可见分光光度虚拟仪器的研制与应用

LabVIEW是开发虚拟仪器的优秀图形化平台.设计开发了基于LabVIEW8.0的分光光度测量化学虚拟仪器系统,运用于测定饲料级磷酸氢钙中磷的含量,避免了繁琐的人工数据处理和操作的人为误差,实现了数据测量的自动采集、实时显示与处理,提高了测量结果的精度.     

用于小动物活体的荧光-光热双模成像系统

报道了一种小动物活体荧光-光热双模成像系统, 其兼具荧光成像和热成像双功能, 具有成像灵敏度高、 采集速度快(≤51 frame/s)、 组织穿透深度大(近红外荧光成像时可达10 mm)以及0.1 ℃的热成像分辨率. 该系统不但能够实现小动物皮下肿瘤和深层组织/器官的荧光成像, 同时集成了热成像, 可实时监测光热治疗中的温度变化以及药物的控制释放过程, 有助于实现精准治疗.     

智能数字聚合酶链式反应系统的开发与应用验证

数字聚合酶链式反应(digital polymerase chain reaction,dPCR)技术可以针对低浓度的目标核酸分子实现精确的绝对定量检测,在各类疾病的检测与治疗方面有着极大应用价值. 针对目前商业数字PCR仪造价昂贵、体积庞大等缺点,基于智能手机与微流控芯片,设计开发了一种低成本、高集成的智能数字PCR设备. 介绍了硬件系统的制作以及整机的整合搭建过程. 采用PID算法,结合温控电路与半导体制冷片等硬件,进行了PCR温度循环的精准控制. 最后,采用自适应阈值分割法对采集到的荧光图像进行了处理,并依据泊松分布的规律对统计结果进行了校正,完成了对PCR反应后采集到荧光图像的结果分析与检测.     

STM数据采集分析计算机系统

扫描隧道显微镜(STM)是1982年问世的研究物质表面结构的新型仪器,近几年来得到了很大的发展。与其它各种类型的显微镜相比,它的最大优点是具有较高的分辨率(平行和垂直于样品表面方向的分辨率分别可达1和0.1),共弱点是数据的处理和显示功能不强。发展STM的自动控制、数据采集、实时显示和数据分析的计算机系统,对于改进仪器的性能至关重要。本文介绍我们研制的一套STM数据采集、存储、实时显示和数据分析系统,并以用该系统采集的高取向石墨数据为例,介绍系统的软件功能。     

基于化学计量学的通用化学数据采集处理系统

研制开发基于化学计量学的通用化学数据采集处理系统，该系统硬件采集部分，可与模拟信号输出的分析仪器或有RS－232接口的分析仪器联接进行数据采集，软件部分的数据处理基于化学计量学理论知识，相应数据处理方法，可从采集到数据中获取大量的信息。软件部分的信息管理包含了大量实验要素的归整、查询和统计等。     

纳米孔道单分子电化学信号在线识别与分析研究

为实现纳米孔道单分子检测中对微弱电流信号的快速精准处理,考察了纳米孔道实验数据的信号特征,提出了基于双缓冲数据结构和有限冲击响应滤波的实时自适应阈值法,并基于这一算法设计了纳米孔道信号在线识别与分析系统,实现了实验数据实时采集存储和信号在线分析处理的同步进行。为验证所建立的纳米孔道信号在线识别和分析系统性能,采用噪音为20~100 p A和带宽区间为3~100 k Hz的仿真信号进行信号识别分析。结果表明,本系统能够满足强噪声、低带宽、高采样率(250 k Hz)环境下对实验数据处理的要求。将此系统应用于单个poly(dA)_4分子的Aerolysin纳米孔道分析实验中,实验结果表明,本系统能够对大数据量的纳米孔道实验数据进行实时、快速、精准的分析处理。     

基于三维电阻抗层析成像的乳腺癌传感器的设计

基于三维电阻抗层析成像方法设计了一种密集型乳腺阵列传感器,并开发了一种用于检测乳腺癌的电阻抗成像传感器。此传感器采用激励电极阵列与接地电极一体化的设计实现了结构简化,并通过锥形基体与双层周向排布的电极阵列实现了电场密集化以及锥度优化,提高了目标物的检测精度。设计了成像系统,采用数值仿真方法对传感器进行优化。仿真结果表明,电极数量减半并不会影响传感器的成像精度,反而可以提高成像速度。最后,考察了传感器的性能,结果表明,系统信噪比与通道一致性良好。利用此传感器对检测场域相对体积为0.4%的实验模型进行了三维图像重建,单目标成像的图像相关系数达到0.6以上,可清晰判别双目标物位置,实现了对乳腺癌的可视化检测。     

