文72块沙三中油藏烃气驱室内实验

文留油田文72块沙三中低渗透挥发性油藏注烃类气室内实验研究包括地层流体的物理性质研究、注入溶剂的组分分析以及通过细管实验研究地层流体同注入溶剂在130℃时的最小混相压力。研究表明，最小混相压力为47．1MPa．通过长岩心模拟目前油藏条件，进行水驱、烃类气驱以及气与水交替驱实验研究，天然气驱实验表现出近混相的特征，气体突破时，采收率为65．7％，最终采收率能达到86．1％；水驱实验表明无水采收率能达到61．9％，当含水为98％时，呆收率能达到64．5％；水驱后进行天然气与水交替注入，共进行3个循环，各个气、水段塞为0．2PV，最终采收率达到95．22％，比水驱提高30．69个百分点。     

冀东油田高13断块烃气驱可行性实验研究

冀东油田高13断块属于低渗透深层油藏,目前水驱开发效果差,注烃气是动用此类油藏有效的方法之一。针对高13断块油藏进行了烃气驱室内实验研究。注气相行为特征实验表明,注烃气对高13断块油藏流体的降黏、膨胀效果显著。细管驱替实验测试确定高13断块的混相压力为29MPa,在目前地层条件下能够混相。长岩心驱替结果表明,气驱比水驱效果好,优选水气交替的注入方式。室内实验结果表明,烃气驱在冀东油田低渗透油藏有着较好的应用前景和潜力。     

KKY-X_5~2挥发性油藏注气驱机理及实验效果研究

KKY-X52挥发性油藏的储层物性为低孔低渗,平均孔隙度为12.08%,平均渗透率为13.52×10-3μm2。经过十多年的开采,目前该油藏存在地层压力低,原油脱气明显,采出程度低,剩余储量大等问题。为了研究该油藏注气、注水驱可行性,在室内进行了长岩心驱替实验,得到了不同方案下(原始地层压力下注烃类气、CO2驱,目前地层压力下注水、注烃类气、注CO2驱,压力恢复至20 MPa下注烃类气、CO2驱)提高原油采收率的效果。此外,利用细管实验确定了烃类气和CO2驱替的最小混相压力,这些关键参数对研究都有很大帮助。长岩心驱替实验研究结果表明:从目前地层压力11.4 MPa注CO2提压到20 MPa焖井12小时后,采收率提高了19.46%,注烃类气提高了10.69%。研究结果表明注CO2和注烃类气提压开发可以较大幅度地提高采收率,对现场提高采收率实施方案有一定的指导作用。     

扎尔则油田泥盆系F4顶层油藏注富气混相驱实验

在扎尔则油田F4顶层油藏开展富气混相驱,具有良好的储层物性和流体性质条件。长细管实验研究了注入富气组成对混相驱效果的影响,确定了目前地层压力、温度条件下注入富气的最小混相组成,并揭示注入富气组成在影响驱油效率的同时,也影响驱油速度,且在近混相驱范围内对富气驱效果的影响更为强烈。长岩心驱替实验表明:开发初期注富气效果要好于水驱后注富气,但水驱后注入最小混相组成流体仍可获得非常高的驱油效率,高含水油藏注富气混相驱有望大幅度提高原油采收率;随着富气注入量的增加,混相驱最终采收率也增加,但存在增幅减缓的"拐点",原因是轻烃组分超越原油流动,使有效驱替容积部分损失,气油比的"台阶"式变化将是经济确定富气注入量的重要标志;在富气注入量较小时,连续注入比气水交替注入效果好,建议扎尔则油田小型先导试验采用连续注气方式。     

文72块沙三中油藏天然气驱可行性试验研究

根据文南油田72块沙三中油藏的性质和流体特征，通过室内细管驱替试验和长岩心驱替试验研究，表明注入天然气组成达到一定比例和注入气和温度大于某一临界值，就可以对该油藏进行注烃类气体混相驱，说明注气开发是可行的，并能够提高油藏的采收率。     

高含水油藏注气驱提高采收率技术研究

针对高含水中后期油藏以及注水困难的水敏油藏难以实现高效开发与持续稳产的问题,通过PVT釜高压物性实验与长细管驱替实验进行了注富气与CO_2驱提高采收率室内评价研究。实验对原油进行了PVT高压物性分析,研究了注入不同摩尔分数比例的CO_2和富气时,原油饱和压力、降黏效果和膨胀能力的变化规律,并对比分析采用连续注气与交替注气下,高含水油藏的驱油效果。长细管实验对比分析了注CO_2和富气在原油中的最小混相压力及混相驱替效率,CO_2在原油中的最小混相压力为14.27 MPa,富气在原油中的混相压力为34.74 MPa。对原油物性与驱油效率的分析表明,注富气可以较好地提高轻质油藏原油的采收率。与水驱相比,采用连续注气与交替注入,富气驱均可以提高采收率28%以上,且交替注入的效果更好。     

