骨纤维异常增殖症的CT表现

目的探讨骨纤维异常增殖症的CT表现并与X线所见进行比较。方法8例骨纤维异常增殖症患,其中,6例在颅面骨,2例在四肢骨,临床出现畸形,疼痛及跛行等后接受了CT扫描。CT表现与X线所见作了比较。3例患又经手术病理证实。结果CT显示骨纤维异常增殖症的病灶呈玻璃样改变见于7例,呈膨胀性改变见于8例,呈囊性改变见于4例,呈虫蚀样破坏性改变见于2例,呈硬化性改变见于4例,骨皮质变薄见于6例,增厚见于2例,颧骨受侵见于l例,上颌窦变形、变小见于2例。与X线比较,CT在显示很小和重叠较多的病灶方面明显优于X线。结论CT显示颅面骨中骨纤维异常增殖症病灶的形态与结构改变远比X线影像清晰。     

骨纤维异常增殖症的影像诊断

目的:探讨骨纤维异常增殖症的影像诊断方法及其价值。方法:搜集经手术病理证实的骨纤维异常增殖症34例,所有病例均行X线检查,其中加行CT 10例,MRI 2例,加行Gd-DTPA增强扫描1例。结果:单骨型27例,其中单骨单灶26例,单骨双灶1例;多骨型7例,其中单肢型2例,1例累及单侧5根肋骨和3节胸椎。X线平片和CT上表现为囊状改变22例,磨玻璃样改变8例,丝瓜络样改变3例,虫蚀样改变1例,合并病理骨折3例。结论:大多数骨纤维异常增殖症具有典型影像学表现,其检查方法仍以X线平片为主,观察复杂部位及病灶内改变以CT为优。低髓腔硬化征对诊断该病具有一定意义。     

骨纤维异常增殖症的CT诊断

骨纤维异常增殖症又称骨纤维结构不良,是骨的纤维组织发育紊乱,异常增生所致。总结我院自1991年~2003年CT扫描所见并经手术病理证实骨纤维异常增殖症病例35例,现分析如下。1材料与方法本组35例,男21例,女14例。年龄9~66岁,平均年龄24岁。其中30岁以下者29例,临床症状:局部隆起伴硬性肿物者15例,局部疼痛7例,压痛2例,运动障碍3例,8例查体时偶然发现。2结果CT表现:四肢躯干病变28例,累及骨41个病灶。其中中心型29个病灶,病变位于干骺端或骨干中央。皮质型12个病灶,病变位于骨皮质内。CT表现主要为囊型和硬化型,35个病灶骨呈囊型,表现为囊状…     

骨纤维异常增殖症的影像诊断分析及应用价值

目的分析骨纤维异常增殖症影像诊断方法及应用价值。方法分析经手术病理证实的28例骨纤维异常增殖症影像资料,所有病例均行X线检查,14例行CT检查,7例行MRI检查,1例行Gd—DTPA增强扫描。结果28例骨纤维异常增殖患者中,单骨型24例,多骨型4例;20例发生囊状改变,5例发生磨玻璃样改变,2例发生丝瓜样改变,1例发生虫蚀样改变。结论骨纤维异常增殖症大多有典型的影像学表现,联合X线、CT、MRI、ECT影像表现可提高诊断准确率。     

骨纤维异常增殖症MRI与CT表现

目的:分析骨纤维异常增殖症的MRI与CT特点,探讨其特点与病理之间的关系.材料和方法:分析7例由手术病理证实的骨纤维异常增殖症的MRI与CT特点.结果:由于在病理上组织成份的不同, T2WI呈不同信号特点,增强扫描亦呈现不同的特点.在T2WI所呈现的信号特点依赖于骨小梁、细胞成份及胶原纤维的多少.CT表现主要为磨玻璃样改变、囊状低密度影和斑块样硬化,无明显骨膜反应存在.结论:骨纤维异常增殖症的MRI与CT特点与病理结果有直接的关系.     

骨纤维异常增殖症

骨纤维异常增殖症又称骨纤维结构不良,简称骨纤,是一种以骨纤维异常增殖变性为特征的骨病.笔者就我院经病理证实的32例骨纤的X线平片及CT检查进行分析,并与病理表现相对照,总结分析如下.     

