漏芦蜕皮甾酮对培养的动脉平滑肌细胞脂质过氧化的影响

利用Cu~(2+)与抗坏血酸作用体系产生·OH自由基,造成培养的主动脉平滑肌细胞(SMC)脂质过氧化损伤,观察漏芦蜕皮甾酮(RUE)对受损细胞的影响,以验证RUE的抗脂质过氧化作用,并进一步探讨其作用机理。材料和方法用贴块法常规培养人主动脉SMC,实验用第6～10代细胞。分为正常组、损伤组、损伤+RUE组和阳性对照组,后2组在实验前分别加入RUE(本院龚树生教授赠送,50μg·ml~(-1))和VE(200     

高脂血清对易感和不易感动脉粥样硬化动物的动脉平滑肌细胞生长的影响

体外培养家兔和树鼩为主动咏平滑肌细胞,分别观察各自的高脂血清对平滑肌细胞生长的影构,以~3H-胸腺嘧啶核苷(~3H—TdR)掺入细胞DNA,用液体闪烁计数器计数。结果表明:兔高脂血清对兔平滑肌细胞生长有显著的增殖作用,而树鼩高脂血清对树鼩平滑肌细胞的生长未见显著的促进增生作用。     

脂联素在肺动脉高压发病中的作用机制研究进展

人脂联素(APN)是一种含有244个氨基酸的糖蛋白,主要由脂肪细胞分泌。现已发现APN至少有4种受体:脂联素受体1、脂联素受体2、T-钙黏蛋白和钙网蛋白/CD91共受体。APN与受体结合可发挥多种生理功能,影响糖类和脂肪代谢,具有抗炎和抗平滑肌增殖等作用。肺动脉高压(PAH)是一种慢性进行性心血管疾病,以大量的肺组织中小动脉压力增高为特征,发病率和死亡率均较高。炎症在PAH病程中发挥着重要的作用,可能参与疾病的病理损伤。近年来的研究发现,APN和PAH的发病关系密切,APN可能通过多方面机制减缓PAH的病程进展。本文重点围绕APN通过抗炎和抗血管平滑肌增殖的作用来减缓PAH发展的机制新进展做一综述。     

辛伐他汀抑制血管平滑肌细胞增殖的可能表遗传新机制

目的：探讨降脂药辛伐他汀对血管平滑肌细胞多梳基因Bmi-1的表达及其对细胞增殖、凋亡和细胞周期的影响,以了解辛伐他汀除调脂作用外的抗动脉粥样硬化的可能袁遗传新机制。方法：逆转录聚合酶链反应检测不同浓度的辛伐他汀作用于第四代血管平滑肌细胞12、24、36h后Bmi—1mRNA的表达。倒置显微镜下观察对照组及各组药物作用后细胞数量和形态的变化。四甲基偶氮唑盐法分析各组药物作用后细胞增殖活力的改变。流式细胞术检测细胞周期和细胞凋亡。结果：经5～40μol·L^-1辛伐他汀作用于第四代平滑肌细胞12、24和36h后,Bmi-1 mRNA的表达量随药物浓度的增加和时间的延长而呈下降趋势。各浓度辛伐他汀干预组细胞随药物作用时间及浓度的增大均出现了生长抑制。经辛伐他汀处理后各组出现细胞周期G0／G1期阻滞及细胞凋亡,且随药物浓度的升高而增大。结论：辛伐他汀对血管平滑肌细胞表遗传调控基因Bmi-1的抑制,可能是其抗动脉粥样硬化的又一新机制。     

消斑肽加速氧化低密度脂蛋白诱导的血管平滑肌细胞凋亡

目的：我们已经发现消斑肽能逆转平滑肌源性的泡沫细胞,阻抑C57BL/6J小鼠动脉粥样硬化斑块的形成,对已形成的斑块有消退作用。本文主要探讨消斑肽的作用机制。方法：体外培养的猪主动脉平滑肌细胞,先与15 mg/L的氧化低密度脂蛋白孵育72 h,再与0.1 mg/L消斑肽孵育24 h,应用荧光染色技术、激光共聚焦显微技术和流式细胞术,观察消斑肽对平滑肌细胞的作用。结果：氧化低密度脂蛋白能诱导血管平滑肌细胞发生凋亡;消斑肽能加速氧化低密度脂蛋白诱导的细胞凋亡。结论：综合以前的实验,消斑肽可能是通过加速斑块中细胞的凋亡发挥抗动脉粥样硬化效果。     

