魔芋在环保新型材料中的前景应用

介绍利用魔芋制成新型环保材料，如魔芋葡扩聚糖单一膜、魔芋葡扩聚糖共混膜、絮凝剂、魔芋飞粉、涂料等。综述了其应用现状、潜在用途及发展方向。     

共生发酵魔芋飞粉制备甘露聚糖肽及其性能检测

对魔芋飞粉发酵液中的甘露聚糖肽进行了初步的提取分离.高效液相色谱检测结果表明,糖肽中的糖成分由甘露糖和葡萄糖聚合而成,二者的比值为0.61;SDS-PAGE凝胶电泳测定结果表明,糖肽的分子量分布在10～40kDa.与魔芋飞粉相比,甘露聚糖肽的氨基酸含量有所增加,但必需氨基酸占总氨基酸的比例变化不大.     

魔芋飞粉高F值寡肽的研究

简述了高F值寡肽的生理功能及研究动向。介绍了根据魔芋飞粉含高蛋白及氨基酸组成为高支低芳的特点,对其进行高F值寡肽的研究开发进展。     

共生菌发酵法酶解魔芋飞粉制备支链氨基酸寡肽

分两步制备魔芋飞粉支链氨基酸寡肽:先采用开菲尔发酵法预处理魔芋飞粉蛋白得到可溶性肽,再用两步酶解法酶解可溶性肽得到支链氨基酸寡肽.用凝胶层析分离后的寡肽中支链氨基酸的含量为27.52%,达到了支链氨基酸平衡溶液的最适含量(25%～65%).     

魔芋精粉在洗发香波中的应用研究

研究魔芋精粉在洗发香波中的应用。首先以增稠剂的方式将魔芋精粉引入表面活性剂水溶液,结果发现魔芋精粉与其他成分可以形成复合胶体,具有优良的增稠性能。设计了洗发香波配方,找到了最佳配方参数,采用加温和搅拌工艺制得了洗发香波样品,各项指标达到或超过国家标准;经多人试用,感觉该产品性能优异;在相同条件下比较测试,其发泡力优于其他市售产品。     

魔芋/聚乙烯醇塑料薄膜的研究

以魔芋精粉和聚乙烯醇为原料,在交联剂甲醛存在的条件下,将魔芋凝胶与聚乙烯醇水溶液进行共混,共混时加入消泡剂和增塑剂。共混结束后将共混物流延成膜。在共混过程中,考察了魔芋凝胶与聚乙烯醇共混体系甲醛的用量、共混温度、共混时间、pH值、魔芋精粉与聚乙烯醇比例、甘油含量对薄膜各种性能的影响,发现当甲醛加入量为8ml、共混温度为80℃、共混时间为1 5h、甘油加入量为6ml、魔芋精粉与聚乙烯醇比例为1/2时,所制成的薄膜综合性能最优。     

魔芋葡甘露聚糖提纯及性能研究

分析了近年来各种魔芋葡甘露聚糖 (KGM )的分离纯化方法 ,讨论了它们的优缺点。通过实验 ,得出了一种简单、易操作的精制KGM的方法 ,产率为 5 7% ,产品无色、无味 ,其溶胶保存84h仍均一、透明、无异味 ,显示产品有较高质量分数。傅立叶红外光谱进一步证实上述结论。热性能测试显示该法制得的魔芋葡甘露聚糖有很好的热稳定性 ,其分解温度为 2 90℃。     

无硫魔芋精粉生产工艺研究

采用抗坏血酸、异抗坏血酸钠作还原剂湿法生产魔芋精粉,研究了还原剂种类和浓度对魔芋精粉产品色泽的影响,3000 mg·L-1的抗坏血酸或5000 mg·L-1的异抗坏血酸钠可以代替亚硫酸氢钠、硫代硫酸钠作还原剂用于生产无硫魔芋精粉.     

新型絮凝剂魔芋葡甘聚糖磷酸酯的研制与应用

新型絮凝剂魔芋葡甘聚糖磷酸酯的研制与应用张昌军，杨志孝，于敏（泰山医学院泰安２７１０００）曲祥金（山东农业大学泰安２７１０１８）魔芋（ＡｍｏｒｑｈｏｈａｕｕｓＫｏｎｊａｃ）俗称鬼芋，属天南星科多年生植物块茎。经加工处理可得魔芋精粉。魔芋葡甘聚糖是魔芋...     

