天名精根提取物调控TLRs信号抑制RAW264.7细胞炎症的研究

[目的]阐明天名精根提取物对RAW264.7细胞炎症反应的影响及其机制。[方法]采集野生天名精全株,处理得天名精根粉末,制备天名精根乙醇和石油醚提取物,并以高效液相色谱法(high performance liquid chromatography,HPLC)检测其中主要成分;采用脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide,LPS)、灭活的金黄色葡萄球菌(heat-inactivated preparations of Staphylococcus aureus pathogens,SAC)刺激RAW264.7细胞,构建体外炎症模型。以MTT法检测细胞增殖,qPCR检测白细胞介素-1β(interleukin-1β,IL-1β)、IL-6、肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)、Toll样受体-2(Toll-like receptor-2,TLR-2)、TLR-4、髓样分化因子88(myeloid differentiation primary response 88,MyD88)、核转录因子-κB(nuclear factor-κB,NF-κB)m RNA表达,Western blot检测NF-κB p65蛋白表达。[结果]与正常对照组比较,LPS或SAC刺激后RAW264.7细胞IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-αmRNA表达增加(P0.01),NF-κB蛋白与mRNA表达增加(P0.01);LPS刺激后TLR-4、MyD88 m RNA表达增加(P0.01,P0.05),SAC刺激后TLR-2、MyD88 m RNA表达增加(P0.01)。天名精根提取物干预后,与LPS组或SAC组比较,RAW264.7细胞IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-αmRNA表达减低(P0.01),同时NF-κB m RNA和NF-κB p65蛋白表达也减低(P0.01);TLR-4和MyD88 m RNA表达明显低于LPS组(P0.01,P0.05),TLR-2和MyD88 mRNA表达表达明显低于SAC组(P0.01,P0.05)。[结论]天名精根提取物可以抑制由LPS和灭活的金黄色葡萄球菌引起的RAW264.7细胞炎症反应,其机制可能与抑制TLRs-NF-κB信号通路有关。     

氯喹对脂多糖/内毒素诱导的RAW264.7细胞TLR4-MyD88非依赖信号转导途径的抑制作用

目的探讨氯喹对脂多糖/内毒素(lipopolysaccharide/endotoxin,LPS)诱导TLR4-MyD88非依赖途径的抑制作用。方法MTT法检测不同浓度氯喹(5、10、20、40、60μg/ml)对RAW264.7细胞活性的影响,ELISA检测培养体系中TNF-α、IL-6在2、6、12、18、24h的释放情况,RT-PCR检测TNF-α、IL-6、TLR4、TRAMmRNA的表达,EMSA检测NF-κB的活性,Westernblot检测IκBα磷酸化水平和IRF3的降解情况。结果氯喹浓度小于40μg/ml时对RAW264.7细胞活性无影响(P0.05);应用氯喹预处理后LPS诱导的RAW264.7细胞TNF-α、IL-6在蛋白水平和核酸水平均受到明显抑制(P0.05),TLR4和TRAM在核酸水平均受到显著抑制(P0.01);EMSA结果显示NF-κB的活化受到抑制,而Western blot检测显示IκBα磷酸化及IRF3的降解也受到抑制。结论氯喹对LPS诱导的RAW264.7细胞TLR4-MyD88非依赖信号转导途径具有抑制作用。     

Notch1信号参与脂多糖诱导的巨噬细胞活化

[目的]探讨Notch1对脂多糖(LPS)介导巨噬细胞活化的影响.[方法]体外培养RAW264.7细胞,给予LPS 100μg/L处理8h后利用RT-PCR方法检测RAW264.7细胞Notch1和Hes1 mRNA表达水平;给予Notch1信号抑制剂DAPT10μmol/L预处理1 h后利用ELISA法检测细胞上清液中肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)及白细胞介素(IL)-6水平,采用Western blot法检测细胞TNF-α和IL-6蛋白表达水平.[结果]给予LPS刺激RAW264.7细胞后可明显提高Notch1和Hes1 mRNA表达(P<0.05),LPS提高RAW264.7细胞TNF-α和IL-6的表达和释放作用可明显被DAPT抑制(P<0.05),但TNF-α和IL-6表达水平仍显著高于对照组(P<0.05).[结论]巨噬细胞中Notch1信号参与LPS诱导细胞因子TNF-α和IL-6的表达和释放过程.     

