学生体质健康综合评价标准研究评述

2002年国家教育部、体育总局发布了《学生体质健康标准》。此前，《中国学生体质综合评价方法研究》课题协作组，在1982年全国体质研究学术会议上，提出“体质综合评价”概念，该课题组经过3年的研究，于1985年经专家鉴定通过了《中国学生体质综合评价方法及标准》。但这些研究没有和城乡学生体质监测和健康检查的指标体系完全吻合，从而降低了体质健康综合评价的有用性和可比性。国内绝大部分的综合评价研究，未将心理健康和健康缺陷等方面的疾病指标包含其中，而以形态、机能和素质指标或派生指标较多。除体育界专家多用主成分分析、多元回归、判别分析、Q型聚类等统计数学方法筛选指标和分配权重外，大多研究者的指标体系为经验推断，并无加权概念。只有少量研究报告，运用层次分析法（AHP法）分配权重，为经验咨询实现数量化作了有益的尝试。学生体质健康标准属综合评价范畴，综合评价是一个多指标、多层次的因素综合分析，综合评价必须建立在单指标评价基础上，是单指标评价加权的集合。因此，建立学生体质健康综合评价标准，必须包含生长发育、生理机能、运动素质、心理状况和健康缺陷等指标，而且要科学分配指标的权重。     

体质与健康关系的文化哲学思考

目的：从文化哲学的角度对体质与健康关系进行研究。方法：运用文献资料和逻辑分析等方法。结果：在理论上澄清体质与健康的关系，提出体育的社会化、生活化和终身化。结论：体质是人生命存在状态的实在性表现，健康是对人生命存在状态的评价，健康的体质是人对生命存在的真、善、美价值追求的统一。     

应用微机辅助中小学生健康监测资料分析系统的研究

目的 应用微机对大样本学生健康监测资料进行统计分析，了解学生的健康状况和发展趋势。方法 参照《中国学生体质与健康研究》标准，选用Windows98操作平台，汉化Visual FoxPro6.0语言进行编程。结果 该中小学生体质与健康统计分析评价系统能按卫生学统计要求处理健康监测数据，并能让用户选择所需各种统计指标。结论 本系统适合大样本学生健康监测数据的统计分析，也适合个体的综合评价。可满足各级教育、卫生机构做数据汇总使用。     

某职业中专学生健康状况调查与评价

目的：针对承德两所中专学校2011年至2013年学生体质健康不达标率的逐年升高、肥胖学生人数逐年递增的现象,对肥胖学生的现状进行调查研究,为肥胖学生提供干预策略研究及评价,探寻增强中专学生的体质健康的整体水平。方法：运用测量法、文献资料法等对相关问题进行调研,并以学生体质健康监测数据进行分组（BMI等级）,采用SPSSV12．0统计数据进行统计学处理。结果：中专学生一年级至三年级的肥胖比例逐级增加,学生体质健康不达标率逐年升高。讨论：为中专肥胖学生提供干预策略研究及评价,从而提高中专学生的体质健康的整体水平。     

大学生体质健康教育影响因素的分析

近年来,高校对学生体质健康的关注程度进一步提高,但是学生体质健康改善情况并不明显。本文通过对大学生体质健康教育的影响因素进行分析与整理,得出传统教育理念的影响、学校体育监督保障机制的滞后、体育教学内容的错位、体育教学评价单一;大学生体育参与意识的缺乏和课外锻炼情况不容乐观以及体质测试对体质健康教育的影响是主要影响大学生体质健康教育的因素。因此,只有不断总结大学生体质健康教育的途径与方法,积极促进学校体育教育工作,才能全面促进大学生综合素质的提高。     

南京医科大学实施《学生体质健康标准》现状及对策研究

笔者对南京医科大学《学生体质健康标准》的测试数据进行统计分析与评价，指出其存在的主要问题，并提出合理性建议，以期全面落实《学生体质健康标准》，提高学生体质健康水平。     

健康评估与护理学基本技术联合教学的应用

目的：将健康评估与护理学基本技术操作练习相结合并与传统授课方式相比较.方法：试验班的实践教学由两门课程的授课教师通过案例教学共同完成,对照班采用传统的教学方法进行授课,课程结束后,学生对课程进行评价、教师对学生的综合操作能力进行考核.结果：试验班与对照班在课程的评价及考核成绩上均有显著性差异（P＜0.05）.结论：健康评估与护理学基本技术联合教学有利于激发学生学习兴趣、培养了学生临床思维等能力,提高了学生的学习效果.     

2000-2010年广州市幼儿体质健康指标评价分析

目的：了解2000至2010年广州市幼儿体质健康指标的变化趋势。方法：随机抽取幼儿样本,对形态、机能、素质指标进行测试、综合评价和比较分析。结果：2000-2010年广州市幼儿健康体质水平有所提高,其中女幼儿体质提高幅度大于男幼儿,农村幼儿健康水平略强于城市幼儿。     

体质综合评价对学生体质水平的影响

目的:研究在体质测试后对学生进行体质综合评价对学生体质状况的影响。方法:采用实验法对海南医学院大学生进行随机抽样调查,对体质指标测试值进行综合评价,并与海南省及海南医学院其他大学生的数据作对比分析。结果:体质测试后进行综合评价的实验班的体质水平明显提高,并高出平均水平。结论:对体质指标测试值进行科学的综合评价,对提高学生锻炼身体的自觉性、有针对性地增强体质及改进教学都有着积极作用。     

红河县4年级~9年级学生体质与营养状况调查

目的：掌握中小学生营养状况，为促进中小学生健康发展提供依据。方法随机选取红河县万年塘小学学生86人，甲寅中学学生200人作为观察对象，按照《中国学生体质与健康调研检测细则》相关规定，对参与对象进行相关体质测试以及健康体检，整理分析数据。结果本组286名学生中，营养不良人数共44人，占总数的15.38%，肥胖人数91人，占总数的31.82%；各年级学生营养不良率、肥胖率之间比较无显著性差异；但不同年级学生营养不良率与肥胖率之间比较有显著性差异。男性营养不良率为7.86%，女性为22.60%；男性肥胖率为44.29%，女性为19.86%，女性中营养不良率高于男性，而男性肥胖率高于女性。结论红河县中小学生营养不良率较低，但肥胖率较高，相关部门应当根据这一情况制订有效措施，促进中小学生健康发展。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.