魔芋全降解塑料薄膜的制备和性能研究

魔芋精粉（KF）糊化后与聚乙烯醇（PVA）共混，同时加入增塑剂甘油、交联剂甲醛。共混结束后将共混物流延成膜。考察了共混体系中魔芋精粉与聚乙烯醇质量比、甘油用量、甲醛用量、共混温度、共混时间对薄膜性能的影响，并表征了薄膜的结构。结果表明：当m（KF）：m（PVA）=3：2、甘油用量0．4mL、甲醛用量2mL、共混温度80℃、共混时间1-1.5h时，制得的塑料薄膜断裂伸长率、拉伸强度和透光率较高，具有较好的相容性、热稳定性；魔芋葡甘聚糖（KGM）与PVA分子间发生了多种交联作用。     

魔芋胶的性能研究及在酸化液中的应用

叙述了魔芋胶的主要特性，对魔芋胶在不同条件下的凝胶性以及与羧甲基纤维素、聚乙烯醇、卡拉胶的复配协同作用开展了研究。还叙述了酸化液的构成和酸处理的原理以及魔芋作为增稠剂在酸化液中的增粘效应。     

Expanded Discrete Relaxation Model for Konjac Glucomannan Hydrocolloid

Rheological storage and loss moduli (G′ and G″) of a Konjac glucomannan (KGM) hydrocolloid were measured by a rheometer AR500 with variations of angular frequency and temperature at different concentrations. The results show that angular frequency sweep curves of G′ and G″ mainly looked like ascending curves on the double logarithmic diagram. Moduli versus angular frequency curves were fitted to the power law, Spriggs, and Oldroyd models with standard errors much higher than the reasonable value (about 5%), while the discrete relaxation model gave a standard error of 0.81%. On the basis of the discrete relaxation model and experimental results, expanded formulae that include the angular frequency, temperature and concentration as independent variables were proposed. The obtained result can help the designer, fabricator, and consumer in optimizing their formulation with the KGM hydrocolloid.     

Preparation and antimicrobial activity of Konjac Glucomannan modified with quaternary ammonium compound

Seven kind of graft copolymerization Konjac Glucomannan with quaternary ammonium group have been prepared, using Konjac Glucomannan (KGM) and methacryloxylethyl alkyl dimethyl ammonium bromide with c₈–c₁₈ alkyl and benzyl in water, ceric ammonium nitrate as initiator, the reaction temperature of 348 K, and the reaction period of 3 h. The structures were confirmed by FTIR. The 15 min inhibitory rates of all the graft copolymerization KGM against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus reached 99.99%, against Candida albicans somewhat lower, but 30 min inhibitory rate still reached 99.02% for graft copolymerization KGM with quaternary ammonium group having 14 alkyl. The antibacterial mechanism of the graft copolymerization KGM has been investigated by adsorption ability to E. coli, measure of 260 nm absorbing materials and SEM micrographs. Firstly, the bacteria were fastly adsorbed by graft copolymerization KGM. Interactions between bacterial membranes and antibacterial product cause fundamental changes in both membrane structure and function, induced leakage of cytoplasmic contents is a classic indication of damage to the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane. The loss of the connection between the outer membrane and the underlying peptidoglycan induces the abnormality of nodular structures and bleb formation of the cell envelope of E. coli. The antibacterial mechanism is in accordance with microbiologic findings identifying surface blebbing as the first morphologic change occurring in the permeability barrier of gram‐negative bacteria under mild heat stress and laser irradiation, etc. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010     

魔芋葡甘聚糖与结冷胶协同相互作用及凝胶化研究

魔芋葡甘聚糖与结冷胶按一定比例共混得到凝胶,测定凝胶强度,并用红外光谱仪对多糖分子间的相互作用机理进行分析.当总糖浓度为1.0％（wt）,魔芋胶与结冷胶共混比例为40/60,制备温度为80℃,体系盐离子（Ca2＋）浓度为6.0 mmol/L时可得到协同相互作用最大值,这是多糖分子间相互作用,发生了聚合交联,产生了协同增效作用.     