基于NLRP3炎性体轴和NF-κB信号通路探讨加味三妙丸防治痛风性关节炎的作用及机制

[目的]基于Nod样受体蛋白3(Nod-like receptor pyrin domain 3,NLRP3)炎性体轴和核因子-κB(nuclear factor-κB,NF-κB)信号通路,探讨加味三妙丸(modified Sanmiao pill,MSMP)对THP-1细胞痛风炎症模型的抗炎作用及机制。[方法]通过尿酸钠(monosodium urate,MSU)和脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide,LPS)共同诱导建立THP-1细胞痛风炎症模型。以MTT法测定细胞存活率;酶联免疫吸附法(enzyme linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)测定细胞培养基中白细胞介素-1β(interleukin-1β,IL-1β)分泌水平,Western blot检测NLRP3炎性体轴和NF-κB信号通路中相关蛋白表达情况。[结果]MSU与LPS联用可诱导THP-1细胞产生典型痛风炎症。与空白组比较,模型组THP-1细胞分泌IL-1β水平显著升高(P＜0.01);NLRP3炎性体轴相关蛋白NLRP3、含CARD结构域的凋亡相关颗粒样蛋白(apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing CARD,ASC)、含半胱氨酸的天冬氨酸蛋白水解酶-1(cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase-1,caspase-1)、磷酸化NF-κB p65(phospho-NF-κB p65,p-NF-κB p65)、磷酸化NF-κB抑制蛋白α(phospho-inhibitor of NF-κB α,p-IκBα)、磷酸化IκB激酶α(phospho-inhibitor of NF-κB kinase α,p-IKKα)及上游调节蛋白髓样分化因子88(myeloid differentiation factor 88,MyD88)、Toll样受体2(Toll-like receptor 2,TLR2)、Toll样受体4(Toll-like receptor 4,TLR4)表达明显上调(P＜0.01)。与模型组比较,MSMP具有较强的抗炎效果,对NLRP3炎性体轴和NF-κB信号通路两条路径相关蛋白的异常表达均具有明显的调控作用,不同剂量的MSMP显著降低IL-1β的分泌(P＜0.01),明显下调NLRP3、ASC、caspase-1、p-NF-κB、p-IκBα、p-IKKα及MyD88、TLR2、TLR4等蛋白的表达,且具有剂量依赖性(P＜0.05,P＜0.01)。[结论] MSMP在痛风炎症细胞模型上表现出较强的抗痛风性关节炎作用,其机制与调控NLRP3炎性体轴和NF-κB信号通路相关蛋白的表达密切相关。     

黄芩抗内毒素活性物质的分离提取与活性研究

目的 从黄芩中提取具有拮抗内毒素(LPS)活性的物质.方法 采用大孔吸附树脂和高效液相色谱(HPLC)等技术将黄芩水提物分离成若干组分,应用生物传感器技术检测各组分与LPS的活性中心Lipid A的结合活性,动态比浊法鲎试验检测各组分(2.0 mg/L)对LPS(02 μg/L)的中和作用,籍此筛选出活性组分;逆转录聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)检测所筛组分对LPS诱导的RAW264.7细胞的Toll样受体4(TLR4)mRNA表达的影响,ELISA法检测所筛组分对LPS(100 μg/L)刺激的RAW264.7细胞释放肿瘤坏死因子的影响.结果 获得5种HPLC产物S3K1～5,其中S3K1与Lipid A结合活性最高,S3K1(2.0 mg/L)可显著抑制LPS(0.2 μg/L)介导的鲎试剂的凝结反应(P<0.05);以LPS(100 μg/L)刺激RAW264.7细胞,其TLR4 mRNA表达增强,给予40、80、160 mg/L的S3K1预处理后能减弱LPS诱导RAW264.7细胞的TLR4 mRNA表达(P<0.05);单纯LPS刺激RAW264.7细胞释放的TNF-α为(1 757.61±207.25)ng/L(对照组),给予40、80、160 mg/L的S3K1预处理后TNF-α浓度依次为(1324.53±149.73)、(893.87±140.77)、(799.97±124.21) ng/L,随S3K1剂量递增而减低,均显著低于对照组(P<0.05).结论 从黄芩中提取到具有拮抗LPS活性的组分S3K1,S3K1在体外对LPS具有一定的中和作用,可抑制LPS诱导的RAW264.7细胞的,TLR4 mRNA表达,进而抑制LPS诱导的RAW264.7细胞活化.     