颅面骨纤维异常增殖症的影像病理学表现

目的 探讨颅面骨纤维异常增殖症的影像表现和病理特点.方法 回顾性分析42例经手术病理证实的颅面骨纤维异常增殖症,对其影像学表现和病理特点进行对比分析.结果 42例中单发型35例,多骨型7例.磨砂玻璃状改变是骨纤维异常增殖症特征性CT表现,占CT检查患者的79.3%,纤维异常增殖症的病理成分纤维和纤维样组织,在磁共振的T_1WI和T_2WI上均表现为低信号;如病灶发生出血、坏死或囊变,T_2WI信号也随之发生改变.结论 CT和MRI扫描对颅面骨纤维异常增殖症的诊断具有重要意义.     

本期读片窗答案

手术及病理 :肿瘤位于第 7后肋骨 ,向胸腔一侧膨胀性生长 ,与周围组织无粘连 ,肿瘤切面呈灰黄色胶样物 ,居中。病理 :右第 7后肋嗜酸性肉芽肿。讨论 :肋骨嗜酸性肉芽肿较少见。本病自髓腔内向外生长 ,可压迫破坏相邻皮质 ,但以髓腔破坏为主 ,膨胀不明显 ,边缘多无硬化。好发于颅骨及骨盆 ,以儿童及青年居多。本病主要与骨纤维异常增殖症、骨巨细胞瘤相鉴别。骨纤维异常增殖症好发于长骨 ,表现为局部皮质囊性透光区 ,边缘硬化常见 ,内密度不均。骨巨细胞瘤典型表现为局部骨端皂泡样膨胀性改变 ,发生于肋骨者少见 ,临床常有渐进性疼痛 ,易与之…     

骨纤维异常增殖症8例影像学分析

骨纤维异常增殖症（Fibrous dysplasia of bone, FD）,又称骨纤维结构不良，是由于正常骨组织被异常增生的纤维组织所替代，1942年Jaffe首次报道。收集我院2009年7月～2013年3月经病理证实的四肢及肋骨骨纤维异常增殖症8例，结合有关文献资料对该病X线、CT及MR影像学特征进行分析讨论。     

颌骨囊状膨胀性病变的CT鉴别诊断

目的分析颌骨囊状膨胀性病变的CT表现。方法回顾分析22例23个经病理证实的颌骨囊状膨胀性病变的CT表现,观察病变的形态和结构特征。结果牙源性囊肿11例(其中包括根尖囊肿3例,含牙囊肿4例及角化囊肿4例5个病灶),造釉细胞瘤6例,牙源性腺样瘤1例,骨化性纤维瘤2例,骨纤维异常增殖症2例。牙源性囊肿主要表现为单房型,边缘清楚伴硬化,多含有牙齿;造釉细胞瘤表现为多房型或单房分叶状,膨胀性生长伴邻近骨壁破坏;骨化性纤维瘤、骨纤维异常增殖症以实性病灶为主,其中骨化纤维瘤伴钙化。结论CT平扫对颌骨囊状膨胀性病变术前正确诊断具有重要价值。     

Primary musculoskeletal tumors of fibrous origin

Tumors of fibrous origin include fibrous dysplasia (FD), fibroxanthoma (nonossifying fibroma), cortical desmoid, desmoplastic fibroma, fibrosarcoma, and malignant fibrous histiocytosis (MFH). Benign fibrous lesions (FD, fibroxanthoma, and cortical desmoid) frequently demonstrate pathognomonic radiologic characteristics obviating the need for biopsy. Indeed, biopsy of these lesions can occasionally lead to confusion with more aggressive lesions. Desmoplastic fibroma and the malignant fibrous lesions (fibrosarcoma and MFH) often reveal nonspecific imaging features of a solitary nonmineralized lesion with aggressive characteristics. However, imaging is important as with other neoplasms in delineating the extent of involvement for staging purposes. This article reviews the spectrum of clinical characteristics, pathology, imaging appearances, treatment, and prognosis of lesions of fibrous origin in bone.     

骨良性纤维病变的影像与病理学分析

目的 提高对骨内良性纤维性病变的影像诊断和鉴别诊断能力. 资料与方法 对96例纤维性骨皮质缺损(FCD)、非骨化性纤维瘤(NOF)、骨化性纤维瘤(OF)和骨纤维异常增殖症(FD)患者的临床、影像学和病理学资料进行比较分析. 结果 FCD和NOF均好发于膝周骨,病理均为无成骨的纤维组织,X线和CT上表现为局限于皮质内和皮质内偏心性膨胀累及髓腔的均匀软组织密度影,MRI上主要为等T1、等T2异常信号.OF和FD病理表现交叉重叠,但OF中成骨细胞镶边现象明显多于FD.OF常见于颅面骨髓腔和胫骨前侧皮质下,表现为单骨内边界清楚的膨胀性不均匀钙质样密度.FD表现为单骨局灶性、弥漫性或多骨囊状膨胀性磨玻璃样改变,MRI上主要为等T1信号,等高混杂T2信号,局灶性FD边缘清楚伴有硬化边,弥漫性FD边界不清. 结论 FCD和NOF因具有相同的好发部位和组织学表现而可将影像学上病变局限于骨皮质者视为FCD,膨胀侵及髓腔者视为NOF.OF和FD的影像学鉴别点在于病变部位、边界和累及范围.     