血小板源生长因子与肝素对动脉平滑肌细胞表型转变的调节作用与胶原蛋白合成的关系

目的：研究、探讨血小板源生长因子和肝素对培养的人主动脉平滑肌细胞表型转变调节作用,及其对平滑肌细胞胶原蛋白合成的影响。方法：~３Ｈ－脯氨酸掺入,电镜观察。~３Ｈ－脯氨酸掺入的比较采用ｔ检验。结果：血小板源生长因子能促进培养的动脉平滑肌细胞向合成表型转变,促进平滑肌细胞胶原蛋白的合成与分泌。肝素能拮抗血小板源生长因子促进平滑肌细胞向合成表型的转变,抑制平滑肌细胞胶原蛋白的合成。结论：血小板源生长因子能通过促进动脉平滑肌细胞向合成表型转变促进了平滑肌细胞胶原蛋白的合成;肝素能通过桔抗血小板源生长因子的作用抑制平滑肌细胞胶原蛋白合成。     

川芎嗪对动脉平滑肌细胞形成粥样硬化的影响

目的 :探讨川芎嗪对动脉平滑肌细胞形成粥样硬化的防治机制。方法 :以高脂高胆固醇 (Ｃｈｏ)膳食制备大白兔高脂高Ｃｈｏ血清。贴块培养法进行ＶＳＭＣｓ原代培养及传代。原代培养到第 9～ 12天 ,组织块周围的细胞生长融合成片并铺满瓶底时 ,进行ＶＳＭＣｓ传代培养。实验选用第 3代传代培养的ＶＳＭＣｓ。实验分为正常组用含双抗和胎牛血清的ＲＰＭＩ16 40培养液培养 ,高脂组用含双抗和高脂血清的ＲＰ ＭＩ16 40培养液培养 ,秋水仙碱组用含双抗和高脂血清的ＲＰＭＩ16 40培养液加入秋水仙碱培养 ,川芎嗪低、中、高剂量组用含双抗和高脂血清…     

PACAP保护血管SMC抗LDL损伤的形态学研究

的 :阐明垂体腺苷酸环化酶激活肽 (PACAP)是否对血管平滑肌细胞 (SMC)具有抗损伤保护作用。方法 :以培养的猪肺动脉 SMC为实验对象 ,提取正常人血浆低密度脂蛋白 (L DL )造成细胞的高脂培养环境 ,光镜及电镜下观察 SMC在正常及高脂环境中受 PACAP作用所产生的形态改变。生化方法测定条件培养基中丙二醛 (MDA)的含量。结果 :1L DL 使 SMC的贴壁能力降低 ,细胞外形亦发生极大改变 ;电镜下可见 ,SMC由正常的收缩型变为合成型 ,且细胞膜破坏 ;2 L DL 使 SMC的 MDA产生显著增高 ;3 PACAP可明显减轻 L DL的上述损伤作用。结论 :PACAP可对抗 L DL对 SMC形态和功能的损伤 ,具有 SMC细胞保护作用     

凋亡诱导配体TRAIL与细胞膜脂筏形成的关系

目的: 探讨肿瘤坏死因子相关凋亡诱导配体(TRAIL)与细胞膜微结构域脂筏的关系。方法: 采用间接免疫荧光流式细胞术, 分析K562细胞表面TRAIL分子的表达。用FITC标记的霍乱毒素B亚单位 (CTx)对K562细胞的脂筏进行染色; 用抗FITC单克隆抗体(mAb)交联脂筏后, 以兔抗TRAIL分子抗体及Cy3标记的羊抗兔抗体进行间接免疫荧光染色, 激光共聚焦显微镜分析TRAIL分子与脂筏微结构域的关系。结果: FITC -CTx和抗FITCmAb可使脂筏发生交联。脂筏交联的同时TRAIL分子发生聚集。动态观察表明, 抗FITC抗体作用 20min后, 脂筏发生交联, 作用 30min时交联最明显; 随着脂筏的交联, TRAIL分子发生聚集。抗FITC抗体作用 40min后, 脂筏交联程度减弱, 且TRAIL分子逐渐被排除于脂筏之外。结论: 抗FITC抗体可用于CTx-FITC脂筏染色后脂筏交联的研究。TRAIL分子可能与细胞膜脂筏微结构域有关。     