脂氧素对巨噬细胞RAW264.7的抗炎实验研究

目的 研究脂氧素(LX) A4和叔丁氧羟基-苯丙氨酸-亮氨酸-苯丙氨酸-亮氨酸-苯丙氨酸(BOC-2)对LPS作用巨噬细胞RAW264.7存活的影响.方法 取对数生长期的巨噬细胞RAW264.7为研究载体,实验用不同浓度的脂多糖(LPS)在不同时间点处理细胞,观察LX A4和BOC-2对LPS作用巨噬细胞RAW264.7后的存活率.CCK-8法观察LPS对各组巨噬细胞RAW264.7的不良反应,Western blot法检测LX A4和BOC-2对LPS处理后巨噬细胞RAW264.7的Toll样受体4(TLR4)和pNF-κB p65蛋白水平,酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)法检测LX A4和BOC-2对LPS处理后巨噬细胞RAW264.7培养上清液中白细胞介素6(IL-6)水平.结果 在1 000 ng/mL浓度LPS组,作用时间6h,巨噬细胞RAW264.7内TLR4蛋白水平和pNF-κB p65蛋白水平显著高于其余各组(P＜0.05).在LPS作用下,LX A4组细胞存活率显著高于对照组(P＜0.05);BOC-2组在LPS作用后巨噬细胞RAW264.7的存活率显著低于无LPS作用(P＜0.05).在LPS作用下,LX A4组pNF-κB p65蛋白水平低于对照组及BOC-2组(P＜0.05),BOC-2组pNF-κB p65蛋白水平高于其余各组(P＜0.05).在LPS作用下,LX A4组IL-6的水平低于对照组及BOC-2组(P＜0.05).结论 LX A4能够抑制LPS对巨噬细胞RAW264.7的作用及TLR4/NF-κB信号通路的激活,有助减轻炎性反应.     

黄芩苷对小鼠巨噬细胞CD36表达及肿瘤坏死因子-α分泌的影响

[目的]观察黄芩苷对脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide,LPS)诱导的小鼠巨噬细胞CD36表达及炎症因子肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)分泌的影响.[方法]分别用LPS(终浓度0.1μg/mL)或LPS加黄芩苷(终浓度分别为50、100 μmol/L)处理生长良好的小鼠巨噬细胞RAW264.7,采用实时荧光定量PCR法和流式细胞术检测黄芩苷对巨噬细胞CD36分子表达的影响,然后采用酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)法检测细胞上清液中TNF-α含量变化.[结果]LPS刺激可以诱导巨噬细胞CD36表达升高,与空白对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01);不同浓度黄芩苷预处理组可显著抑制LPS诱导的CD36基因转录和蛋白表达,与LPS组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01);黄芩苷还可显著减少巨噬细胞炎症因子TNF-α的分泌(P＜0.05).[结论]黄芩苷可通过抑制CD36表达,下调LPS诱导的巨噬细胞炎症因子TNF-α的生成从而发挥抗炎作用.     

