术后预防TACE延缓微血管癌栓肝癌患者的抗复发作用

目的探讨术后预防性TACE对存在微血管癌栓肝癌患者的抗复发作用。方法166例患者进入本研究,根据患者术后病理结果有无肿瘤微血管癌栓以及术后两个月内有无接受预防性TACE分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ四组。比较各组患者逐年肿瘤复发率及总体无瘤生存率。结果：共有85例患者存在肿瘤微血管癌栓,其中43例曾接受预防性TACE治疗（Ⅰ组）,42例未接受预防性TACE治疗（Ⅱ组）;有81例患者不存在肿瘤微血管癌栓,其中29例曾接受预防性TACE治疗（Ⅲ组）,52例未接受预防性TACE治疗（Ⅳ组）;Ⅰ、Ⅱ两组间及Ⅲ、Ⅳ两组间在肿瘤直径、切缘距离、AFP水平等三项因素方面不存在显著差异（P〉0.05）。Ⅰ、Ⅱ组患者之间总体无瘤生存率存在显著性差异（P〈0.05）,Ⅲ、Ⅳ组患者之间无瘤生存率无显著性差异（P〉0.05）;Ⅰ、Ⅱ组患者之间仅第1年肝癌复发率存在显著性差异（34.9%vs73.8%,P=0.048）,第2、3、4年的肝癌复发率差异无显著性（P〉0.05）;Ⅲ、Ⅳ组患者之间各年度的肝癌复发率均无显著性差异（P〉0.05）。结论：术后预防性TACE对于合并肿瘤微血管癌栓的肝癌患者,可以降低早期复发（1年内）的发生率,但对于1年以上较远期的肝癌复发无显著影响。肝癌根治性切除术后复发高峰在第一年内,因此预防性TACE也应在术后早期（1～2个月）内实施。     

辅助性肝动脉化疗栓塞术对原发性肝癌切除手术预后的影响

目的 研究辅助性肝动脉化疗栓塞(TACE)对原发性肝癌切除术后患者预后的影响,为临床评估术后合理选择辅助性TACE提供参考.方法 回顾性分析福建医科大学附属泉州第一医院2002-2008年311例原发性肝癌患者的临床资料.利用COX回归模型逐步分析,Kaplan-Meier法分析辅助性TACE对肿瘤直径≤5 cm高危组(76例)、低危组(91例)以及肿瘤直径＞5 cm高危组(65例)、低危组(78例)患者预后的影响.低危组定义为肿瘤单发且无血管侵犯;高危组定义为肿瘤多发和(或)血管侵犯.结果 在肿瘤直径＞5 cm高危组,术后行辅助性TACE者总生存期高于术后未行辅助性TACE者(P＜0.05).其他亚组术后是否行辅助性TACE对总生存期无明显影响(P＞0.05).结论 辅助性TACE对于肿瘤直径＞5 cm的高危组肝癌术后患者是有受益的.     

肝细胞癌E-cadherin和ki-67蛋白表达与肝切除术预后关系的研究

目的：研究E-cadherin和ki-67在肝细胞癌（HCC）组织中的表达与HCC临床病理指标和肝切除术后患者预后的关系。方法：应用组织芯片技术和免疫组织化学检测255例HCC组织标本中的E-cadherin和ki-67的表达,并分析与临床病理指标、肿瘤1年复发率和术后总生存期的关系。结果：E-cadherin表达与肿瘤直径相关（P〈0.05）,阴性表达组1年复发率明显高于阳性组（P〈0.05）;ki-67表达与血管癌栓和肿瘤分化程度相关（P〈0.05）,阳性表达组与阴性表达组相比1年复发率高、总生存期短（P〈0.05）。Cox比例风险模型多因素分析显示ki-67阳性表达是HCC肝切除术后独立风险因子。结论：E-cadherin阴性表达者和ki-67阳性表达者早期复发率高,ki-67阳性表达是HCC肝切除术后独立的风险因子,可作为HCC肝切除术后患者总生存期的评估指标。     

