PSD-95结构域PDZ1与腺病毒穿梭载体重组体的构建

目的 构建突触后致密物质-95（PSD-95）结构域PDZ1腺病毒重组体.方法 以异硫酸氢胍-酚-氯仿一步法提取的总RNA为模板,采用反转录PCR（RT-PCR）法获得PDZ1的cDNA;与腺病毒穿梭载体用T4 DNA连接酶连接;连接产物转化大肠杆菌JM109进行筛选、序列测定.结果 ①提取到未降解的总RNA;②经RT-PCR得到了PDZ1的cDNA;③酶切鉴定能观察到PDZ1和pAdTrack-CMV两条带;④PDZ1测序图谱与文献报道完全一致.结论 获得了含目的基因PDZ1的腺病毒穿梭载体重组体.     

PDZ1/2结构域与腺病毒穿梭载体重组体的构建

目的构建PSD-95结构域PDZ1/2腺病毒重组体。方法以异硫酸氰胍-酚-氯仿一步法提取的总RNA为模板,采用RT-PCR法获得PDZ1/2的cDNA;与腺病毒穿梭载体用T4 DNA连接酶连接;连接产物转化大肠杆菌JM109进行筛选、序列测定。结果①经RT-PCR得到了PDZ1/2的cDNA;②酶切鉴定能观察到PDZ1/2和pAdTrack-CMV两条带;③PDZ1/2测序图谱与文献报道完全一致。结论成功构建了含目的基因PDZ1/2的腺病毒穿梭载体重组体。     

人DNA聚合酶δ2真核载体的构建及在HEK293细胞中的表达

目的构建人DNA聚合酶δ2(DNA Polδ2)真核表达载体,转染人胚胎肾细胞(HEK293)并观察其表达水平。方法用逆转录PCR(RT-PCR)方法从人胚肺成纤维细胞(WI38细胞)扩增目的基因DNA Polδ2cDNA片段,与pMD-18T载体连接,构建质粒pMD-18T-Polδ2;将目的片段DNA Polδ2从质粒pMD-18T-Polδ2切下,与真核表达载体pcDNA 3.1(+)连接,构建正义及反义真核表达载体pcDNA 3.1-Polδ2。应用脂质体转染试剂,分别将正义、反义真表达载体pcDNA 3.1-Polδ2,空载体pcDNA3.1(+)转染至HEK293细胞,同时设置阴性对照;用RT-PCR和Western blot方法检测目的基因DNA Polδ2mRNA及蛋白表达水平。结果正义和反义DNA Polδ2真核表达载体pcDNA3.1-Polδ2中插入的目的片段与GENEBANK上DNA Polδ2cDNA序列完全一致。RT-PCR方法显示正义及反义真核表达载体转染组细胞的目的基因DNA Polδ2mRNA表达均明显高于空载体转染组及阴性对照组;Western blot显示正义真核表达载体转染组细胞DNA Polδ2蛋白表达明显增强,反义真核表达载体转染组细胞DNA Polδ2蛋白表达阴性。结论人DNA Polδ2正义及反义真核表达载体pcDNA3.1-Polδ2构建成功。     

凋亡诱导因子AIF基因真核表达载体的构建及表达

目的 利用TA克隆法构建凋亡诱导因子(AIF)的真核表达载体AIF-pcDNA3.1(+),并研究其在人肺腺癌A549细胞中的表达.方法 根据GenBank上AIF的mRNA序列设计特异性引物,以A549细胞总RNA为模板,RT-PCR扩增AIF基因.并用TA克隆法,将AIF目的基因连接到pUC-T载体,行双酶切和DNA测序鉴定;回收目的片段并将其插入真核表达载体pcDNA3.1(+)构建重组质粒AIF-pcDNA3.1(+).最后,将A IF-pcDNA3.1(+)转染A549细胞,RT-PCR和Western blot检测转染细胞AIF基因的表达.结果 成功扩增617 bp的AIF目的基因片段并连接pUC-T载体,测序后回收目的片段并与真核表达载体pcDNA3.1(+)连接,DNA序列分析显示,连接在真核表达载体上的基因片段与GenBank中的AIF序列完全吻合.RT-PCR和Western blot检测结果显示,转染了AIF-pcDNA3.1(+)的A549细胞AIF mRNA和蛋白表达水平均高于未转染细胞(P＜0.05).结论 成功构建了真核表达载体AIF-pcDNA3.1(+),转染后能够在A549细胞中表达.     

hURAT1基因真核表达重组体的构建及意义

目的 构建pcDNA3.1(-)/hURAT1真核表达重组体.方法 提取人全血基因组DNA,进行PCR扩增,将纯化的扩增产物与表达载体pcDNA3.1(-)连接后转化DH5α感受态细胞.重组质粒经BamHⅠ和EcoRⅠ酶切后,应用核苷酸序列测定方法进行鉴定.结果 PCR扩增得到hURAT1第2外显子至第5内含子长1 958 bp的基因片段.该片段与表达载体pcDNA3.1(-)连接后转化DH5α感受态细胞.重组质粒经酶切和核苷酸序列测定方法鉴定,证实hURAT1片段插入序列和方向正确.结论 hURAT1基因组DNA片段插入真核表达载体pcDNA3.1(-)的序列和方向正确,可用于后续基因功能研究,尤其是编码序列和内含子序列变异的功能研究.     

