基于原子范数的MIMO雷达发射波形设计方法

针对现有多输入多输出(MIMO)雷达发射波形设计方法存在运算量高的问题,该文提出一种基于原子范数的MIMO雷达发射波形设计方法。根据原子范数的信号模型,该算法首先选择一个具有特殊结构的发射滤波器组以及一组正交信号,将MIMO雷达发射波形设计问题转化为原子范数最小化问题,然后采用半正定规划(SDP)对原子范数进行求解,得到(半)正定Toeplitz矩阵,并对其进行范德蒙分解实现发射滤波器组的估计,最后综合发射滤波器组与正交信号获得MIMO雷达的发射波形。理论分析与仿真结果表明,该算法满足等能量发射准则以及小的峰均功率比(PAPR)。同时,该算法相比于现有算法有较低的运算量以及良好的匹配性能。     

MIMO雷达正交相位编码信号设计及分析

针对MIMO雷达发射正交波形的要求,提出一种采用相位编码设计MIMO雷达信号的方法。该方法采用遗传优化算法,设计产生一组正交相位编码信号,并分析该组信号的自相关和互相关特性。文章最后分析了采用正交相位编码信号设计MIMO雷达信号存在的一些问题。     

基于SQP 算法的MIMO 雷达波形设计与工程实现

为了有效利用MIMO 体制雷达的波形分集能力,需要对雷达发射波形进行正交性设计,从工程实现 的角度出发,针对MIMO 雷达发射信号的正交性要求,利用序列二次规划方法设计正交相位编码信号波形。通过仿 真分析,重点研究了信号数量、码长对波形正交性能的影响以及波形与雷达发射方向图之间的关系,验证了该方法 的有效性和优异性,并与经典的遗传算法进行了仿真比较,最后依托波形产生系统完成了波形的工程实现,并且成 功应用到了雷达系统中。结果表明,采用该方法能够获得较低的自相关旁瓣峰值和互相关峰值,设计出符合雷达系 统要求的正交波形。     

干扰背景下MIMO雷达部分相关信号设计

在干扰背景下,集中式MIMO雷达可以通过设计发射波形提高系统的输出信干噪比,然而优化后的波形通常会具有较高的自相关旁瓣,降低了接收机对弱目标的检测性能。该文提出一种干扰背景下MIMO雷达部分相关信号设计方法。该方法在兼顾发射信号峰均比(PAPR)的同时,在发射天线对正交恒模波形进行加权处理,并以最大化接收机系统的输出信干噪比为准则建立目标函数,给出一种基于拟牛顿法的连续优化算法求解目标函数,获得最优加权,使得系统的输出信干噪比得到提升。仿真结果表明,该方法能够有效地抑制干扰,并可自适应地将发射信号能量辐射向目标方向,提高系统输出信干噪比。     

MIMO雷达相位编码波形设计与实现

MIMO雷达为了避免通道间的相互干扰,为了获得对多目标检测的高分辨率,因此设计具有低自相关旁瓣峰值和互相关的正交信号集对于实现MIMO雷达系统是至关重要的,正交相位编码信号就具有上述优点.针对MIMO雷达发射波形正交的特点,以二相码为例的设计原理,设计了一种由主控计算机、波形控制模块和数字中频合成模块构成的二相码波形产生器.给出了基于AD9910单频调制方式产生单通道二相码信号的方法和OSK功能产生多通道二相码信号的方法,并给出了测试结果,验证了方案的正确性和可行性.     

基于量子遗传算法的MIMO雷达正交信号波形设计

正交信号波形设计是MIMO雷达领域的研究热点,随着技术的发展,MIMO雷达对正交信号波形的性能要求越来越高。针对现有MIMO雷达正交信号波形互相关峰值较高且算法收敛速度慢的问题,为了提高码长较长的正交信号波形的性能,本文使用量子遗传算法,将量子计算与遗传算法相结合,进一步降低了波形的互相关峰值,一方面降低了不同目标回波之间的相互干扰,提高了雷达系统的检测性能,另一方面使雷达系统更难被敌方定位,提高了雷达的战场生存能力。仿真试验的结果表明,该方法能有效提高波形的正交性能,并加快了优化的速度。      

集中式MIMO雷达研究综述

多输入多输出(MIMO)雷达作为一种新体制雷达,利用其发射波形分集的特点,在目标检测、参数估计、射频隐身及抗干扰等诸多方面展现出了突出的性能,经过学者们近20年的深入研究,基于正交波形的MIMO雷达相关理论日臻完善,并在汽车辅助驾驶、安全防卫等领域得到广泛应用。近年来,随着电磁环境感知及知识辅助等概念的引入,基于波形优化的MIMO雷达主动抗干扰、射频隐身、以及探测-通信一体化等技术受到学者们的关注并得到深入研究。该文力图对学者们近20年来围绕MIMO雷达的研究工作进行归纳与综述,内容主要包括:正交波形MIMO雷达原理、目标探测性能分析、典型应用;正交波形MIMO雷达波形设计与特点;基于知识的认知MIMO波形设计与算法;基于MIMO的探测-通信一体化波形设计与算法;MIMO雷达信号处理、数据处理及资源管理。论文最后对MIMO雷达在机载应用中的空时处理(STAP)、MIMO雷达在成像中的信号处理、以及基于时分多波形分集的线性调频毫米波MIMO雷达信号处理等进行了讨论。      

MIMO天波超视距雷达正交信号设计研究

多输入多输出雷达(MIMO Radar)体制综合采用多通道、等效发射波束形成技术,为天波超视距雷达(OTHR)面临的杂波多普勒扩展提供了一条有效的解决途径。具有良好的自相关性能和低互相关电平的正交波形集是MIMO雷达体制应用的关键。从信号处理的角度出发,利用互模糊函数对正交频分线性调频信号(OFD-LFM)的互相关峰值幅度及位置进行了分析,给出了正交信号的设计规律,仿真实验验证了分析的正确性。     

基于随机步进频信号的MIMO波形设计和成像方法

基于MIMO雷达系统的宽带雷达成像是空间感知领域一个很有前景的研究方向.波形设计是宽带MIMO雷达系统需要解决的首要问题.对于MIMO宽带信号一般要求各雷达发射信号相互正交且自相关函数具有窄的主瓣和低旁瓣特性.文中详细分析了随机步进频信号自相关函数的统计特性,证明大的步进频数利于MIMO雷达成像,进而提出了一种基于遗传算法的MIMO波形设计方法,该算法中利用随机频率编码矩阵生成遗传算法的初始种群.最后将所设计的波形用于MIMO雷达成像的仿真实验,其结果证明了文中的波形设计方法可以有效降低MIMO雷达系统中不同通道之间的相互干扰,利于雷达成像.     

MIMO雷达波形设计方法综述

MIMO雷达是一种新兴的有源探测技术,波形分集能力赋予MIMO雷达潜在的探测能力,使得波形设计成为一项重要研究内容.文中综述了MIMO雷达的波形设计方法,重点探究了正交波形设计、发射方向图匹配设计、发射信号波形合成等方法,并指出了MIMO雷达波形设计下一步的研究方向.     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks