中国鲃亚科金线鲃属鱼类一新种——黄田金线鲃(鲤形目:鲤科)

该文记述了采自广西贺州市贺江水系——洞穴的鲤科鲃亚科金线鲃属鱼类一新种,命名为黄田金线鲃(Sinocyclocheilus huangtianensis Zhu,Zhu et Lan sp.nov.)。新种眼睛正常,背鳍末根不分枝鳍条柔软,后缘无锯齿,与属内同分布在贺江水系的已知种季氏金线鲃及邻近漓江水系的桂林金线鲃相似,但新种侧线鳞为52～59枚,侧线上鳞17～23,侧线下鳞16～17,围尾柄鳞40～46,鳃耙9～10,眼径为体长的4.3%～5.4%,眼间距为体长的9.2%～9.6%,口宽为体长的6.0%～7.3%,与季氏金线鲃和桂林金线鲃有明显区别。     

广西金线鲃属一新种

描记采于广西凌云县泗城镇沙洞地下河中的金线属 1新种 ,以采集地县名命名为凌云金线Sinocyclocheiluslingyunensissp nov 。新种以侧线鳞 71～ 78对 48～ 5 0 ;背鳍最末不分枝鳍条下半部为硬刺 ,后缘有锯齿对纤细柔软 ,光滑无锯齿等特征区别于相近种季氏金线S jiiZhangetDai。     

中国广西金线鲃属盲鱼一新种——安水金线鲃(Sinocyclocheilus anshuiensis sp.nov.)

2012年6—7月,于广西壮族自治区凌云县逻楼镇附近一洞穴采集到金线鲃属一新种,并命名为安水金线鲃(Sinocyclocheilus anshuiensis sp.nov.)。该新种背鳍末根不分枝,鳍条基部为硬刺,后缘具锯齿,后半部柔软分节;背鳍分枝鳍条7;腹鳍起点位于背鳍起点之前;头后急剧隆起,头背交界处具一伸向上前方的肉质额骨突;侧线鳞34~38,与其相邻的上、下鳞片大小相当;尾柄上、下缘具发达肉质鳍褶。以上组合特征可与金线鲃属其他种类相区别。     

中国金线鲃属一新种——季氏金线鲃(鲤形目:鲤科:鲃亚科)

作者于1984年11月在广西富川县境内采到鲤科鲃巴亚科金线鲃属鱼类一新种,命名为季氏金线鲃,新种Sinocyclocheilus jii sp.nov.     

贵州金线鲃属鱼类一新种记述(鲤形目,鲤科)

描记采于贵州省荔波县茂兰自然保护区范围内的尧兰村地下河中的金线鲃属一新种,命名为尧兰金线鲃Sinocyclocheilus yaolanensis Zhou, Li et Hou, sp. nov.新种的胸鳍、腹鳍和臀鳍等性状以及体形大致与东兰金线鲃Sinocyclocheilus donglanensis和高肩金线鲃Sinocyclocheilus altishoulderus相似.但是,新种的侧线鳞与二者都具有一定差距,新种的侧线鳞为52(20-21)/(10-11)54;东兰金线鲃为44(14-17)/(9-11)52;高肩金线鲃为54(14-17)/(9-11)58.     

贵州金线鲃属鱼类一新种记述(鲤形目,鲤科),封四

描记2009年8月采自贵州省荔波县茂兰自然保护区内洞塘乡地下河中的金线鲃属一新种,命名为洞塘金线鲃Sinocyclocheilus dongtangensis Zhou,Liu et Wang,sp.nov,正模标本编号为:20091123005,全长213.02 mm,体长167.12 mm;副模标本编号:20091123002,全长182.36 mm,体长139.26 mm.背鳍ⅲ-8,臀鳍ⅲ-5,胸鳍ⅰ-15-16,腹鳍ⅱ-8,尾鳍分枝鳍条16,不分枝鳍条10,下咽齿3行,2·3·4-4·3·2.该种的胸鳍和臀鳍等性状以及体形大致与巨须金线鲃S.hugeibarbus、高肩金线鲃S.altishoulderus和尧兰金线鲃S.yaolanensis相似,但新种的侧线鳞和第1鳃弓鳃耙数与三者都有一定差距,新种的侧线鳞为6520-26/16-1867;巨须金线鲃为6628-31/14-16-v71;高肩金线鲃为5414-17/9-11-v58; 尧兰金线鲃为5220-21/10-1154.新种的第1鳃弓鳃耙数为15;巨须金线鲃为9～11;高肩金线鲃为10～12;尧兰金线鲃为12～14.     