PET/CT characterization of fibroosseous defects in children: 18F-FDG uptake can mimic metastatic disease

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to characterize the anatomic appearance and metabolic activity of nonossifying fibromas, fibrous cortical defects, and cortical desmoids on PET/CT images. CONCLUSION: Over a 14-month period, we identified eight nonossifying fibromas, four fibrous cortical defects, and two cortical desmoids in 330 children who underwent PET/CT for the evaluation of a known or suspected malignancy. CT, conventional radiography, MRI, or clinical follow-up was used to confirm the diagnoses of these fibroosseous lesions. Eleven of the 14 children underwent multiple PET/CT examinations; thus, 34 studies were included. The lesions showed variable metabolic activity as indicated by 18F-FDG uptake: 19 PET/CT examinations showed lesions with mild 18F-FDG uptake, eight showed moderate 18F-FDG uptake, and seven showed intense uptake. When PET reveals metabolically active osseous abnormalities in children who are at risk for bone metastases, benign fibroosseous lesions should be considered in the differential diagnosis before additional diagnostic procedures are undertaken. Benign fibroosseous lesions may be metabolically active and thus mimic metastatic osseous disease in children with underlying malignancies. Correlative CT or other anatomic imaging can confirm the benign nature of these lesions.     

髂骨原发囊样骨肿瘤及瘤样病变的影像学诊断

目的:分析髂骨囊样骨肿瘤及肿瘤样病变的影像学表现。方法:回顾性分析经穿刺或/和手术病理证实的46例髂骨囊样骨肿瘤及肿瘤样病变影像学表现。46例全部行X线片检查,38例行CT检查,20例行MRI检查(增强16例)。结果:46例中骨肿瘤29例,其中良性肿瘤12例(骨巨细胞瘤4例,内生软骨瘤、软骨母细胞瘤各2例,血管瘤、骨母细胞瘤、骨样骨瘤、软骨黏液样纤维瘤各1例),恶性肿瘤17例(恶性巨细胞瘤、骨恶性纤维组织细胞瘤各1例,软骨肉瘤、淋巴瘤各4例,骨肉瘤7例),肿瘤样病变17例(单纯性骨囊肿1例,邻关节骨囊肿、动脉瘤样骨囊肿、嗜酸性肉芽肿各2例,骨纤维异常增生症10例)。发病部位为髂翼39例,髋臼7例。病变主要表现为髂骨囊样骨质破坏,呈膨胀性改变30例,硬化环形成24例,病变内见钙化灶14例,软组织肿块20例。结论:常见的髂骨囊样骨肿瘤和肿瘤样病变一般都具有某些特征性的CT表现,必要时综合X线、MRI表现,可提高定性诊断符合率。     

Computed tomography of Paget disease of the skull versus fibrous dysplasia

Objective. Radiologists are often challenged to review CT examinations of the skull without pertinent clinical information or plain radiographs. Skull lesions of fibrous dysplasia (FD) may often be confused with Paget disease (PD). The purpose of this article is to evaluate radiographic similarities and to find the signs that can differentiate PD from FD of the skull on head CT and to describe the CT imaging features of PD and FD. Design and patients. CT scans of the skull in eight cases of PD, 18 cases of FD (13 cases of skull and facial bones, five cases of only facial bones) and 10 normals were studied retrospectively. Results. Ten features were found to be similar in PD and FD and 10 other features were found to be dissimilar. The frequency of the 10 differentiating features was evaluated to determine their reliability in distinguishing one disorder from the other. The differentiating features in order of significance include: (1) “groundglass” appearance, (2) symmetry, (3) involvement of the paranasal sinuses, (4) thickness of the cranial cortices, (5) involvement of the sphenoid bone, (6) orbital involvement, (7) nasal cavity involvement, (8) presence of a soft tissue mass, (9) maxillary involvement, and (10) the presence of cyst-like changes. Conclusion. These 10 signs improve the radiologist’s skill in differentiating FD and PD.     

