秦皮及其混伪品的生药学研究现状

从秦皮的用药历史、真实性鉴定和化学成分等方面综述了秦皮及其常见混伪品的生药学研究现状,为秦皮质量标准研究及资源合理开发利用提供参考依据。     

荜茇的本草考证

目的：考究荜茇的用药历史，确定正品，排除伪品。方法：考查古今文献记载，综合分析。结果：古今本草所载荜茇不尽相同。结论：荜茇正品来源于胡椒科植物荜茇Piper longum L.的干燥近成熟或成熟果穗，同属他种植物果穗为混伪品。     

基于ITS2序列的建泽泻及其混伪品鉴定研究

目的?利用ITS2条形码鉴别建泽泻及其混伪品。方法?提取28份建泽泻及其混伪品基因组DNA,PCR扩增ITS2序列并进行双向测序,测序结果提交至GenBank,同时从GenBank下载泽泻科植物及其混伪品10种17条ITS2序列,对提交与下载的45条序列,应用MEGA 5.1软件进行序列比对,计算种内和种间距离,采用相似性搜索法、最近距离法进行鉴定分析,并构建NJ系统进化树直观反映鉴定结果。结果?建泽泻、川泽泻ITS2序列长度均为311?bp,存在1个变异位点;建泽泻与泽泻科泽泻属物种距离较近,与泽泻科其他属及其混伪品之间遗传距离较远;NJ树结果显示建泽泻及其混伪品均可明显区分,表现出良好的单系性。结论?ITS2序列作为DNA条形码可以准确快捷地鉴别建泽泻及其混伪品,为其种质资源鉴定及临床安全用药提供了新的技术手段。      

蒲公英属植物研究进展

蒲公英属(Taraxacum)植物是临床常用的中药材,属于我国国家中药保护品种之一.我国蒲公英属植物种类具有繁杂的多样性,资源蕴藏量极为丰富,不仅在临床上具有多方面的疗效,而且还是人们非常喜欢的营养丰富的绿色蔬菜.本文综述了蒲公英属植物的种类组成、种群分布规律、化学成分、药用价值、药理作用、临床应用等方面的基本情况,可...     

基于ITS2序列的羌活及其混伪品的DNA条形码鉴定

目的 对羌活及其混伪品进行分子鉴定,以确保该药材的质量以及临床疗效。方法 利用PCR测序法,对样品进行核基因ITS2片段扩增并双向测序,所得序列经CodonCode Aligner拼接后,用软件MEGA 4.0进行相关数据分析,并构建邻接（NJ）树。利用已建立的ITS2数据库及其网站预测ITS2二级结构。结果 羌活与宽叶羌活ITS2序列长度均为228 bp,二者种内平均K2P（Kimura-2-parameter）遗传距离均远远小于其与混伪品的种间平均K2P遗传距离;由所构建的系统聚类树图可以看出,羌活与宽叶羌活均表现出了单系性,而同时又与其他混伪品明显分开;比较ITS2二级结构发现,羌活基原植物与其混伪品在4个螺旋区的茎环数目、大小、位置以及螺旋发出时的角度均有明显差异。结论 ITS2序列作为DNA条形码可以方便快捷地鉴别羌活及其混伪品,为其种质资源鉴定及临床安全用药提供了重要分子依据。     

瓦楞子及其混伪品的差热分析、X射线衍射和X射线荧光分析

目的借助现代分析手段探讨瓦楞子及其混伪品的差异性。方法采用差热分析法、X射线衍射法和X射线荧光分析法对瓦楞子及其混伪品进行比较分析研究,并采用聚类分析和主成分分析进行数据分析。结果差热分析图谱分析结果表明,瓦楞子及其混伪品在50℃及高温区均呈现相同的吸热峰; X射线衍射图谱分析结果表明,瓦楞子及其混伪品均为文石型碳酸钙; X射线荧光光谱分析结果表明,瓦楞子及其混伪品元素种类及其含量大致相同。瓦楞子及其混伪品的无机元素种类和含量进行聚类分析和主成分分析,可将其分为三类,即毛蚶、密肋粗饰蚶、泥蚶、球蚶、魁蚶和舟蚶为一类,异毛蚶和结蚶分别为一类。结论通过对瓦楞子及其混伪品的差热分析、X射线衍射和X射线荧光分析的系统比较分析研究,瓦楞子及其混伪品的在成分组成及结构方面差异性小,可为市售瓦楞子的合理安全用药提供依据。     