Laboratory experiment of enriched-gas miscible flooding in top layer of Devonian F4 in Zaraitine Oilfield

在扎尔则油田F4顶层油藏开展富气混相驱,具有良好的储层物性和流体性质条件.长细管实验研究了注入富气组成对混相驱效果的影响,确定了目前地层压力、温度条件下注入富气的最小混相组成,并揭示注入富气组成在影响驱油效率的同时,也影响驱油速度,且在近混相驱范围内对富气驱效果的影响更为强烈.长岩心驱替实验表明:开发初期注富气效果要好于水驱后注富气,但水驱后注入最小混相组成流体仍可获得非常高的驱油效率,高含水油藏注富气混相驱有望大幅度提高原油采收率;随着富气注入量的增加,混相驱最终采收率也增加,但存在增幅减缓的“拐点”,原因是轻烃组分超越原油流动,使有效驱替容积部分损失,气油比的“台阶”式变化将是经济确定富气注入量的重要标志;在富气注入量较小时,连续注入比气水交替注入效果好,建议扎尔则油田小型先导试验采用连续注气方式.     

葡北油田三间房组油藏天然气重力驱特征及影响因素

为探索吐哈盆地葡北油田实施天然气重力驱开发的可行性，明确不同实施参数下的驱油特征，通过高压物性分析、细管实验、CT扫描成像及全直径岩心驱替实验，分析了葡北油田开发前后中侏罗统三间房组储集层流体的高压物性变化特征，计算了目前油藏条件下鄯乌管道气和西气东输气的最小混相压力，比较了不同驱替方式下流体的分布特征及岩心沿程含油饱和度变化，明确了注气速度、注气压力及岩心倾角对天然气重力驱的影响。结果表明，开发后原油密度与饱和压力均增大，黏度变化不明显，原油中C₂—C₆含量显著下降；目前油藏条件下鄯乌管道气和西气东输气与储集层原油的最小混相压力分别为48.2 MPa和49.5 MPa，均大于原始油气最小混相压力；相比水驱结束状态，天然气重力驱沿程含油饱和度存在较大差异，岩心高部位含油饱和度明显低于低部位含油饱和度，重力驱对于高部位原油的动用效果更为明显；较低的注气速度、较高的驱替压力以及较大的倾角均有利于提高天然气重力驱的原油采收率。     

文南油田文72块沙三段中亚段油藏烃气驱实验

针对文南油田文72块沙三段中亚段低渗透油藏，开展了烃气驱提高采收率可行性研究。研究认为，在目前地层条件下，虽然拟定的注入溶剂与该块油藏原油形成47．10MPa的最小混相压力不能达到完全混相，但驱替效率较高；长岩心驱替特征则表明该体系是一个近混相体系，与相同条件下的氮气驱和水驱相比，采收率分别提高了38．43％和22．08％；影响气驱采收率的主要因素是“混相”程度和气窜问题；水气交替注入可较大幅度提高采收率，但注入压力很高，现场实施困难。     

混相驱提高原油采收率室内实验研究

详细地叙述了混相驱提高原油采收率室内实验研究所进行的压力－组分实验、细管实验和长岩心驱替实验。通过室内试验筛选了注入溶剂，确定了在一定实验条件下注入溶剂与地层原油形成混相的最小混相压力小混相富化量，获得了注入溶剂在岩心驱替过程中的驱油效率和动态特征等方面的重要成果。     

阿姆河右岸酸性气田井口冲蚀及对策

中亚土库曼斯坦阿姆河右岸气田群为高含H_2S和CO_2的碳酸盐岩气藏,单井产量高,井口设备均出现了不同程度的腐蚀。初步分析认为其原因是生产过程中仅考虑酸性介质对气井井口的化学腐蚀,而没有考虑气体流速对井口的冲蚀作用,极大地影响了气田的安全生产。为此,通过对节流阀上下游阀道、法兰面均出现明显坑状腐蚀的进一步分析,明确了化学腐蚀和气体冲蚀的交互作用是井口磨损的主要影响因素,气流冲刷腐蚀坑的化学腐蚀产物会加速冲蚀损害;进而借鉴冲蚀与腐蚀运行环境下的多相管流管道的磨损计算理论,计算了该运行环境下的冲蚀极限速度,得到了不同生产工况下节流阀的抗冲蚀流量;最后,根据气田生产情况,针对性地提出了按气井配产要求来选择采气树类型、节流阀通径及类型冲蚀的技术控制策略。此举为气田安全生产提供了工程技术保障。     