中国鲃亚科金线鲃属鱼类一新种及其生态和适应(鲤形目:鲤科)

1999年 11月在广西都安县下坳乡一岩洞地下水中采到 1尾鱼类标本 ,经鉴定为金线属一新种。新种与大鳞金线S .macrolepis和陆良金线S .macroscalus相近。但新种在背腹鳍相对位置以及背鳍末根不分枝鳍条后缘具锯齿等方面与上述两种存在明显差异 ;特别是该新种仅局限分布于洞穴中 ,就其生境来说也与上述两种更为不同。此外 ,新种头长与吻长和头长与眼径的比例是目前该属内已知最小的 ,眼明显偏大 ,反映出其对弱光生境条件的适应。     

金线鲃属三新种记述

笔者于19661988年在云南东部的南盘江水系采到一批金线鲃标本,其中有3个系科学上尚未记载的新种,现描述于后。     

广西金线Ba属一新种

描记采于广西凌云县泗城镇沙洞地下河中的金线Ｂａ属１新种,以采集地县名命名为凌云金线ＢａＳｉｎｏｃｙｃｌｏｃｈｅｉｌｕｓ ｌｉｎｇｙｕｎｅｎｓｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．。新种以侧线鳞７１－７８对４８－５０;背鳍最末不分枝鳍条下半部为硬刺,后缘有锯齿对纤细柔软,光滑无锯齿等特征区别于相近种季氏金线ＢａＳ．ｊｉｉ Ｚｈａｎｇ ｅｔＤａｉ。     

金线鲃属鱼类的起源及其适应演化

根据地史和东亚地区鱼类区系演化史,推测了金线属鱼类的起源时代及其与当时古地质和古气候事件的关系,认为该类群的原始祖先可能在第三纪晚期已经存在于云贵高原一带;较系统地研究了金线属鱼类的洞穴适应演化趋势,表明该类群在穴居适应过程中既表现出穴居鱼类的共同演化趋势,也表现出其独特的穴居适应方式。     

Sinocyclocheilus donglanensis, a new cavefish (Teleostei: Cypriniformes) from Guangxi, China

Sinocyclocheilus donglanensis, a new cyprinid species from a subterranean river in Donglan County in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of southern China, is described. It is distinguished from all congeners by the following combination of characteristics: a completely scaled body with well-developed eyes; a curved lateral line possessing 57–64 scales; pectoral fin not reaching pelvic fin origin and last unbranched ray of the dorsal fin clearly serrated along its posterior edge; 8–9 predorsal vertebrae; 8–9 gill rakers; joints of dentary-angulars not close to each other at the isthmus; and a slightly inferior mouth with the upper jaw (6.2–7.4% in standard length: SL) protruding slightly beyond the lower one (5.7–6.7% SL). Sinocyclocheilus donglanensis is sympatric with the peculiarly shaped, hunchbacked S. altishoulderus.     

阿庐金线鲃(Sinocyclocheilus aluensis Liet Xiao,2005)物种有效性及其重新描述

阿庐金线鲃(Sinocyclocheilus aluensis Li et Xiao,2005)曾为狭孔金线鲃(S.angustiporus Zheng et Xie,1985)的同物异名。该文在比对采自云南泸西县城郊龙潭的金线鲃标本和狭孔金线鲃模式标本后发现,两者间存在明显且稳定的形态差异,因此,阿庐金线鲃应为有效种。阿庐金线鲃背鳍起点位于腹鳍起点垂直线之后,可与狭孔金线鲃(背鳍起点与腹鳍起点正相对或稍前)相区别,且前者眼径及眼球径较小,而眼间距较宽(阿庐金线鲃分别为头长的22.4%～29.7%、16.0%～23.6%及21.0%～32.3%,狭孔金线鲃分别为头长的26.4%～38.9%、21.3%～29.0%及19.7%～22.6%)。     

A new species of Barbine genus Sinocyclocheilus (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) from Zuojiang River drainage in Guangxi, China

A new species of the genus Sinocyclocheilus is described based on specimens collected from Zuojiang River drainage, Guangxi, China. The new species, named Sinocyclocheilus jinxiensis, is distinguished from all congeners by its vestigial eyes, short barbels, long pectoral fin, eight to nine branched dorsal-fin rays, last unbranched dorsal-fin ray soft with serrations on posterior edge of its lower part, and 38–41 lateral line scales.     