千金藤素通过抑制TLR4-NLRP3炎症小体及炎症因子治疗痛风性关节炎

[目的] 评价千金藤素的体内外抗炎效果，探讨其治疗痛风性关节炎的作用机制。[方法]采用噻唑蓝(3-(4，5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2，5-diphenyltet -razolium bromide，MTT)比色法检测千金藤素对RAW264.7巨噬细胞的活性抑制作用。采用酶联免疫吸附试验(enzyme linked immunosorbent assay，ELISA)检测千金藤素对肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α，TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1β(interleukin-1β，IL-1β)和 IL-6分泌的影响。以免疫印迹法分别检测千金藤素对Toll样受体4(Toll-like receptor 4，TLR4)、髓样分化因子88(myeloid differentiation factor 88，MYD88)、NOD样受体蛋白3(NOD-like receptor protein 3，NLRP3)/凋亡相关微粒蛋白(apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD，ASC)/半胱天冬酶-1(caspase-1)炎症小体的蛋白表达的影响。采用尿酸钠诱导SD大鼠关节炎模型，通过炎症指数以及TNF-α、IL-1β和IL-6炎症因子及TLR4-NLRP3相关蛋白的表达，评价千金藤素的体内抗炎作用。[结果] 千金藤素抑制RAW264.7细胞活力的半数抑制浓度(half maximal inhibitory concentration，IC50)为(62.51±5.36) μmol·L-1，弱于秋水仙碱(26.89±5.14) μmol·L-1。在RAW264.7细胞中，1～10 μmol·L-1千金藤素显著抑制尿酸钠晶体诱导的炎症因子TNF-α、IL-1β和IL-6的分泌与mRNA表达，也抑制了尿酸钠晶体诱导的TLR4、MYD88及NLRP3炎性小体的蛋白表达。在关节炎大鼠模型中，1～10 mg·kg-1千金藤素能够剂量依赖性地减轻关节肿胀，并抑制TNF-α、IL-1β和IL-6分泌及TLR4-NLRP3炎症小体的蛋白表达。[结论] 千金藤素可通过抑制炎症因子TNF-α、IL-1β和IL-6的表达，以及抑制尿酸钠介导的TLR4-NLRP3炎症小体的表达，发挥抗关节炎作用。     

三磷酸腺苷对脂多糖诱导内皮祖细胞表达炎症因子的影响及其机制

目的：分析三磷酸腺苷(adenosine triphosphate,ATP)对脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide,LPS)诱导内皮祖细胞 (endothelial progenitor cells,EPCs)表达炎症细胞因子的影响,并探讨其机制。方法：采用密度梯度离心法分离人脐 血单个核细胞,用RT-PCR检测LPS(1 mg/mL)诱导EPCs表达炎症细胞因子的情况,低浓度的ATP(5 μmol/L)对LPS诱 导EPCs表达细胞炎症因子的影响,不同浓度(5,50 μmol/L)的ATP对EPCs中TLR4,MyD88和CD14 mRNA表达的影 响;Western印迹检测LPS(1 mg/mL)对EPCs表达TLR4调节蛋白MyD88和CD14的影响以及信号通路的活化情况,低浓 度ATP(1,5 μmol/L)对LPS诱导EPCs表达TLR4,MyD88和CD14的影响以及信号通路的活化情况。结果：EPCs高表达 TLR4,其配体LPS(1 mg/mL)显著上调IL-1β,MCP-1和ICAM-1的mRNA表达(均P<0.01),并呈时间依赖性上调MyD88和 CD14蛋白的表达,同时活化ERK和NF-κB信号通路。低浓度ATP抑制LPS诱导的IL-1β,MCP-1和ICAM-1 mRNA的表达 (均P<0.05),同时也下调LPS诱导的TLR4,MyD88和CD14蛋白的表达(P<0.01或P<0.05),并抑制LPS诱导的NF-κB信号 通路的活化(P<0.05)。结论：ATP在低浓度时通过负性调节TLR4信号通路而抑制LPS诱导的炎症细胞因子在EPCs中的 表达。     