基于光强传输方程的多模式成像

在显微成像中,对于相位的恢复和定量相位的成像,基于光强传输方程的定量相位成像是一种有效的方法。在沿光轴分布的光强中采集一系列强度图像,利用数值差分估计光强在聚焦面处的一阶轴向微分并通过求解光强传输方程直接得到相位信息。该方法不需要复杂的干涉装置和参考光束,且能够在传统的明场显微镜下实现定量相位成像。近年来,光强传输方程在国内外得到广泛研究和关注,在自适应光学、X射线衍射光学、电子显微学、光学显微成像等领域中显现出巨大的应用前景。本文提出了一种基于光强传输方程的多模式成像系统,将传统的显微镜和计算成像结合起来,赋予了传统显微镜获得定量相位的能力。采用该系统对未染色的花粉粒以及海拉细胞的有丝分裂过程进行了显微观察,验证了系统的多样性与可靠性。     

一种适用于并行运算处理的实时高动态范围图像合成算法研究

针对目前现有高动态范围图像(HDRI)的合成算法因复杂度高而难以应用于强实时系统的缺点,本文提出了一种适用于并行运算处理硬件的基于多曝光时间的实时HDRI合成算法。该方法首先完成探测器光照响应曲线的生成与标定,然后在现场可编程门列阵(FPGA)中通过数字信号处理技术完成多曝光图像序列的场景照度恢复以及像素的实时融合。仿真验证结果表明,该算法能够正确有效地在FPGA中执行,可达到实时HDRI获取的设计要求。     

国产超导磁共振成像系统研制成功

<正>中科院电工所完成的"开放式超导磁共振成像磁体系统的研制"项目在宁波余姚由中科院主持召开成果鉴定会。磁共振成像系统能够帮助医生在治疗中实现对人体内部结构"看得见、看得清、看得准"的功能。此次由中科院电工所研制的开放式超导磁共振成像磁体系统,能够获得高清晰人体医学影像,与目前医院中普遍使用的磁共振设备不同,该开放式超导磁共振成像医疗设备不再拥有狭长的黑暗隧道,     

Computerized system with a hard-wired data-acquisition unit for potentiometric stripping analysis

The system comprises an electrochemical module interfaced to an controlled by an Apple-IIe microcomputer. A high data-acquisition rate (660 kHz) is achieved by equipping the electrochemical module with a separate memory which is updated in hardware during recording of the stripping step. When a preset cut-off potential is exceeded, data acquisition is automatically terminated, and potentiostatic conditions are resumed. The electrochemical module also contains facilities for instrumental control. The controlling program for the microcomputer is written in assembler code, which can be linked to BASIC routines if necessary. Examples are given to illustrate the advantages of fast data acquisition in improving detection limits and reducing deposition times.     

金属光电光谱仪软件、硬件改造

DV-6SN金属直读光电光谱仪经过十几年运转, 在硬件上出现老化问题,设备故障率不断,配件短缺,不能正常使用,软件不能适应检测数据信息化的要求。光谱仪经过软件、硬件的改造,在确保仪器分析精度不降低的前提下,通过改造升级旧光谱仪器的计算机控制系统、数据采集系统等,真空泵,部分有问题配件国产化改造,并配备新开发的光谱分析专用软件,能实现金属直读光谱仪正常运行,提高检测准确度,提高工作效率,旧光谱仪器获得新生,实现仪器的全面信息化数字化管理。     

IMAGE ANALYZER USED FOR DATA ACQUISITION IN PHOTOTROPISM STUDIES

Abstract— Equipment (video system and goniometric device) developed for the automatic acquisition of data, which can generally be used for testing movement responses of small organisms is presented. This relatively cheap setup, especially designed for kinetic testing of phycomyces phototropism, could also be used with very slight modifications to study phototropism in higher plants and even for other purposes in the study of cell and organism movements. It permits continuous automatic observation of bending angle as a function of time. The goniometric device permits a complete geometrical localization of the object to be analyzed, even time-dependent if needed. The video-system hardware consists of a CCD-video camera (with a sensitivity maximum between 700 and 800 nm), light source (equipped with an IR-filter), video monitor, video card (for image digitalization), video recorder, computer and computer interface. The last assures (through a parallel port of the computer) complete control of the setup; time coordination between computer, lamp, camera and video recorder is thus ensured. Both real time processing and analysis of previously recorded data can be performed. The system permits automatic observation of experiments over long time periods and provides a large amount of data assuring good statistics, which can be analysed quickly.     

Design and evaluation of a multibus-based multiprocessor system for the control of electro analytical experiments

A dual-processor system based on the multibus is described for electroanalytical measurements. Although the hardware configuration is limited, the system is effective for real-time monitoring and control and teh throughput is enhanced. Data acquisition and data processing are divided into consecutive tasks running on separate processors, so that the flexibility of data acquisition is improved. The performances of the multibus-based system and a single processor are compared.     

