粉煤灰全尾砂胶结充填料

实验选取了Ⅰ级和Ⅱ级两种粉煤灰,以石灰和脱硫石膏为激发剂制备的胶凝材料完全取代传统的胶结剂水泥,以胶砂比为1∶4,水胶比为1∶1左右制备的粉煤灰全尾砂充填料在45±1℃下养护3 d,强度可达5.432 MPa,在20±1℃下养护28 d强度可达3～7 MPa,满足一般矿山对充填料的要求.根据料浆质量分数和坍落度关系曲线,得到了该材料制备成的可泵送膏体质量分数范围为80.5%～83.0%.通过X射线衍射和扫描电镜分析,胶凝材料的水化产物主要为凝胶类物质、钙矾石和方解石.     

脱硫石膏-石灰-粉煤灰体系胶凝性及水化机理

通过在粉煤灰中掺加不同质量分数的脱硫石膏、石灰、NaOH、Na2SO4、煅烧脱硫石膏等研究体系的胶凝性能。结果表明:单掺脱硫石膏或煅烧脱硫石膏能提高体系的强度,最佳煅烧温度为800℃;加入石灰及NaOH碱性激发剂后,粉煤灰的活性得到激发,体系的胶凝性能明显提高。当脱硫石膏掺量的质量分数为7%、石灰为8%、NaOH为0.5%时,其28 d的抗折强度达4.19 MPa、抗压强度达16.70 MPa。在脱硫石膏、石灰、NaOH等的共同作用下,粉煤灰的水化反应加强,其主要产物为钙矾石、水化硅酸钙,体系的致密性及胶凝性能均增强。     

石膏-熟料质量比对矿渣充填胶凝材料性能的影响及应用

为研究碱-盐复合激发大掺量矿渣充填胶凝材料的力学特性,设计不同石膏与熟料质量比的充填胶结体强度实验。利用XRD,SEM和TG-DSC等手段,研究净浆试样水化产物种类、微观形貌及质量损失率;基于室内实验研究成果,开展新型充填胶凝材料工业化应用研究。研究结果表明:当复合激发剂掺量为15%、石膏和熟料质量比为1:4,充填体3 d抗压强度最大为1.05 MPa;当复合激发剂掺量为20%、石膏和熟料质量比为3:2,充填体28 d抗压强度最大为8.61 MPa。石膏促使浆体中钙矾石(缩写为AFt)的生成,但掺量过大则影响早期胶凝物质的生成量,后期浆体中水化硅酸钙凝胶(缩写为C-S-H)的钙硅比由1.804降低到1.559,可保证结石体后期钙矾石的持续生成;3 d龄期净浆试样质量损失率从大到小依次为T7,T9和T6,28 d龄期净浆试样质量损失率依次为T9,T7和T6;综合可见,针对大掺量矿渣充填胶凝材料,合理的石膏掺量有助于提高充填体早期强度;但当石膏掺量较大或熟料掺量少时,胶结体早期强度低但有利于后期强度的提高。当熟料质量分数为12%,石膏为3%,矿渣为85%时,充填体3 d抗压强度为2.7 MPa,7 d抗压强度为5.1 MPa,28 d抗压强度达到10.6 MPa,满足金川矿山对充填体强度的要求。     

利用BP神经网络优化低活性矿渣基胶凝材料配方

针对金川镍矿充填法采矿,文章利用酒钢低活性水淬渣对早强新型充填胶凝材料进行了研究,并对酒钢水淬渣进行物化特性分析,选择生石灰、脱硫灰渣、粉煤灰和芒硝作为复合激发剂进行胶凝材料配方正交试验。在此基础上,建立BP(back propagation)神经网络模型对试验样本进行学习和训练,获得激发剂配方与胶凝材料特性之间的隐含知识。并借助隐含知识进行不同激发剂配方胶凝材料特性预测,揭示胶凝材料特性随激发剂掺量的变化规律,由此确定了新型充填胶凝材料最优配方生石灰、脱硫灰渣、粉煤灰、芒硝、亚硫酸钠、酒钢渣粉的掺量分别为3%、5%、5%、1%、2%、84%。对该最优配方进行验证试验,获得3d和7d的强度分别达到1.735 MPa和2.876 MPa,完全满足金川矿山下向胶结充填法采矿对胶凝材料的强度要求。     

石膏种类对富水充填材料凝结硬化性能与机理的影响

针对富水充填材料的凝结性能受石膏种类影响的问题,采用X射线衍射、扫描电镜、红外光谱等微观实验,分析富水充填材料硬化体的组成,探讨二水石膏和半水石膏对富水充填材料性能影响的机理. 结果表明:以硫铝酸盐水泥-石膏-石灰为主的富水充填材料体系中,为保证正常的凝结硬化,石膏应为二水石膏;如以半水石膏为原材料,在7d龄期时仍不具有强度;二水石膏充足时生成的钙矾石晶体呈细针状,二水石膏不足时生成的钙矾石晶体为六棱短柱状;富水充填材料的强度主要来源于硫铝酸盐水泥-石膏-石灰反应生成的钙矾石,而不是水泥自身水化的水化硫铝酸钙、铝胶和氢氧化钙.     