肝癌术后行预防性肝动脉化疗栓塞适应证的初步探讨

目的 探讨预防性经皮肝动脉化疗栓塞(TACE)对肝细胞癌(简称肝癌)患者术后复发的影响.方法 回顾性分析2004年1月至2007年6月期间在第二军医大学东方肝胆外科医院行肝切除术的260例肝癌患者的临床资料,男性235例,女性25例,年龄14～79岁,中位年龄50.5岁.其中术后行预防性TACE 104例,未行预防性TACE 156例.结果 全组术后1、2年生存率分别为84.1%、70.5%,1、2年无瘤生存率分别为69.2%、58.4%,TACE组与非TACE组1、2年累积无瘤生存率差异均无统计学意义(P=0.145,P=0.405).肿瘤直径≥10 cm的62例患者中,TACE组与非TACE组1、2年累积无瘤生存率差异均有统计学意义(P=0.025,P=0.025).有血管癌栓的38例患者中,TACE组与非TACE组1年累积无瘤生存率差异有统计学意义(P=0.025),2年累积无瘤生存率差异无统计学意义(P=0.122).结论 对于肿瘤直径≥10 cm、有血管癌栓的肝癌患者,术后行预防性TACE可减少或延缓术后肝内复发.     

原发性肝癌切除术后早期复发高危因素分析

目的 探讨影响原发性肝癌根治性切除术后早期复发的高危因素。方法 回顾性分析2000年6月至2002年12月广西医科大学第一附属医院经根治性手术切除的145例原发性肝癌的临床病理资料,选择16项临床、病理和治疗等指标分析其对早期复发的影响。结果 全组1年内早期复发57例,早期复发组的1年存活率为36.8％,3年存活率为3.5％,而对照组（1年后复发或随访期间无复发）1年和3年存活率分别为100％和63.6%,两组存活率差异有统计学意义（χ2=139.9, P<0.001）。单因素分析表明,年龄、肝硬化、肿瘤直径、多发肿瘤、肿瘤包膜形成、肿瘤包膜浸润、门静脉癌栓、肝静脉癌栓、微血管浸润和肿瘤Edmond-Steiner分级是影响肝癌早期复发的高危因素。多因素分析提示,肿瘤直径、门静脉癌栓、肿瘤微血管浸润和肿瘤包膜浸润是影响肝癌早期复发的独立因素。结论 术后复发是肝癌的一大生物学特性,肿瘤直径、门静脉癌栓、微血管浸润和肿瘤包膜浸润是影响肝癌早期复发的最主要危险因素。甄别肝癌切除术后早期复发的高危因素对于手术适应证的把握和术后的辅助治疗有指导性意义。     

关于肝癌消融治疗学科建设的若干思考

目的分析影响TACE治疗中晚期肝癌生存期的因素。方法回顾性分析67例中晚期肝癌接受TACE术患者的临床资料,采用Kaplan-Meier及Log-rank分析影响预后的因素,Cox比例风险回归模型进行多因素分析。结果全组患者中位生存期12个月(95%CI:7.82,16.17),1、2、3年生存率分别为44.78%(30/67)、13.43%(9/67)和5.97%(4/67)。单因素预后分析显示:既往有无射频治疗、有无动静脉瘘、BCLC分期、有无门静脉癌栓、ECOG评分、远处转移、ALT、后继索拉菲尼治疗情况与中晚期肝癌患者的预后有关(P0.05);多因素预后分析显示远处转移及门静脉癌栓与中晚期肝癌患者预后有关(B0,P0.05)。结论合并远处转移及门脉癌栓是中晚期肝癌患者预后的独立影响因素。     