微波照射对兔精囊腺超微结构影响的研究

本研究用微波(2450MHz)照射兔阴囊区,使阴囊皮肤温度升至41～42℃,维持20分钟。用透射电镜观察照射后1小时至45天之间不同时间精囊腺粘膜层和肌层的超微结构改变。结果表明,主细胞和平滑肌细胞对微波照射敏感。照射后1小时,已见少数主细胞和平滑肌细胞呈现超微结构改变。3～7天后退变明显加重,至45天时呈减轻趋势。主细胞改变主要表现为粗面内质网池和高尔基复合体囊泡的扩大,胞质内出现许多髓样结构与脂滴、微绒毛肿胀及核的退变。平滑肌细胞的改变则表现为胞质内出现多个大空泡及髓样结构等。部分基细胞也呈现退变。固有膜增厚,向上皮不规则内凸。本文联系微波的抗生育作用,讨论其对精囊腺影响的意义。     

Schizophrenia in a North Swedish geographical isolate, 1900–1977. Epidemiology, genetics and biochemistry

Over 200 schizophrenic patients belonging to three major and interrelated pedigree complexes have been investigated over the past 30 years in a North Swedish geographically isolated population, presently numbering about 6,000. An intensive investigation of a number of biochemical correlates and genetic markers in a few selected families belonging to one of the major pedigrees has indicated new strategies for the current research program.
Schizophrenia, as defined operationally, is significantly associated with decreased activities of two enzymes (1) blood platelet monoamine oxidase, (2) plasma dopamine-β-hydroxylase, and (3) with the genetic marker Gc² (group specific antigen). Both enzymes are subject to genetic variation. A positive score for linkage between schizophrenia and low plasma DBH activity has been calculated, but, so far, available data are insufficient for discrimination between linkage and partial contribution of genetically controlled low plasma DBH to the pathogenesis of the disease. Alternatively, both mechanisms could be involved.
As a model for continued research, schizophrenia is explained as based on a double dominant-recessive genotype (Aabb), representing a vulnerability which in about 50 % of cases develops into clinical schizophrenia. It is suggested that the dominant mutation (A) operates on or affects MAO activity, and that the recessive genotype (bb) is instrumental in low variates of DBH activity and very likely such variates within the normal range of physiological variation. Moreover, it is suggested that the combined effects of MAO- and DBH-reduced efficiency on the metabolism of e.g. dopamine could be an essential pathogenic mechanism for the schizophrenic illness which is segregating in this population.     

HLA in North Colombia Chimila Amerindians

HLA-A,-B,-C,-DRB1 and -DQB1 alleles have been studied in Chimila Amerindians from Sabana de San Angel (North Colombian Coast) by using high resolution molecular typing. A frequent extended haplotype was found:HLA-A*24:02-B*51:10-C*15:02-BRB1*04:07-DQB1*03:02 (28.7%) which has also been described in Amerinndian Mayos Mexican population (Mexico, California Gulf, Pacific Ocean). Other haplotypes had already been found in Amerindians from Mexico (Pacific and Atlantic Coast), Peru (highlands and Amazon Basin), Bolivia and North USA. A geographic pattern according to HLA allele or haplotype frequencies is lacking in Amerindians, as already known. Also, five new extended haplotypes were found in Chimila Amerindians. Their HLA-A*24:02 high frequencies characteristic is shared with aboriginal populations of Taiwan; also, HLA-C*01:02 high frequencies are found in New Zealand Maoris, New Caledonians and Kimberly Aborigines from Australia. Finally, this study may show a model of evolutionary factors acting and rising one HLA allele frequency (-A*24:02), but not in others that belong to the same or different HLA loci.     

The universal muscular chamber. A basic unit of the genitourinary, cardiovascular, gastro-intestinal, skeletal, cutaneous, respiratory and other systems, endocameral hypertension; and spasm, the key to their idiopathic diseases and arthropathies

Starting with the integument, we see many organs are contractile sacs or multiples thereof, which tubes or bags constitute the major part of the entire body. Recognition of this basic unit and its characteristics sheds new light, individually and collectively, on many disorders previously considered unrelated. Muscular tears and perforations develop in the walls of these chambers, being no way peculiar to those organs, wherein, hydrochloric acid occurs. So, it is not necessary to explain the absence of excessive acid from patients who exhibit holes in the gastric, uterine, aortic, duodenal, rectal, pulmonary, retina, and other walls. Muscle, not acid is the great common factor relating idiopathic disorders in the gastrointestinal tract to each other and to similar diseases in other systems. When the units are linked together, the lesions tend to appear as arthropathies, i.e. at the joints. Rephrasing common-place observations, frees us from conventional, conceptual cul-de-sacs. An observation is only as good as its interpretation, so all possibilities must be considered, otherwise, we will remain blinded by our misconceptions.     