Automated measurement of dye coverage in photographic negatives by flow-injection analysis

A system was designed to automate the determination of three image dyes in an instant photographic material. The method involves extracting negative samples with dimethylsulfoxide and filtering the extract, followed by quantitating the dye coverage (dye per unit area of negative) through a spectrophotometric flow-injection procedure. Significant spectral overlap exists among the dyes, and as a result calculation of coverage requires solving three simultaneous equations. A microcomputer and data acquisition system were employed for controlling the detector and flow-injection system, acquiring and integrating the detector response, calculating coverage, producing and displaying control charts, and automatically transferring results to a VAX based corporate database. In addition to automating sample preparation and measurement steps as much as possible, the goal of this project was to automate the data manipulation and transfer steps.     

Quantum chemistry in parallel with PQS

This article describes the capabilities and performance of the latest release (version 4.0) of the Parallel Quantum Solutions (PQS) ab initio program package. The program was first released in 1998 and evolved from the TEXAS program package developed by Pulay and coworkers in the late 1970s. PQS was designed from the start to run on Linux‐based clusters (which at the time were just becoming popular) with all major functionality being (a) fully parallel; and (b) capable of carrying out calculations on large—by ab initio standards—molecules, our initial aim being at least 100 atoms and 1000 basis functions with only modest memory requirements. With modern hardware and recent algorithmic developments, full accuracy, high‐level calculations (DFT, MP2, CI, and Coupled‐Cluster) can be performed on systems with up to several thousand basis functions on small (4‐32 node) Linux clusters. We have also developed a graphical user interface with a model builder, job input preparation, parallel job submission, and post‐job visualization and display. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2009     

Data Acquisition and Transfer System for In-situ Atomic Emission Spectroscopic Analysis

A new method of data acquisition,proceeding and data share is introduced and a data acquisition and transfer system targeting in-situ spectroscopic analysis in metallurgy is established. This system is designed for the critical control of steelmaking, which greatly requires rapid and suitable information feedback. The information includes analysis data, measurement data and controls. The analysis data are acquired from the serial port of the computer-aided spectrometers or other devices and are identified, converted and then stored to the standard database in a network server. The network is based on the Intranet structure and works on the Windows NT operation system. It supports remote access and Internet connection so that the analysis data can be shared,proceeded and developed by certified personnel throughout the network. A set of specially designed data transfer devices with display panel are used in the severe places to display real-time analysis data and other information, which are offered from the nearest workstation on the network. These devices are dust-proofed and anti-magnetic. Each device offers up to 30 terminals with the limited distance of 3000 meters at 2400 baud-rates under the industrial condition. The application program for the data proceeding is integrated to the system. It includes system security, data acquisition, data transfer, data process and display. It also includes auxiliary functions such as operation help, system's resources monitoring and other customer-defined parameters. The software's functions directly related to the system are detailed discussed. Associated with another management and control software programmed for this system,the critical control of steelmaking can be approached.     

Elemental 2D imaging of paintings with a mobile EDXRF system

Imaging techniques are now used commonly and intensively in cultural heritage object analysis. Nowadays, many different techniques in nature as well as many applications exist, where they can be applied. X-ray radiography and infrared reflectography as well as UV photography are some of the most applied techniques. The study of works of art usually requires these techniques to be non-invasive. Furthermore, they are frequently required to perform in situ analysis. A few years ago, our laboratory developed a mobile energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence and UV–vis–NIR coupled spectrometer, especially designed for fieldwork studies, where all three techniques can be applied strictly at the same site of analysis. Recent developments on a new positioning system have now allowed us to perform 2D elemental mappings with our equipment, which is especially well adapted to painting analysis. The system control is carried out entirely through a laptop computer running a dedicated homemade software. The positioning is achieved by means of a CCD camera embedded in the system and controlled via a Wi-Fi connection through the computer. The data acquisition system, which is made through a homemade multichannel pulse height analyzer, being also managed via the software mentioned above, goes through an Ethernet connection. We will present here the new developments of the system and an example of in situ 2D elemental mapping applied on an anonymous oil painting on wood panel. The discovery of a hidden painting under this oil painting makes it a good choice for a first example of 2D large scan with a mobile instrument.     

面向高保真再现的多光谱图像融合技术

面向高保真再现(高保真显示和高保真印刷)的多光谱图像融合是多光谱颜色再现的关键技术和核心环节.论文结合人类视觉系统的构成与特性,采用基于多分辨率分析理论的图像融合方法,并嵌入基于图像色貌模型的色彩转换方法,提出了面向高保真再现的多光谱图像融合方法,其核心为基于人类视觉系统的小波图像融合方法,并设计了融合框架、融合算法和融合效果评价指标.最后通过高分辨率图像与多光谱图像的融合试验,并通过融合指标的分析计算验证了此技术方法的有效性,它为颜色视觉的阶段理论学说提供了新的理论解释.