VEGF和MVD在术前接受过肝动脉栓塞化疗的肝癌组织中的表达及临床意义

目的探讨血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF)和平均微血管密度(MVD)在接受术前经导管肝动脉栓塞化疗(TACE)肝癌细胞中的表达和在二期切除肝癌复发预后中的意义。方法选取91例术前TACE和50例未行TACE肝癌手术切除标本,采用免疫组化方法检测两组标本VEGF、CD34的表达情况和MVD值。分析两组VEGF的表达情况和MVD值的差异,以及62例术前TACE后根治性切除的肝癌中VEGF的表达水平与复发的关系。结果 VEGF表达于肝细胞质中,CD34选择性表达于血管内皮细胞,术前TACE组和未行TACE组VEGF的表达(6.9±4.7vs5.1±4.4)和MVD值(62.0±35.4vs45.6±29.0)差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。术前TACE后根治性二期切除患者,复发组(45例)与未复发组(17例)肿瘤组织中VEGF阳性率分别为82.2%和41.2%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。VEGF阳性组1、3、5年无瘤生存率分别为50.9%、%、22.5%,VEGF阴性组分别为88.5%、68.2%、28.153.0%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。多因素分析表明治疗前存在播散结节及VEGF的表达水平是影响TACE后二期切除患者复发的独立危险因素。结论 TACE后残癌组织血管生成增多,术前TACE后二期根治性切除肝癌VEGF的表达与患者术后复发转移密切相关。     

术前TACE对肝细胞肝癌患者肝切除术后预后的影响

目的：探讨术前经肝动脉化疗栓塞术（TACE）对肝细胞肝癌（HCC）肝切除患者生存及预后的影响。方法：对479例行肝切除并经病理确诊、临床资料完整的HCC患者进行回顾性分析,除外失访及死亡者50例,余按TACE时机分为2组,其中术前TACE组50例,术前无TACE组379例。对2组患者的临床病理资料行χ2检验,Kaplan-Meier分析术后无瘤生存率及预后。结果：术前2组患者在性别、病灶数目、肿瘤最大径、AFP、HBV感染、静脉癌栓、肝切除范围及肝硬化等方面差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。但术前TACE组患者年龄比术前无TACE组小（χ2=6.228,P=0.012）,且肿瘤分化程度低、坏死率高（χ2=53.874,P=0.000）。2组患者无瘤生存率及总体生存率差异均无统计学意义（χ2=0.736,P=0.391;χ2=0.000,P=0.995）。结论：不能一期切除的肝细胞肝癌患者,经TACE后行手术治疗,其无瘤生存率及预后与直接手术相似。     

肝癌术后复发高危患者行TACE的意义

目的 探讨预防性经皮肝动脉化疗栓塞(transeatheter arterial chemoembolization,TACE)在防治高危患者术后复发中的意义.方法 回顾性分析54例有癌栓、子灶或合并多发结节、术后高AFP高危肝细胞癌患者,所有患者由同组手术医师手术,达到根治性切除手术要求.42例患者术后1～2月复查肝功能达到Child A级、肝炎病毒复制被控制在1000 copies/ml以下的高危患者行TACE术做为目标组.12例同样接受根治性手术治疗的高危患者因其他原因未接受TACE治疗做为对照组.通过2年的随访,比较2组的复发率,以了解术后TACE与高危患者复发的关系.结果 接受预防性TACE者术后1年肝内复发率(19.O%)明显低于未接受者(50%);术后2年复发率同样明显低于未接受者(52.3%vs 83.3%).对不同时间段复发率进行分析,随着时间延长TACE组复发率逐渐增高接近对照组.结论 对于肝癌高危复发患者术后进行预防性TACE有助于减少术后近期肿瘤复发率.     

肝癌术后复发高危患者行TACE的意义

目的 探讨预防性经皮肝动脉化疗栓塞(transeatheter arterial chemoembolization,TACE)在防治高危患者术后复发中的意义.方法 回顾性分析54例有癌栓、子灶或合并多发结节、术后高AFP高危肝细胞癌患者,所有患者由同组手术医师手术,达到根治性切除手术要求.42例患者术后1～2月复查肝功能达到Child A级、肝炎病毒复制被控制在1000 copies/ml以下的高危患者行TACE术做为目标组.12例同样接受根治性手术治疗的高危患者因其他原因未接受TACE治疗做为对照组.通过2年的随访,比较2组的复发率,以了解术后TACE与高危患者复发的关系.结果 接受预防性TACE者术后1年肝内复发率(19.O%)明显低于未接受者(50%);术后2年复发率同样明显低于未接受者(52.3%vs 83.3%).对不同时间段复发率进行分析,随着时间延长TACE组复发率逐渐增高接近对照组.结论 对于肝癌高危复发患者术后进行预防性TACE有助于减少术后近期肿瘤复发率.     