转移性骨肿瘤漏误诊原因的影像学分析

目的 分析转移性骨肿瘤漏、误诊的原因,提高对该病影像诊断水平。材料与方法 回顾分析资料完整的转移性骨肿瘤１０５例,其原发肿瘤主要为肺癌、前列腺癌、消化道癌及乳等。所有病例均摄Ｘ线平片,其中ＣＴ检查３１例,ＭＲ检查２１例,ＥＣＴ检查３４例。结果 骨转移瘤以多发、溶骨型为主。初次影像检查漏、误诊分别为：Ｘ线平片３５例,ＣＴ５例,ＭＲ及ＥＣＴ各１例。结论 影像检查首选ＥＣＴ和Ｘ线平片,有条件时最好作ＣＴ     

Maxillofacial fibrous dysplasia: personal experience with gadoliniumenhanced magnetic resonance imaging

PURPOSE: The authors sought to identify radiological criteria assisting in the diagnosis of craniofacial fibrous dysplasia and differential diagnosis of fibro-osseous lesions by comparing computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings and histological results in 23 patients with presumed fibrous dysplasia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From February 2000 to March 2005, 23 patients (17 women and six men, aged 9-66 years) with facial bone disease underwent CT and MRI studies. Imaging findings were compared with the results of histological examination performed within 1 month of the radiological diagnosis. RESULTS: The combination of CT and MRI led to a presumptive diagnosis of fibrous dysplasia in all cases, but histology confirmed the diagnosis in 18 cases only. In two cases that had initially been considered cyst-like variants of fibrous dysplasia and were associated with irregular enhancement at MRI, histology characterised the lesions as single locations of multiple myeloma. In one case, targeted biopsy of areas showing intense enhancement led to a diagnosis of low-grade fibrosarcoma; in the remaining two cases, the definitive diagnoses were ossifying fibroma and myeloproliferative disease. CONCLUSIONS: MRI proved useful in differentiating fibrous dysplasia from other bone diseases, defining clinical behaviour, identifying neoplastic foci within dysplastic tissue and distinguishing benign from malignant bone lesions. The authors suggest a broader use of contrast-enhanced MRI for the diagnosis and follow-up of dysplastic lesions of the facial bones and for planning appropriate surgical treatment.     

原发性骨恶性纤维组织细胞瘤的CT和MRI诊断

目的:探讨原发性骨恶性纤维组织细胞瘤(BMFH)的CT和MRI表现,以提高影像诊断水平。方法:收集经手术病理证实的原发性BMFH 13例,9例行CT检查,其中行增强扫描3例;6例行MRI检查,其中行增强扫描2例;2例同时行CT和MRI检查。分析原发性BMFH的CT和MRI表现,并与组织病理学表现相对照。结果:13例中,长骨骨端11例,长骨骨干1例,髂骨1例。骨质表现为溶骨性破坏,其中6例病灶边缘有轻度骨硬化,7例骨质破坏区间夹杂粗细不等的骨嵴,骨膜反应1例;MRI表现为T1WI等低信号,T2WI混杂高信号。13例均见超过骨破坏范围的软组织肿块,钙化1例;T1WI表现为等或等低信号,T2WI为等高或混杂高信号。CT、MRI增强扫描病变不均匀强化。结论:原发性BMFH的CT、MRI表现有一定的特征,能较好地反映病变的病理特点,对术前明确诊断具有重要意义。     

骨挫伤的MRI诊断价值

目的探讨骨挫伤的MRI影像表现及MRI在骨挫伤影像诊断中的价值.方法回顾性分析34例骨挫伤和3例隐匿性骨折病例的X线平片、CT及MRI影像资料,分析骨挫伤的MRI影像表现,评估X线平片、CT及MRI在骨挫伤影像诊断中的作用.结果全部病例的X线平片均未见异常.CT能有效显示3例隐匿性骨折的部位和形态,但34例骨挫伤病例CT均未能予以诊断.3例CT诊断为隐匿性骨折的病例MRI诊断为骨挫伤而未能显示骨折的存在.MRI能有效显示不同部位骨挫伤的病变部位、范围及形态,在SE序列上骨挫伤的典型MRI表现为不规则片状T1WI低信号、T2WI高信号的异常信号改变,骨皮质及骨轮廓不发生变化.结论在X线平片、CT及MRI三种影像检查方法中,MRI是唯一能有效诊断骨挫伤的检查方法,但MRI不能明确区别骨挫伤和未分离、移位的隐匿性骨折.