山前地区深井超深井套管防磨与减磨技术研究

针对山前地区深井超深井钻井过程中套管磨损严重的问题,在分析套管磨损机理的基础上,开展了山前地区套管防磨与减磨技术研究,基于技术研究成果及应用实践,得到如下结论:1应用Power V等垂直钻井系统控制井眼轨迹,特别是上部井段的狗腿度和井斜,可明显减小侧向力和磨损量,缩短套管磨损时间;2应综合考虑套管磨损率、磨损系数以及钻杆耐磨带本身的磨损量,优选出效果最优的耐磨带;在狗腿度严重的位置,可考虑采用一定数量的橡胶钻杆卡箍来减轻对套管的磨损;3山前地区钻井液采用CX-300减磨剂能够显著降低磨损速率,减轻套管磨损程度,但在不同钻井液体系使用之前应进行优化分析以确定最佳使用量;4在迪那204井使用高密度钻井液体系,全部采用优选的高密度重晶石粉代替铁矿粉作为加重剂,整个钻进过程中未出现钻具及套管磨损,迪那204井易损件消耗量仅为邻井迪那203井的左右,防磨减磨效果非常显著。     

Biodiesel Projects Helpful to Ease Energy Shortage

Nearly 7,000 hectares of biodiesel forest will take shape in the northern province of Hebei in 2008, part of a national campaign to fuel the fast growing economy in a green way. In no more than five years, the Pistacia chinensis Bunge, whose seeds have an oil content of up to 40 percent, will yield five tons of fruit and contribute about two tons of high-quality biological diesel oil, according to the provincial forestry administration.     

State Energy Base Proposed in Inner Mongolia

Experts recently suggested China set up a state energy base in lnner Mongolia Autonomous Region to ease its energy thirst. The survey was co-conducted by senior researchers from the National Development and Reform Commission, Development Research Center of the State Council, Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Ministry of Finance. To plan and establish strategic energy bases at state level is in line with the principle of ＂giving priority to energy saving and diversifying energy consumption with the utility of coal at the core.＂     

Influence of Shale Oil Boom in North America upon nternational Crude Price Flucturation

正Current stituation of shale oil development in the world The US The country is blessed with abundant shale oil resources and had matersed whole sets of theories and technologies needed for their exploration and development after years of practices.According to an assessment of shale oil resources in major countries and regions of the world issued by the U.S.Energy Information Agency(EIA),the US ranks the second in the world with its 6.8 billion tons of technically recoverable shale oil(shale oil in place is about 136.3 tons).About 8plays had been confirmed to have     

A Sintering-resistant Pd/C Composite Catalyst for Ethylbenzene DehydrogenationDeveloped by CAS Institute of Metals

Carbon deposition is a commonplace phenomenon occurringin the catalytic reaction process, in particular inthe system of direct dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene,because the reactant - ethylbenzene molecules on thesurface of metal oxide catalysts are prone to quickly formcarbon deposits, leading to deactivation of catalysts. Recently,the associate research fellow Mr. Liu Hongyangand the research fellow Mr. Su Dangsheng of the StateShenyang Material Science （United ） Laboratory of theInstitute of Metal Research, CAS by taking advantageof the carbon deposition process during direct dehydrogenationof ethylbenzene have ingeniously designeda Pd/C composite catalyst. This catalyst in comparisonwith the traditional commercial carbon nanotubesupported Pd catalyst shows a significantly improved performancein terms of its catalytic activity and sinteringresistantability.     

ZPEB Overseas Markets Keep Steady and Efficient Development

In recent years, Zhongyuan Petroleum Exploration Bureau （ZPEB） has made rapid development in overseas petroleum markets through its integrated reorganization. A new international business plattbrm established, aimed at becoming a highly ranked contractor with international petroleum engineering technology. ZPEB has expanded its business scope and scale, regulated the market structure,     

New Era for China-Brazil Relations

China and Brazil celebrated the 40th anniversary of establishing diplomatic relations between the two countries in July this year. Bilateral relations between China and Brazil have entered a new stage, and experts expect the already extensive cooperation between the two countries to deepen and broaden as Chinese President Xi Jinping made a state visit to Brazil in mid-July, which is his first state visit to Brazil since he assumed the office last year. The visit to China＇s largest trade partner in Latin America is at the invitation of Brazilian President Dilma Rousseff.     

Large Scale Ethylene Production Package Technology SuccessfullyDeveloped by CNPC

The CNPC Group has successfully developed a largescaleethylene production package technology with independentintellectual property rights, which has beensuccessfully applied in the 1.2 Mt/a ethylene revamp andexpansion project at the Daqing Petrochemical Complex（DPC）.     

Recent Advancements in Petroleum E & P Equipments in China

The role of equipments in oil and gas exploration and development had never been attached with so much importance as that in shale oil and gas boom in the U.S. With the help of massive hydraulic fracturing and horizontal drilling techniques, the U.S., the world＇s No. 1 oil importer even started to dream about energy self-sufficiency with its proudly high production of shale oil and gas from several major shale plays in the country. However, what behind this remarkable achievement are powerful multi-stage hydraulic fracturing machinery and smart tools for directional drilling.