Pseudobagrus brachyrhabdion, a new catfish (Teleostei: Bagridae) from the middle Yangtze River drainage, South China

Pseudobagrus brachyrhabdion sp. nov., from the Yuan Jiang and Xiang Jiang of the middle Yangtze River drainage in Hunan and Guizhou Provinces, South China, is described herein. It is distinguished from all other Pseudobagrus species with a truncate or slightly emarginated caudal fin by an unique combination of the following characters: supraoccipital plate and nuchal plate broadly interspaced and covered with skin; nasal barbels only at most reaching anterior margin of eye; maxillary barbels reaching slightly beyond posterior margin of eye; outer mandibular barbels extending to posterior margin of eye; dorsal fin with a somewhat convex distal margin, origin nearer to pectoral-fin insertion than to pelvic-fin insertion; dorsal-fin spine shorter than pectoral spine, with a somewhat serrated posterior margin; pectoral-fin spine with a smooth anterior margin; anal fin with 20–23 rays, base length 23.8–32.0% of standard length, posterior end of anal-fin base anterior to posterior end of adipose fin base; no longitudinal black band extending along flank; eyes large, diameter 16.3–23.7% of head length; and number of vertebrae 5 + 43–46.     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">Metzia longinasus</Emphasis>, a new cyprinid species (Teleostei: Cypriniformes) from the Pearl River drainage in Guangxi Province,South China

Metzia longinasus, a new cultrine cyprinid species from the Hongshui-He River of the Pearl River drainage in Guangxi Province, southern China, is described here. It can be distinguished from all other congeners by having a combination of the following characters: a superior mouth, 43 or 44 lateral-line scales, a long head (length 27.2–30.8% of standard length), a long snout (length 31.7–37.0% of head length), 10 or 11 branched anal-fin rays, and no longitudinal black band extending along each side of body from the extremity of the gill opening to caudal-fin base.     

Acrossocheilus multistriatus,a new species of barbine fish(Teleostei: Cyprinidae) from the Zhujiang River basin,South China

A new barbine cyprinid fish, Acrossocheilus multistriatus sp. nov., is described from the Zhujiang River(Pearl River) basin in South China. It is separated from all other barred congeners except A. monticola by its unique coloration pattern of 8–12 vs. 5–7 vertical dark bars on the dorsum and flank. Although 8 vertical black bars are also present in specimens of A. monticola, the new species is distinct from it by having a well-developed(vs. poor-developed) lower lip, with or without a median interruption(vs. with a median interruption which wider than 1/2 mouth width) on lower jaw, the lower jaw entirely covered(vs. uncoverd) by the lower lip, body depth 22.57%–25.22% SL(vs. 25.64%–32.26% SL). Additional characteristices as follows: last simple dorsal-fin ray soft without serration; dark stripes on membranes between dorsal-fin rays; dark stripes absent on membranes between anal fin rays; maxillary barbels longer than eye diameter, extending to posterior edge of eyes.     

A new miniature species of the genus Triplophysa (Balitoridae: Nemacheilinae) from Yunnan, China

During a re-examination of museum specimens of Triplophysa species, some specimens that had been collected from the Jialonghe River in Yunnan Province, China, in April 1975, were identified as a new species. Triplophysa parvus n. sp. can be distinguished by the following combination of characters: dorsal fin rays 3, ; anal fin rays 3, ; pectoral fin rays 1, 11; scales absent; two saddle-like blotches with fuzzy borders cranial to the dorsal fin and four saddle-like blotches caudal to the dorsal fin; distal margin of the dorsal fin emarginate; pelvic fin reaching caudally almost to the anus; anus located immediately cranial to the origin of the anal fin; caudal fin forked; caudal chamber of air bladder reduced to a small free protuberance; head slightly laterally compressed, head deeper than wide at nape; length of caudal peduncle being 18.0–20.0% of standard length; depth of caudal peduncle being 7.8–8.4% of standard length; eye diameter 17.6–21.4% of head length; body depth being 60.7–70.2% of head length; caudal peduncle depth being 39.1–45.0% of caudal peduncle length; and body width at the base of caudal peduncle 59.0–68.0% of the body depth at the base of caudal peduncle. These characters allow a distinction from the similar species of T. nasobarbatula, T. nandanensis, and T. macromaculata.     

BarredDanio species from the Irrawaddy River drainage (Teleostei, Cyprinidae)

The three barredDanio species known from the Irrawaddy River drainage are redescribed. Two species are known from southwestern Yunnan:Danio interruptus in the Husa He and Longchuan, Jian watersheds, andD. apogon abundantly in the main river and tributaries of the Daying Jiang basin. The third species,D. shanensis, occurs in the Myitnge basin of northern Shan State, Myanmar.Danio interruptus differs from other barredDanio species by having a short, incomplete lateral line, a deeper head, and shorter thicker dark vertical bars or blotches anteriorly on the sides.Danio shanensis has the lateral line either complete or incomplete, lesser head depth, and a series of deeper narrower vertical bars.Danio apogon has no lateral line, narrow or indistinct dark vertical bars, and a wide, but indistinct, horizonatal P stripe.Danio choprae, previously considered, as a barredDanio species, is more closely related to theD. dangila species group.