基于熵权多属性决策的充填胶凝材料 开发及料浆配比优化

针对金川矿山采用水泥胶凝材料充填成本较高的问题,以矿渣为主要原料开发低成本胶凝材料,在满足矿山要求的前提下,对料浆配比进行优化,以期降低充填成本.对试验材料进行物化分析及混合骨料粒径级配分析;采用正交试验、极差分析等方法进行新型胶凝材料配比优化试验,确定优化配比:熟料、脱硫石膏和矿渣微粉质量分数分别为8％、14％和78％,并利用XRD和SEM等方法探究新型胶凝材料的水化产物及其微观结构,揭示其水化机理;在此基础上进行充填料浆配比试验,并分别以7 d强度、28 d强度、坍落度、泌水率和充填成本为评判指标,基于多属性决策法进行料浆配比优化.结果表明:采用新型胶凝材料,废石和棒磨砂质量配比最优为7:3,胶砂比1:4,料浆质量分数80％,并以此配比进行验证试验,得到相应的7 d强度、28 d强度、坍落度和泌水率分别为4.36 MPa、6.62 MPa、26.8 cm和11.1％,均满足金川矿山要求,并且充填成本为139元/m3,较原来198元/m3的充填成本降低了29.8％.     

原状脱硫石膏基水硬性胶凝材料体系的力学性能

通过系统研究矿渣原状脱硫石膏质量比、水泥、碱性激发剂生石灰粉、水胶比和减水剂对原状脱硫石膏水硬性胶凝材料体系力学性能的影响,确定最佳配合比.分析消化时间、养护制度对胶凝材料体系力学性能的影响,确定最佳制备工艺.试验结果表明,矿渣与原状脱硫石膏的最佳质量比为4∶6,水泥、生石灰、减水剂的最佳掺量分别为8%,7%,0.7%,最佳水胶比为0.26,这些组分均在脱硫石膏与矿渣质量和的基础上按质量比外掺.该原状脱硫石膏水硬性胶凝材料体系的最佳消化时间为18 h,最佳蒸养时长为21 h,最佳蒸养温度为60℃.     

超细全尾砂新型胶结充填料水化机理与性能

针对全尾砂含泥质量分数较高、粒度低的特点,根据充填体作用机理,实验制备出以水淬渣为主要胶凝组分的全尾砂胶结充填材料.利用X线(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)对该充填材料的水化产物和微观结构进行研究.研究结果表明:该新型充填料克服水泥全尾砂充填体强度低、充填砂浆黏度大以及成本高等技术难题,抗压强度R28=5.30 MPa是水泥胶结材料的4.7倍,满足矿山充填要求.所配制的充填料有良好的流动性,可以实现浆体自流输送.新型胶结材料的主导水化产物为钙矾石和C-S-H凝胶.大量钙矾石在水化初期形成,是原材料具有较高早期强度的主要因素;钙矶石微观形貌特征为网状或针棒状结构,随着养护时间的增加,水化产物不断发育长大,孔隙逐渐被填充,浆体结构更加致密,具有良好的力学特性.     

低活性炼铅炉渣胶凝材料应用于全尾砂膏体充填

实验采用某矿山低活性炼铅炉渣开发探索胶凝材料．将炉渣材料研磨至一定的细度后,采用三种不同复合激发剂激发炉渣材料潜在活性．将配置好的炉渣胶凝材料替代部分或全部水泥进行全尾砂膏体实验．经膏体试块强度性能的检测表明：炼铅炉渣胶凝材料可以产生较好的胶凝活性;炉渣胶凝材料可大量替代水泥应用于该矿山全尾砂膏体充填,减少矿企的充填成本．     

钢渣-矿渣-脱硫石膏复合胶凝材料的制备及水化机理

加速钢渣水化过程、胶凝活性激发对钢渣综合利用率的提高有重要意义。以矿渣和脱硫石膏为复合激发剂,基于交叉试验的设计方法,对复合胶凝材料的组成进行了优化,分析了复合胶凝材料的综合性能,采用X射线衍射(X-ray diffraction, XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(scanning electronic microscopy, SEM)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(Flourier transform-infrared spectroscopy, FT-IR)等测试方法表征了复合胶凝材料的组成及结构,并以此揭示复合胶凝材料协同优化的机理。复合胶凝材料配合比的交叉试验结果表明：钢渣30%、矿渣60%、脱硫石膏10%,水灰比为0.5,28 d抗压强度为40.4 MPa,其他各项性能指标满足GB/T1346—2011要求。通过多项测试手段可以判断出,矿渣在脱硫石膏的激发作用下不断水解,缩短了水化诱导前期和延长了诱导期,提升早期水化反应程度,释放大量热量,生成了generates ettringite (AFt)和C—S—H凝胶。而浆体的pH值上升,促进钢渣水化反应,加速了浆体由液相反应转为固相反应,证明了...     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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