我国药用香茶菜属植物化学及药理学研究新进展

唇形科香茶菜属[Rabdosia (BL.)Hassk.]植物在世界各地分布约1 50种,我国是该属植物资源最丰富的国家,有90种,21个变种,全国各地均有分布,其中以西南各省种数最多.对于香茶菜属植物的药用价值,人们早有认识,在民间多用作清热解毒、活血破瘀、抗菌消炎、抗肿瘤和治疗各种肝炎等[1].我国于70年代中期开始了对该属植物的开发利用研究.这里,将近10年来有关国内有不同产地香茶菜属植物的活性成分和药理学研究情况进行综述,为该属植物及其二萜类活性成分在抗菌、抗肿瘤等方面的开发利用提供依据.     

天仙子及其混伪品的微性状鉴别

目的对天仙子及其混伪品进行鉴别。方法查阅文献,在明确天仙子及其混伪品种类的基础上,应用中药微性状鉴定法对其进行鉴别研究。结果天仙子及其混伪品呈现不同的微性状特征,在性状、大小、色泽、表面光滑程度、表面附属物等方面有较明显的区别。结论利用中药微性状鉴定法可以对天仙子及其混伪品进行鉴别。     

承德中草药资源的种类与分布

承德野生中草药资源百分之九十以上为植物资源,极少数为动物资源.据不完全统计具有药用价值的植动物约600多种,历史上有经营的中药材约260余种,尚未开发利用的约400种.     

巴戟天及其混伪品的生药鉴别

目的：为巴戟天及其混伪品的鉴别提供参考依据。方法：采用来源、性状、显微、理化等鉴别方法进行鉴别比较。结果：总结出了巴戟天及其混伪品的鉴别特征。结论：经过综合鉴别比较,可以分清品种,鉴别真伪,以确保临床用药准确有效。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Electro-Acupuncture Combined with the Trigger Point Needle-Embedding for Treatment of Primary Trigeminal Neuralgia in 31 Cases

In recent years, the author of this essay has applied electro-acupuncture combined with the trigger point needle-embedding for treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia in 31 cases, yielding satis- factory results as reported in the following.     

Investigation of Matrix Metalloproteinase -1, 2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 in Endometriosis

Objective： To explore the role of matrix metalloproteinase-1,2 （MMP-1, MMP-2） and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 （TIMP-1） in endometriosis. Methods： The eutopic and ectopic endometria from 40 subjects suffering from endometriosis and regular.endometria from 40 subjects （excluding endometriosis） were collected and examined by in situ hybridization technology and western blot assay. Results： Both expressions of MMP-1 and -2 were stronger in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium than in normal endometrium. On the contrary, the expression of TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium was lower. The differences were significant （P 〈 0.01 ）. Moreover, there was no relationship among the expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium. Conclusion： The expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 lose balance and lack of periodic changes in ectopic endometrium , which explains the biological invasive behavior of endometriosis. It was suggested-that regulating the balance between the MMPs and TIMP-1 should be an ideal therapeutic target to endometriosis.     

Shi Da-zhuo (史大卓) —An outstanding cardiologist of integrative medicine

Prof. SHI Da-zhuo, Ph.D., male, was born on March 20, 1960. Prof. SHI entered the Ph.D. program in 1990 at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences under the supervision of Prof. CHEN Ke-ji, majoring in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. After receiving his Ph.D. degree in 1993, Prof. SHI started working at the Cardiovascular Center in Xiyuan Hospital affiliated to China Academy of Chinese Medical sciences.     

Persist in and Carry Forward the Integrative Medical Research——Speech at the 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine by Academician CHEN Zhu,Minister of Ministry of Health

The 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine （CALM） was convened at 19-20, April 2008 in Beijing. Academician CHEN Zhu, the minister of Ministry of Health indicated at the congress that the integration of Chinese and Western medicine is very well in keeping with the situation of our country and the general rule of development in medical science; and as a good integration of Chinese medicine and Western medicine, it is mutually beneficial and advantageous to both of them. Seeing the creativity shown in integrative medical investigation in theoretic and methodological sides, we should and must persist in and develop it.