胭脂虫酸染丝织物时钛离子前媒工艺的探讨

将钛离子前媒处理后的丝织物,采用天然染料胭脂虫酸进行染色,以丝织物的K／S、H值进行表征,对媒染剂浓度、温度、时间三个工艺因素进行了单因素实验,得到了钛离子前媒处理的最佳工艺参数（媒染液浓度510-3mol／L,40℃,40min）。用钛离子分别与丝的模拟物-丝肽、胭脂虫酸刺成配合物,测定配合物的红外光谱,丝肽中-NH2,酰胺Ⅰ、酰胺Ⅱ、羟基、羧基;胭脂虫酸分子中葡萄糖剩基上环状C-O-C,醌结构中的酚羟基、羧基等基团参与了与钛离子的配合反应。     

胭脂虫酸染棉织物时钛离子前媒工艺的探讨

将钛离子前媒处理后的棉织物,采用天然染料胭脂虫酸进行染色,以棉织物的K/S、H*值进行表征,对媒染剂浓度、温度、时间3个因素进行了单因素工艺实验,得到了钛离子前媒处理的最佳工艺参数(媒染剂浓度9×10-3 mol/L,50 ℃,40 min).用钛离子分别与淀粉(棉织物的模拟物)、胭脂虫酸制成配合物,并测定配合物的红外光谱(IR),显示淀粉葡萄糖剩基上环状C-O-C,胭脂虫酸分子中葡萄糖剩基上环状C-O-C,醌结构中的酚羟基、羧基等基团参与了与钛离子的配合反应.     

胭脂虫酸染丝织物时媒染对染色性能的影响

用钛、铁、铝、锌4种金属离子对丝织物进行前媒染后,用天然染料--胭脂虫酸染色,随媒染剂种类的不同,染色织物的上染率、色光、鲜艳度与无媒染染色织物比发生了不同程度的变化;媒染使染色织物获得了较好的色牢度,同时机械性能有所变化;仪器分析显示,媒染后织物表面出现了不同程度的原纤化,金属离子与纤维上配位基的配位反应主要发生在纤维的无定形区.     

媒染对天然染料染色性能的影响

为研究天然染料染色时金属离子的媒染机制,用钛、铁、铝、锌4种金属离子对棉织物进行前媒染,然后用天然染料——胭脂虫酸染色。研究结果表明:与无媒染染色织物相比,所用媒染剂种类不同,染色织物的上染率、色光、鲜艳度发生了不同程度的变化;媒染使染色织物获得了较好的牢度,同时力学性能有所变化。仪器分析显示:经4种金属离子媒染后的织物表面均被轻度腐蚀,经钛离子媒染后的织物表面可明显看到附着物;金属离子与纤维上配位基的配位反应主要发生在纤维的无定形区。     

羊毛织物的胭脂虫染料染色

选取天然胭脂虫染料,利用直接染色法和预媒染法（以十二水合硫酸铝钾为媒染剂）对羊毛织物进行染色。通过研究染色pH、染色温度、染色时间、媒染剂用量等因素对胭脂虫红上染羊毛织物染色性能的影响,优化染色工艺条件。结果表明,胭脂虫染料上染羊毛织物最佳工艺条件为：染液pH为4,染色温度为100℃,染色时间为40 min,硫酸铝钾媒染剂质量浓度为0.5 g/L,染色羊毛织物的颜色性能和色牢度优良。     

真丝绸胭脂虫红色素无媒染色

为使胭脂虫色素在无媒染时较好地上染真丝绸,采用聚乙烯亚胺来改性真丝织物。利用紫外光谱对所用色素进行定性分析,主要研究了胭脂虫红色素对改性真丝织物的工艺条件。结果表明,改性剂聚乙烯亚胺能提升胭脂虫红色素对真丝绸的染色性能。改性的最佳工艺为:改性剂质量浓度0.8 g/L,pH=8,改性温度60℃,改性时间50 min。胭脂虫红色素染色改性真丝织物的最优工艺为:胭脂虫红色素的质量分数为3%,染液的pH为7,染色温度为80℃,染色时间为60 min,染色浴比为1∶30。改性染色织物的K/S值不低于媒染染色,且耐皂洗色牢度比媒染染色提高1级。     

胭脂树橙对桑蚕丝织物染色工艺

采用胭脂树橙色素对桑蚕丝织物进行染色工艺研究,探讨媒染剂和媒染方法对染色效果的影响。在硫酸亚铁预媒法工艺下,对媒染剂用量、染色温度、染色时间进行优化,得到最佳的染色工艺为：硫酸亚铁为3.5g/L、媒染时间为30min、媒染温度为80℃,胭脂树橙色素10%(omf),染色温度为80℃、染色时间为40min、染色p H值5.5。染色后织物色牢度优良。     

茶树果色素对真丝织物的染色性能

将茶树果天然色素在真丝织物上进行染色试验,选择染浴pH、染色温度、色素用量进行单因素试验.以铝盐和铁盐为媒染剂,讨论了预媒染处理对染色效果的影响.结果表明,茶树果天然色素对真丝织物的优化染色工艺为:色素用量5%(omf)、染色温度90℃、pH=3、浴比1∶50;预媒染处理可以提高染色织物的色牢度.     

木犀草素对真丝织物的染色工艺探究

为拓展木犀草素的应用领域,将木犀草素应用于真丝织物染色研究,文章分别以硫酸亚铁和明矾为媒染剂,研究了木犀草素在真丝织物上的媒染性能,其中探讨了媒染方式、pH和温度对媒染性能的影响,并测试其色光、皂洗牢度和耐摩擦牢度。结果表明,当木犀草素用量为6%(owf)时,硫酸亚铁较佳的媒染工艺为:媒染剂用量6%(owf)、预媒染、pH8.0,温度60℃;明矾较佳的媒染工艺为:媒染剂用量6%(owf)、预媒染、pH5.0,温度90℃;染色60min真丝织物分别被染成深绿色和亮黄色,明矾媒染织物的耐洗色牢度和耐摩擦色牢度均在3级以上,硫酸亚铁媒染后的耐洗色牢度和耐摩擦色牢度可达4级以上。     

真丝的落叶松树皮红色素染色性能

从落叶松树皮中提取红色素并用于真丝织物染色。采用正交试验探讨了提取时间、提取温度、提取剂质量分数、料液比等因素对提取效果的影响。将红色素用于真丝织物染色,选择染浴p H、染色温度、色素用量、染色时间进行单因素试验,以铝盐和铁盐为媒染剂,讨论了预媒染处理对染色效果的影响。结果表明,从落叶松树皮中提取红色素的优化条件为:乙醇溶液50%,料液比1∶15,温度35℃,超声处理时间1.5 h。红色素在长时间光照、高温和碱性条件下呈现不稳定性。红色素对丝绸织物的优化染色工艺为:染色温度40℃,p H=4,染色时间90 min,浴比1∶50,铝离子媒染处理可以适当提高染色织物的色牢度。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press     

INFOPRINT 2014 was Successfully Held in Dongguan

Sponsored by Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China （PEIAC） and organized by Print China magazine, the Seventeenth Beijing International Printing Information Conference （INFOPRINT 2014） was successfully held on 11th Dec. 2014 at Dongguan Exhibition International Hotel.