Novel biodegradable flocculating agents prepared by grafting polyacrylamide to Konjac

Grafting copolymers of polyacrylamide (PAM) with Konjac gum (KGM) have been synthesized using ceric‐ion‐induced initiation technique. The copolymers were characterized using several instrumental techniques, including infrared (IR) spectroscopy, elementary analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), size exclusion chromatography (SEC) analysis, and intrinsic viscosity to confirm the success of grafting. The flocculation performance of graft copolymers was characterized by two methods. One was to study the relationship between the flocculants doses in kaolin suspension and the supernatant transmittance, and the other is to examine the time dependence of sediment height of kaolin suspensions. It was found that the graft copolymer is better than KGM and pure PAM. Biodegradation behavior was testified by monitoring the decay of relative viscosities, and approved by KGM ether bonds breaking in IR spectra and the molecule weight reduction in SEC analysis. The results indicate that the grafted KGM copolymers have improved both, flocculation performance and better biodegradable properties than the unmodified parent KGM and pure PAM. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009     

魔芋粉接枝丙烯酸超强吸水剂合成工艺优化

采用均匀设计法,对魔芋粉接枝丙烯酸超强吸水剂合成工艺进行优化。最佳合成工艺条件是：单体量（单体,魔芋粉）10．9、引发剂量（引发剂／魔芋粉）5．08％、反应温度66．2℃、单体中和度78．7％、交联剂量（交联剂／魔芋粉）1．43％、反应时间2．51h。产物吸水率为685．3g/g,吸盐水率306．5g／g（自来水）。     

热塑性魔芋葡甘聚糖流变特性研究

以合成的魔芋葡甘聚糖(KGM)为基体,甲酰胺、乙二醇、甘油为增塑剂,碳酸钙、纳米二氧化硅、木质素为填料,通过熔融共混法制备了KGM热塑材料,并研究了温度、转速、增塑剂及填料对其流变特性的影响。结果表明:在温度150℃、转速30r/min、常压条件下,KGM热塑材料的最大扭矩为30.5N-m,平衡扭矩为10N-m,塑化时间为30s,具有较好的加工性能;增塑剂和填料可以有效降低KGM热塑材料的最大扭矩和平衡扭矩,降低生产能耗,其中甲酰胺增塑效果最好,纳米二氧化硅填充效果最优,碳酸钙最具有实用价值。     

电荷-胶原蛋白双作用微载体的制备和性能调控

以魔芋葡甘聚糖微球为基质,用2-二乙氨基氯乙烷盐酸盐(DEAE)将微球胺化,用1,4-丁二醇二缩水甘油醚活化微球,将胶原蛋白包覆到微球上,再用戊二醛交联,得到包覆均匀稳定的电荷-胶原蛋白双作用微载体. 考察了胶原蛋白包覆状况和活化方法、不同来源的胶原蛋白及DEAE用量对微载体细胞培养效果的影响,研究了Vero细胞在微载体上的培养情况. 结果表明,电荷-胶原蛋白双作用微载体的胶原层在5~50 mm范围内可控,培养2 h细胞的贴附量约为4×104 mL-1,介于Cytodex 1和Cydodex 3之间;96 h后微载体上细胞生长速度逐渐超过电荷型微载体Cydodex 1, 144 h时细胞数多于Cydodex 1和Cydodex 3,达1.59×106 mL-1.     

Reinforcing and toughening of polyurethane by chemically modified Konjac glucomannan nanocrystal

Konjac glucomannan (KGM) nanocrystal obtained from native KGM by sulfuric acid hydrolysis was modified by using benzoyl chloride, and the improvement of hydrophobicity was confirmed by contact angle measurements. The chemically modified KGM nanocrystals with nanosize smaller than 100 nm, which confirmed by TEM, were used as fillers to prepare polyurethane nanocomposites. The morphology, thermal stability, and mechanical properties of the polyurethane nanocomposite films were investigated by means of SEM, TGA, and tensile testing. It is worth noting that the obtained KGM/PU nanocomposites showed simultaneous enhancements both in strength and elongation. The synergistic interaction between the fillers and the matrix played an important role in the improvement of mechanical properties. POLYM. COMPOS., 38:1447–1453, 2017. © 2015 Society of Plastics Engineers