处理时,钢中析出脆性σ-相,铁素体含量≤11%,钢的硬度增加,钢的塑性、韧性和耐蚀性急剧下降,于1050～1100℃固溶处理,钢中组织为46%～47%铁素体+奥氏体组织,具有良好的综合力学性能和高的耐蚀性。     

双相不锈钢2205铸态组织的热变形研究

研究了工业连铸双相不锈钢2205在不同温度和应变速率下的热变形过程。通过单道次热模拟压缩试验分析了铸态2205流变应力与温度和应变速率的关系,计算出铸态2205的热变形激活能Q=599 kJ/mol,说明铸态2205热加工性能较差。组织分析显示,两相之间变形不协调是相界微裂纹产生的根本原因。     

热等静压UNS S32750超级双相不锈钢的组织和性能

采用等离子旋转电极雾化-热等静压工艺制备了UNS S32750超级双相不锈钢。利用光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、电子背散射衍射、万能试验机等手段研究了热等静压UNS S32750超级双相不锈钢固溶处理前后的显微组织和力学性能。结果表明:采用等离子旋转电极雾化制备的UNS S32750超级双相不锈钢粉末在150 MPa 压力下,经1200 ℃×3 h热等静压烧结后实现了致密化,相对密度为99.7%。随炉缓冷过程中,烧结件中析出的σ相导致材料韧性显著下降。经1035 ℃×1 h固溶处理后水淬,σ相完全溶解,材料韧性显著提高,显微组织为α和γ两相组织,体积比为65:35,抗拉强度791 MPa,屈服强度586 MPa,断后伸长率38%,冲击吸收功236 J。     

254SMo超级奥氏体不锈钢的热变形行为

 在 Gleeble-1500热模拟试验机上进行了热拉伸试验和单道次热压缩变形试验,研究了254SMo的热塑性以及变形温度、变形速率等对其热变形行为的影响。根据热拉伸试验,确定了254SMo的最佳热塑性温度区间为1200~1250℃,热加工温度区间窄;由热压缩试验获得了254SMo的热变形激活能Qdef,并分析了再结晶机制,建立了254SMo的Z-Hollomen参数方程。     

固溶温度对S32750双相不锈钢低周疲劳性能的影响

通过OM观察、电子背散射衍射技术、显微硬度测试、拉伸及疲劳试验研究了5种固溶温度试验钢的组织形态及低周疲劳性能。结果表明,当固溶温度由1 050℃升至1 180℃时,试验钢屈服强度与抗拉强度分别提升41、31.5 MPa,低周疲劳寿命延长85%。随着固溶温度的升高,试验钢中α相含量由46.5%升至58.9%,也导致两相内主元素发生再分配,α相内Ni、N含量的增加,使其显微硬度由300提升至324,这是试验钢疲劳寿命提高的原因之一;其二,随着固溶温度的升高,α相内的局部取向差减小,使α相在循环过程中能承受更多载荷,进而提高试验钢低周疲劳寿命。     

Optimization of Hot Workability in Superaustenitic Stainless Steel 654SMO

Hot compression tests were conducted on a Gleeble-3800 machine in a temperature range of 950 to 1200 ℃ and a strain rate range of 0. 001 to 10 s-1 in order to study the hot deformation behaviour of superaustenitic stainless steel 654SMO. The results show that peak stress increases with decreasing temperature and increasing strain rate, and the apparent activation energy of this alloy was determined to be about 494 kJ/mol. The constitutive equation which can be used to relate the peak stress to the absolute temperature and strain rate was obtained. The processing maps for hot working developed on the basis of flow stress data and the dynamic materials model were adopted to op- timize the hot workability. It is found that the features of the maps obtained in the strain range of 0.2 to 1.0 are fun- damentally similar, indicating that the strain does not have a substantial influence on processing map. The combina- tion of processing map and mierostructural observations indicates that the favorable hot deformation conditions are located in two domains of processing map. The first domain occurs in the temperature range of 980 to 1035 ℃ and strain rate range of 0. 001 to 0.01 s-1 with a peak efficiency of 55%. The second domain appears in the temperature range of 1 120 to 1 180 ℃ and strain rate range of 0.3 to 3 s-1 with peak efficiency of 35%. Compared to other stable domains, the specimens deformed in these two domains exhibit full dynamic recrystallization grains with finer and more uniform sizes. An instability domain occurs at temperatures below 1 100 ℃ and strain rate above 0.1 s-1 , and flow instability is manifested in the form of flow localization.     

Hot Compression Behavior of AsCast Precipitation Hardening Stainless Steel

 High temperature deformation characteristics of a semiaustenitic grade of precipitation hardening stainless steels were investigated by conducting hot compression tests at temperatures of 900-1 100 ℃ and strain rates of 0001-1 s-1. Flow behavior of this alloy was investigated and it was realized that dynamic recrystallization (DRX) was responsible for flow softening. The correlation between critical strain for initiation of DRX and deformation parameters including temperature and strain rate, and therefore, Zener Hollomon parameter (Z) was studied. Metallographic observation was performed to determine the as deformed microstructure. Microstructural observation shows that recrystallized grain size increases with increasing the temperature and decreasing the strain rate. The activation energy required for DRX of the investigated steel was determined using correlations of flow stress versus temperature and strain rate. The calculated value of activation energy, 460 kJ/mol, is in accordance with other studies on stainless steels. The relationship between peak strain and Z parameter is proposed.     

双相不锈钢2205的热加工性能研究

研究了双相不锈钢2205在1 000~1 200℃温度、应变速率0.01~30 s-1下压缩变形的热加工行为。讨论了该条件下的应力应变曲线的特征并根据sinh-Arrhenius方程计算了其形变激活能为519 KJ/mol。通过对试样的金相及TEM观察,讨论了双相不锈钢中的奥氏体相和铁素体相在热变形中的回复、再结晶机制。     

Effects of Temperature and Strain Rate on Flow Behavior and Microstructural Evolution of Super Duplex Stainless Steel under Hot Deformation

Hot compression tests were carried out in the temperature range of 1 223-1 473 Kand strain rate range of0.01-30s-1 to investigate the flow behavior and microstructural evolution of super duplex stainless steel 2507(SDSS2507).It is found that most of the flow curves exhibit a characteristic of dynamic recrystallization(DRX)and the flow stress increases with the decrease of temperature and the increase of strain rate.The apparent activation energy Qof SDSS2507 with varying true strain and strain rate is determined.As the strain increases,the value of Qdeclines in different ways with varying strain rate.The microstructural evolution characteristics and the strain partition between the two constituent phases are significantly affected by the Zener-Hollomon parameter(Z).At a lower lnZ,dynamic recovery(DRV)and continuous dynamic recrystallization(CDRX)of the ferrite dominate the softening mechanism during the compression.At this time,steady state deformation takes place at the last stage of deformation.In contrast,a higher lnZ will facilitate the plastic deformation of the austenite and then activate the discontinuous dynamic recrystallization(DDRX)of the austenite,which leads to a continuous decline of the flow stress even at the last deformation stage together with CDRX of the ferrite.