维生素D受体在糖尿病肾病足细胞损伤及蛋白尿缓解中的作用

目的探讨维生素D受体(VDR)在糖尿病肾病(DKD)足细胞中的表达水平及在足细胞损伤及蛋白尿缓解中的作用。方法(1)本研究纳入了65例诊断患有2型糖尿病(伴或不伴蛋白尿)的患者,并纳入了25例年龄和性别相匹配的健康体检者为对照组。根据白蛋白/肌酐(ACR)的尿排泄比例对2型糖尿病患者进行分组,分别为无蛋白尿(ACR<30 mg/g,n=24)、微量白蛋白尿(ACR 30~300 mg/g,n=18)和临床蛋白尿(ACR>300 mg/g,n=23)。另选择25例经肾活检确诊的DKD患者作为DKD组。正常肾脏组织标本均取自泌尿外科同一时期肾脏肿瘤切除患者10例。将各组检测指标进行对比,同时采用实时定量PCR、ELISA法和免疫组化法检测VDR在各组患者的血液、尿液样本和肾脏组织中的表达情况,以及使用Pearson相关分析分析VDR与尿蛋白的相关性。(2)在2型糖尿病肾病小鼠模型中对上述结果进行验证,将遗传背景均为C57BLKs/J的雄性db/db小鼠及同窝出生的db/m小鼠,随机分为正常对照组(A组)、DKD对照组(B组)、DKD二甲基亚砜处理组(C组)、DKD帕立骨化醇(VDR激动剂)处理组(D组),C、D组连续腹腔注射处理8周,对照组不做任何处理。小鼠10周龄时开始连续干预8周,在小鼠22周龄(开始干预后12周)检测各组小鼠体重、血、尿生化指标对比;Western印迹法检测β⁃catenin、VDR的变化;免疫荧光观察足细胞标志蛋白podocin及足细胞损伤蛋白α⁃SMA的表达变化。结果(1)与正常健康对照组相比,无蛋白尿组、微量白蛋白尿组和临床蛋白尿组的糖尿病患者血浆中VDR的mRNA和蛋白水平均较低(均P<0.05);与无蛋白尿组的糖尿病患者相比,微量白蛋白尿组和临床蛋白尿组的糖尿病患者血浆中VDR的mRNA和蛋白水平均较低(均P<0.05)。(2)与正常健康对照组相比,无蛋白尿糖尿病组和DKD组患者血浆中VDR的mRNA和蛋白水平均较低(均P<0.05);与无蛋白尿糖尿病组患者相比,DKD组患者血浆中VDR的mRNA和蛋白水平亦较低(均P<0.05)。(3)免疫组化结果显示,DKD组肾组织中VDR的表达明显少于正常对照组。(4)DKD患者血浆中VDR mRNA相对水平与ACR呈负相关(r=-0.342,P<0.05)。(5)各组尿液上清液中VDR的水平与血浆中的水平呈相反趋势。(6)Western印迹结果显示,B组、C组肾小球足细胞β⁃catenin蛋白表达高于D组(均P<0.05),VDR蛋白的表达低于D组(均P<0.05);免疫荧光结果显示,B组、C组肾小球足细胞podocin的表达低于D组(均P<0.05),α⁃SMA的表达高于D组(均P<0.05)。结论VDR高表达缓解DKD足细胞损伤及蛋白尿。     

Anterior Interosseous Nerve Palsy After Shoulder Arthroscopy Treated With Surgical Decompression: A Case Series and Systematic Review of the Literature