三七皂苷FC通过MAPK/NF-κB途径抑制RAW264.7细胞炎症及凋亡的机制研究

目的:基于丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(MAPK)/核转录因子-κB(NF-κB)途径探讨三七皂苷FC对RAW264.7巨噬细胞炎症及凋亡的作用机制。方法:(1)采用不同浓度的三七皂苷FC(0、1、10、20、50、100μmol/L)分别干预RAW264.7细胞和脂多糖(LPS)诱导的RAW264.7细胞,CCK8法检测细胞活力,筛选合适的药物浓度。(2)将RAW264.7细胞分为对照组、LPS组、LPS+三七皂苷FC低剂量(20μmol/L)组和LPS+三七皂苷FC高剂量(50μmol/L)组。先给予相应剂量的三七皂苷FC预处理6 h,再加入1μg/ml LPS。干预24 h后,PCR检测肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白介素-6(IL-6)、诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)、白介素-1β(IL-1β)mRNA表达;Western blot检测TNF-α、iNOS、p38MAPK、磷酸化p38MAPK(p-p38MAPK)、NF-κB p65、磷酸化NF-κB p65(p-NF-κB p65)蛋白表达;流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡;免疫荧光检测NF-κB核转位;Transwell实验检测细胞迁移。结果:(1)20、50μmol/L三七皂苷FC干预24 h后,LPS诱导的RAW264.7细胞活力较对照组无显著差异(P0.05),用于后续实验。(2)与LPS组相比,低、高剂量的三七皂苷FC作用后,TNF-α、IL-6、iNOS、IL-1β的mRNA表达显著降低(P0.05,P0.01);TNF-α、iNOS蛋白表达明显降低(P0.05),p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65和p-p38MAPK/p38MAPK蛋白表达比值显著下调(P0.05,P0.01);细胞凋亡率显著降低(P0.05,P0.01);细胞核内NF-κB p65蛋白表达减少,阳性表达细胞数占比显著降低(P0.05);细胞迁移数显著减少(P0.01)。结论:三七皂苷FC能够显著改善LPS诱导的RAW264.7巨噬细胞炎症反应,减少炎症因子的释放,抑制巨噬细胞凋亡和迁移,其作用机制可能与下调MAPK/NF-κB通路磷酸化水平及抑制NF-κB核转位有关。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Electro-Acupuncture Combined with the Trigger Point Needle-Embedding for Treatment of Primary Trigeminal Neuralgia in 31 Cases

In recent years, the author of this essay has applied electro-acupuncture combined with the trigger point needle-embedding for treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia in 31 cases, yielding satis- factory results as reported in the following.     

Investigation of Matrix Metalloproteinase -1, 2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 in Endometriosis

Objective： To explore the role of matrix metalloproteinase-1,2 （MMP-1, MMP-2） and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 （TIMP-1） in endometriosis. Methods： The eutopic and ectopic endometria from 40 subjects suffering from endometriosis and regular.endometria from 40 subjects （excluding endometriosis） were collected and examined by in situ hybridization technology and western blot assay. Results： Both expressions of MMP-1 and -2 were stronger in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium than in normal endometrium. On the contrary, the expression of TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium was lower. The differences were significant （P 〈 0.01 ）. Moreover, there was no relationship among the expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium. Conclusion： The expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 lose balance and lack of periodic changes in ectopic endometrium , which explains the biological invasive behavior of endometriosis. It was suggested-that regulating the balance between the MMPs and TIMP-1 should be an ideal therapeutic target to endometriosis.     

Shi Da-zhuo (史大卓) —An outstanding cardiologist of integrative medicine

Prof. SHI Da-zhuo, Ph.D., male, was born on March 20, 1960. Prof. SHI entered the Ph.D. program in 1990 at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences under the supervision of Prof. CHEN Ke-ji, majoring in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. After receiving his Ph.D. degree in 1993, Prof. SHI started working at the Cardiovascular Center in Xiyuan Hospital affiliated to China Academy of Chinese Medical sciences.     

Persist in and Carry Forward the Integrative Medical Research——Speech at the 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine by Academician CHEN Zhu,Minister of Ministry of Health

The 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine （CALM） was convened at 19-20, April 2008 in Beijing. Academician CHEN Zhu, the minister of Ministry of Health indicated at the congress that the integration of Chinese and Western medicine is very well in keeping with the situation of our country and the general rule of development in medical science; and as a good integration of Chinese medicine and Western medicine, it is mutually beneficial and advantageous to both of them. Seeing the creativity shown in integrative medical investigation in theoretic and methodological sides, we should and must persist in and develop it.