分泌型核心蛋白聚糖真核表达载体的构建及鉴定

目的：构建分泌型核心蛋白聚糖(DCN)真核表达载体,为研究DCN的生物学功能奠定基础。方法：利用特异性引物,应用PCR技术扩增DCN全长基因cDNA片段,与 pcDNA3.1载体进行连接,并转化到大肠杆菌JM109中扩增以获得重组载体,应用双酶切、PCR以及测序鉴定此重组载体。结果：获得了约1080 bp大小的特异性DNA片段;PCR产物与真核表达载体进行连接,经过双酶切、PCR以及测序鉴定证实分泌型DCN cDNA片段正确插入真核表达载体pcDNA3.1中。结论：成功克隆了分泌型DCN cDNA,并且构建了真核表达载体pcDNA3.1-DCN。     

沙眼衣原体ompA基因克隆及其在真核细胞中的表达

目的克隆D型沙眼衣原体(Ct)ompA基因,构建真核表达重组质粒,转染真核细胞,为核酸疫苗的研制作准备.方法用PCR技术从D型Ct基因组DNA中扩增ompA基因片段,重组入pUCm-T克隆载体.将pUCm-T/ompA中的ompA外源基因片段经酶切、连接等反应,亚克隆入pcDNA3.1真核表达载体,进行序列分析和酶切鉴定后,运用脂质体将重组体pcDNA3.1/ompA转染HeLa细胞,免疫组化法观察目的的基因的表达.结果从D型Ct基因组DNA中扩增出特异的ompA基因片段;序列测定证实与GenBank登陆的D型Ct一致;重组质粒pcDNA3.1/ompA在HeLa中获得表达.结论Ct ompA基因能够在体外真核细胞表达,为进一步研究Ct致病机制及DNA疫苗的研究提供理论依据.     

人端粒酶催化亚单位(hTERT)特异性锤头状核酶真核表达载体的构建及鉴定

目的 设计并合成人TERT特异性的锤头状核酶(hammerhead ribozyme)基因并构建其真核表达载体.含有核酶靶基因hTERTcDNA保守序列的T载体pMD18-T-hTERT的构建.方法 运用计算机软件人工设计并合成核酶基因(RZ),将核酶基因克隆到真核表达载体pcDNA 3.1(+)中,重组子由BamH I和EcoR I酶切,琼脂糖凝胶电泳鉴定及DNA测序.RT-PCR法扩增目的 基因cDNA保守序列,与pMD-18进行T-A连接,重组子经菌液PCR及测序鉴定.结果 RZ人工合成后与pcDNA 3.1(+)连接,酶切电泳及DNA测序证实合成的核酶基因序列正确并已被准确克隆入pcDNA 3.1(+)的BamH I和EcoR I位点之间,命名为pcDNA 3.1-RZ.220bp的hTERT基因cDNA保守序列准确克隆于pMD18-T,命名为pMD18-T-hTERT.结论成功合成hTERT特异性的锤头状核酶基因并构建了该基因的真核表达载体,以及核酶靶基因的pMD18-T-hTERT载体.     

亚细胞定位PTEN基因真核表达载体的构建与鉴定

目的：构建人野生型亚细胞定位PTEN基因真核表达载体,为进一步研究其抗肿瘤作用奠定基础。 方法：以胎盘组织RNA为模板,利用RT-PCR技术扩增目的基因片段。PCR产物与T载体连接,转化大肠杆菌,获得T-PTEN质粒,进行酶切鉴定和测序。以T-PTEN质粒为模板,利用PCR技术将核定位信号（NSL）加入PTEN序列。PCR产物与T载体连接,转化大肠杆菌,获得T-NSL-PTEN质粒。真核表达载体pcDNA3.1及T-NSL-PTEN质粒经EcoRⅠ和BamHⅠ双酶切后连接,转化大肠杆菌,获得重组载体pcDNA3.1-NSL-PTEN,进行酶切和测序鉴定。结果：重组质粒PUM-PTEN酶切在1　200　bp处见目的片段,与预期结果符合。测序结果显示基因序列与目的基因完全一致;重组质粒PUM-NSL-PTEN酶切在1　200 bp处见目的片段,测序结果显示基因序列与设计一致,核定位信号成功加入;重组质粒pcDNA3.1-PTEN酶切在1 200 bp处见目的片段,测序结果显示基因序列与目的基因相同;重组载体pcDNA3.1-NSL-PTEN经双酶切和测序证实了其正确性EcoRⅠ和BamHⅠ双酶切在1　200 bp处见目的片段,与预期结果一致。测序结果显示,核定位信号成功加入,其后是阅读框架正确的PTEN基因序列。结论：成功构建可表达亚细胞定位PTEN的真核表达载体pcDNA3.1-NSL-PTEN。     

以HBc颗粒为呈现载体的真核表达载体pcDNA3.1-HBcNhel的构建

目的构建含乙肝核心C基因的真核表达载体pcDNA3.1-HBcNhel,探索其作为DNA疫苗载体的可能性.方法采用分子克隆技术在原核表达质粒pTrc-core的HBcAg el-loop处添加NheI酶切位点,双酶切此重组载体pTrc-coreNhel及真核表达载体pcDNA3.1,产物经纯化、T4DNA连接酶连接,连接产物转化大肠杆菌DH5α,筛选抗Amp+克隆并提取质粒进行酶切及PCR鉴定.结果成功构建了真核表达质粒pcDNA3.1-HBcNhel.结论该重组质粒可作为治疗性及预防性疫苗的候选载体,为深入研究预防性及治疗性疫苗奠定了基础.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.