Background: Anterior interosseous nerve (AIN) palsy is a very uncommon cause of upper extremity pain and weakness that comprises less than 1% of all upper extremity nerve palsies. Rarely reported but also mentioned in the literature is AIN palsy after shoulder arthroscopy. Methods: A systematic review of the literature to date using PubMed was conducted to identify patients who suffered AIN palsy after shoulder arthroscopy procedures. Articles included met the following criteria: (1) published in English; (2) primary presentation of the data; (3) patients had undergone shoulder arthroscopy before developing symptoms of AIN palsy; and (4) diagnosis was confirmed with clinical symptoms of AIN palsy. Measured outcomes included patient demographics, specific shoulder procedure, anesthesia procedure, intra-operative patient positioning, intra-operative compressive dressing, intra-operative traction, surgical versus conservative treatment, abnormal findings during decompression procedure, proposed mechanism of injury, and follow-up. Results: The search yielded 6 articles, of which 4 (13 cases) met inclusion criteria. An additional 2 cases were included in this report totaling 15 cases. The average patient age was 49 years (range: 31-64) with 73% males. At average follow-up of 24 months, 67% of patients experienced complete resolution of symptoms—more than half of which underwent surgical decompression. Patients who failed to progress experienced weakness of the flexor digitorum profundus and flexor pollicis longus muscles. Conclusions: Proposed injury mechanisms for AIN palsy after shoulder arthroscopy range from mechanical trauma, compressive hematoma, and direct anesthetic neurotoxicity. Management should be directed by clinical symptoms, imaging, and patient factors with majority of patients expected to have excellent clinical outcomes.     

不同尿钙水平的Gitelman综合征患者临床特点比较

目的观察不同尿钙水平Gitelman综合征(GS)患者的临床特点,探讨尿钙在GS疾病临床分型中的价值。方法收集2016—2018年来自中国国家罕见病注册系统(NRSC)、在北京协和医院行SLC12A3基因检测诊断为GS患者的临床资料,分析其尿钙特点,比较不同尿钙水平患者的临床和实验室检查指标。氢氯噻嗪试验按照标准操作流程进行,测定患者基线和用药后3 h内氯离子排泄分数改变量的最大值(ΔFECl)。结果共有83例GS患者被纳入研究,其中低尿钙患者53例(63.86%)。低尿钙组尿钙/肌酐比明显低于非低尿钙组[(0.085±0.058)mmol/mmol比(0.471±0.284)mmol/mmol,t=7.349,P<0.001]。两组患者在年龄、性别、估算肾小球滤过率、血压、血尿电解质水平、代谢性碱中毒方面差异均无统计学意义。低尿钙组患者乏力(χ2=4.595,P=0.032)及多尿(χ2=5.778,P=0.016)发生比例低于非低尿钙组,两组患者在其他临床症状方面差异无统计学意义。低尿钙和非低尿钙组各有16例患者行氢氯噻嗪试验,中位ΔFECl结果分别为0.539%(0.430%,1.283%)和0.829%(0.119%,1.298%),均提示对氢氯噻嗪无反应,组间差异无统计学意义(U=130.000,P=0.956)。结论GS患者中低尿钙比例为63.86%,尿钙水平与疾病临床表型、NCC功能损伤严重程度之间均无明确相关性。     

Role of Conventional and Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Spinal Treatment Protocol for Hydatid Disease

Objective:

To demonstrate the role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in determining the treatment protocol for hydatid disease of the spine.

Design:

Case report; literature review.

Findings:

Diffusion-weighted MRI can help differentiate complicated infected hydatidosis from abscesses, epidermoid cysts from arachnoid cysts, and benign from malignant vertebral compression fractures. It is also helpful in differentiating between abscesses and necrotic tumors.

Conclusion:

Diffusion-weighted MRI can help differentiate between infections requiring immediate surgery and those that can be treated medically with antihelmintic treatment.     

Fibrinogen-thrombin collagen patch reinforcement of highrisk colonic anastomoses in rats

AIM To evaluate the effectiveness of human fibrinogenthrombin collagen patch(TachoSil~?) in the reinforcement of high-risk colon anastomoses.METHODS A quasi-experimental study was conducted in Wistar rats(n = 56) that all underwent high-risk anastomoses(anastomosis with only two sutures) after colectomies. The rats were divided into two randomized groups: Control group(24 rats) and treatment group(24 rats). In the treatment group, high-risk anastomosis was reinforced with TachoSil~? (a piece of Tacho Sil? was applied over this high-risk anastomosis, covering the gap). Leak incidence, overall survival, intra-abdominal adhesions, and histologic healing of anastomoses were analyzed. Survivors were divided into two subgroups and euthanized at 15 and 30 d after intervention in order to analyze the adhesions and histologic changes. RESULTS Overall survival was 71.4% and 57.14% in the TachoSil~? group and control group, respectively(P = 0.29); four rats died from other causes and six rats in the treatment group and 10 in the control group experienced colonic leakage(P 0.05). The intra-abdominal adhesion score was similar in both groups, with no differences between subgroups. We found non-significant differences in the healing process according to the histologic score used in both groups(P = 0.066).CONCLUSION In our study, the use of TachoSil~? was associated with a non-statistically significant reduction in the rate of leakage in high-risk anastomoses. TachoSil~? has been shown to be a safe product because it does not affect the histologic healing process or increase intra-abdominal adhesions.     