Der Einfluß von Nahrungsmitteln und Rauchen auf die klinisch-chemische Diagnostik von Phäochromozytom,Neuroblastom und Karzinoid-Syndrom

Zusammenfassung Der Einfluß von verschiedenen Nahrungsmitteln auf Methoden zur Bestimmung von Adrenalin (AD), Noradrenalin (NA), Vanillinmandelsäure (VMS), Metanephrinen (MN), Homovanillinsäure (HVS) und 5-Hydroxyindolessigsäure (5-HIE) im 24 h-Harn zur Diagnose des Phäochromozytoms bzw. Karzinoid-Syndroms wurde untersucht. Die in die Untersuchung einbezogenen Nahrungsmittel waren: Tee, Kaffee, Mandeln, Ananas, Käse, Walnüsse, Vanillepudding, Bananen, Tomaten und Milchschokolade. Außerdem wurde der Einfluß des Zigarettenrauchens auf die Bestimmung von AD, NA, VMS und MN untersucht.Walnüsse führten zu einer starken Erhöhung der 5-HIE-Ausscheidung. Bananen erhöhten die Ausscheidung von AD, NA, VMS, MN und 5-HIE. Kaffee und Ananas bewirkten eine geringe Zunahme der MN-Werte. Rauchen von 20–30 Zigaretten/Tag beeinflußte keine der vier Variablen.Wenn die beschriebenen Methoden benutzt werden, sollte lediglich auf den Verzehr von Bananen und Walnüssen vor und während der Harnsammelperioden verzichtet werden, da die oberen Normgrenzen im Harn überschritten werden könnten. Ein Verzicht auf Kaffee und Ananas in normalen Mengen ist nicht erforderlich. Es besteht kein Anlaß, weiterhin die bisherigen umfangreichen Restriktionen der übrigen Nahrungsmittel beizubehalten.     

A comparative study of the effects of dimebon,obsidan, finoptin,and cordaron on the functional state of ischemic focus and size of necrotic zone in experimental myocardial infarction

Dimebon, an antihistamine agent, exerts a moderate antianginal effect, improving the function of ischemic focus in the myocardium and decreasing the necrotic zone in experimental myocardial infarction. Dimebon is less active than obsidan, finoptin (except for the size of the necrotic zone), and cordaron. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 122, No. 12, pp. 642–644, December, 1996     

Effects of sex steroid hormones on lipid peroxidation and glutathione antioxidant system in rat skin

Effects of estradiol and testosterone on the intensity of lipid peroxidation and contents of glutathione redox system components in the dermis and epidermis of rat skin were studied. Only estradiol induced considerable dose-dependent and tissue-specific biphasic antioxidant effects on the skin. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 128, No. 12, pp. 663–666, December, 1999     

Adhesion and growth of CaCo2 cells on surface-modified PEEK substrata

A series of surface-functionalized poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK) films has been prepared by selective wet-chemistry; they are hydroxylated polymer (PEEK-OH) obtained by reduction, aminated polymer (PEEK-[]-NH2) prepared by coupling a diisocyanate reagent to PEEKOH (PEEK-[]-NCO) followed by hydrolysis, and carboxylated and aminocarboxylated polymers (PEEK-[]-GABA and PEEK-Lysine) resulting from the coupling of aminoacids to PEEK-[]-NCO. The aminated and carboxylated substrata promoted the adhesion and growth of CaCo2 cells in the presence of serum. Fibronectin (FN), an extra-cellular matrix protein, has been covalently fixed and/or adsorbed on various PEEK substrata, in the presence or not of a polymeric surfactant (Pluronic F68). The performances of the FN-grafted substrata (PEEK-[]-FN(1) and PEEK-[]-FN(2)) were significantly higher than those of reference substrata simply coated with FN (PEEK-OH(+FN)(1) and (2), PEEK-[]-NH2(+FN)(1) and (2)), considering the adhesion and spreading of CaCo2 cells in the absence of serum. Moreover, the stability of the adherent cells on the FN-adsorbed substrata dramatically depended on the experimental conditions applied during the PEEK coating with FN.     

THE ODYSSEY – A JUNGIAN PERSPECTIVE: INDIVIDUATION AND MEETING WITH THE ARCHETYPES OF THE COLLECTIVE UNCONSCIOUS

Homer's epic tale of the 20-year return of Odysseus from the Trojan War is investigated with particular reference to Jung's theory of individuation. Odysseus' meetings with 'the anima' in the form of goddesses, sirens and female monsters and his visit to Hades demonstrate the confrontation and humanization of aspects of the archetypal level of the psyche, central to Jung's theories of psychic growth and development. Jung's important ideas of the psychoid level and the transcendent function are explored and linked both to his investigations into medieval alchemy and with findings from contemporary neuroscience. The importance of Jung's constructive method of the interpretation of dreams and myths is shown to be central.