Fluorescence in the Sclera,Nails, and Teeth Secondary to Favipiravir Use for COVID-19 Infections

Favipiravir, an antiviral agent originally used for influenza infections, has become popular due to its beneficial signals in coronavirus disease. It is currently used in some countries within COVID-19 treatment protocols. This is an initial report of favipiravir-related fluorescence observed in three healthcare providers working in the same ward in our hospital. All three individuals had been diagnosed with COVID-19 two months earlier and were treated with favipiravir. None of the three individuals received hydroxychloroquine or tetracyclines. Wood’s light examination led to an incidental discovery of favipiravir-induced fluorescence involving the sclera, nails, and teeth. In all patients, white linear, square, and band-like specks of fluorescence were noticed on the sclera of both eyes, some teeth, and the proximal part of all fingernails and toenails. Exposure of the eyes to the Wood’s light was for a brief duration of 3 to 5 seconds during examination and photodocumentation. Favipiravir might cause bright white fluorescence of nails, sclera, and teeth, detectable by Wood’s light even two months after its cessation.     

罗伊适应模式对腹股沟疝无张力疝修补术后恢复情况的影响

目的探讨罗伊适应模式对患者腹股沟疝无张力疝修补术后恢复情况的影响。 方法将2016年1月至2019年5月在秦皇岛市第二医院择期进行无张力修补术治疗的120例腹股沟疝患者，按照随机数字法分为对照组和观察组，每组各60例。对照组采用常规护理治疗，观察组在对照组的基础上采用罗伊适应模式。比较2组患者的术后临床指标、心理状态、围手术期并发症发生情况及满意度。 结果术后观察组患者的首次排气时间、恢复正常饮食时间、离床活动时间和术后住院时间均低于对照组（P<0.05）；术后观察组患者的抑郁自评量表（SDS）和焦虑自评量表（SAS）评分显著低于对照组（P<0.05）；术后2组患者均无切口感染发生，2组患者尿潴留、急性疼痛、认知功能障碍、发热、血肿等发生率相比无统计学差异（P>0.05）；术后观察组患者护理满意度为96.67%，显著高于对照组的83.33%（P<0.05）。 结论在常规护理的基础上，罗伊适应模式用于患者腹股沟疝无张力修补围手术期，能有效改善术后患者的焦虑/抑郁情绪，不增加围手术期并发症，促进术后患者的恢复及提高治疗满意度。     

Safety and tolerability of single intravenous doses of sugammadex administered simultaneously with rocuronium or vecuronium in healthy volunteers

BACKGROUND: Sugammadex rapidly reverses rocuronium- and vecuronium-induced neuromuscular block. To investigate the effect of combination of sugammadex and rocuronium or vecuronium on QT interval, it would be preferable to avoid the interference of anaesthesia. Therefore, this pilot study was performed to investigate the safety, tolerability, and plasma pharmacokinetics of single i.v. doses of sugammadex administered simultaneously with rocuronium or vecuronium to anaesthetized and non-anaesthetized healthy volunteers. METHODS: In this phase I study, 12 subjects were anaesthetized with propofol/remifentanil and received sugammadex 16, 20, or 32 mg kg(-1) combined with rocuronium 1.2 mg kg(-1) or vecuronium 0.1 mg kg(-1); four subjects were not anaesthetized and received sugammadex 32 mg kg(-1) with rocuronium 1.2 mg kg(-1) or vecuronium 0.1 mg kg(-1) (n=2 per treatment). Neuromuscular function was assessed by TOF-Watch SX monitoring in anaesthetized subjects and by clinical tests in non-anaesthetized volunteers. Sugammadex, rocuronium, and vecuronium plasma concentrations were measured at several time points. RESULTS: No serious adverse events (AEs) were reported. Fourteen subjects reported 23 AEs after study drug administration. Episodes of mild headache, tiredness, cold feeling (application site), dry mouth, oral discomfort, nausea, increased aspartate aminotransferase and gamma-glutamyltransferase levels, and moderate injection site irritation were considered as possibly related to the study drug. The ECG and vital signs showed no clinically relevant changes. Rocuronium/vecuronium plasma concentrations declined faster than those of sugammadex. CONCLUSIONS: Single-dose administration of sugammadex 16, 20, or 32 mg kg(-1) in combination with rocuronium 1.2 mg kg(-1) or vecuronium 0.1 mg kg(-1) was well tolerated with no clinical evidence of residual neuromuscular block, confirming that these combinations can safely be administered simultaneously to non-anaesthetized subjects. Rocuronium and vecuronium plasma concentrations decreased faster than those of sugammadex, reducing the theoretical risk of neuromuscular block developing over time.     

血浆凝血因子VIII水平与IgA肾病患者临床病理改变及预后的关系

目的探讨血浆凝血因子VIII(factor VIII,FVIII)水平与IgA肾病(IgAN)患者临床参数及预后的关系。方法收集2016年1月至2016年12月中南大学湘雅二医院确诊的IgAN患者的临床资料。按照时间依赖的受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)得出的血浆FVIII预测IgAN预后的临界值,将患者分为高FVIII组(FVIII>140.50%)和低FVIII组(FVIII≤140.50%),比较两组患者肾活检时基线临床参数的差异。以估算肾小球滤过率(eGFR)下降≥30%或进入终末期肾脏病(ESRD)为终点事件,采用Kaplan-Meier生存曲线及Cox回归方程法分析血浆FVIII水平对IgAN患者预后的影响。结果共93例IgAN患者纳入本研究,中位随访时间为35.15(33.77,36.76)个月,12例(12.90%)患者发生终点事件。高FVIII组患者年龄、血肌酐、尿素氮、血三酰甘油、血总胆固醇、血浆纤维蛋白原、D-二聚体、24 h尿蛋白量、蛋白C、蛋白S和eGFR下降速率高于低FVIII组(均P<0.05);eGFR、血白蛋白、中位随访时间低于低FVIII组(均P<0.05)。Kaplan-Meier生存分析结果显示,与低FVIII组比较,高FVIII组患者肾脏累积生存率降低(χ2=5.635,P=0.018)。在校正收缩压、eGFR、尿蛋白、肾小管萎缩/间质纤维化程度等因素后,多因素Cox回归分析结果显示,高血浆FVIII水平是IgAN患者肾脏预后不良的独立危险因素(HR=4.147,95%CI 1.055~16.308,P=0.042)。结论血浆FVIII水平与IgAN患者临床指标及预后相关,高血浆FVIII水平是IgAN患者肾脏预后不良的独立危险因素。     

Factors Associated With Reoperation After Silicone Proximal Interphalangeal Joint Arthroplasty

Background: Silicone proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint arthroplasty has a high revision rate. It has been suggested that persistent ulnar deviation and joint instability influence the durability of PIP silicone arthroplasties. The goal of this study was to evaluate what factors are associated with reoperation after silicone PIP arthroplasty. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated all adult patients who underwent PIP silicone arthroplasty between 2002 and 2016 at one institutional system for inflammatory-, posttraumatic-, and primary degenerative arthritis. After manual chart review, we included 91 patients who underwent 114 arthroplasties. Fingers operated included 14 index, 41 middle, 38 ring, and 21 small fingers. Results: The overall reoperation rate was 14% (n = 16). Non-Caucasian race (P = .040), smoking (P = .022) and PIP silicone arthroplasty for post-traumatic osteoarthritis (P = .021) were associated with reoperation. The 1-, 5- and 10-year implant survival rates were 87%, 85%, and 85%, respectively. Conclusion: Caution should be exercised when considering PIP silicone arthroplasty of the index finger or in patients with post-traumatic osteoarthritis. It may be worthwhile addressing smoking behavior before pursuing silicone PIP arthroplasty.