Rapidly solidified hypereutectic Al-Si alloys prepared by powder hot extrusion

Rapidly solidified hypereutectic Al-Si alloys were prepared by powder hot extrusion.By eliminating vacuum degassing procedure.the fabrication routine was simplified.The tensile fracture mechanisms at room temperature and elevated temperature were investigated by SEM fractography.Compared with KS282 casting material,the tensile strength of rapidly solidified Al-Si alloy is greatly improved due to silicon particles refining while its density and coefficient of thermal expansion are lower.than those of KS282.The wear resistance of RS AlSi is better than that of KS282.     

过共晶铝硅自生梯度复合材料的组织与性能

用电磁分离工艺成功制备了初生Si相体积分数、材料显微硬度和耐磨性沿径向呈梯度分布的棒状复合材料 ,讨论了梯度层的形成过程。微观组织观察和力学性能测试结果表明 :在近外壁区域形成了体积分数高达16 %的细小初生Si相偏聚区 ,此区硬度高 ,耐磨性好 ,中心区为细小和均匀的共晶组织 ,两部分之间为颗粒体积分数渐变的过渡区 ,可使耐磨层与基体的结合强度得到保证     

快速凝固高硅铝合金粉末的热挤压过程

通过分析快速凝固高硅铝合金末在热挤压过程中的密度、微观组织和相结构的变化，对粉末热挤压成形机理进行了探讨，结果表明，快速凝固高硅铝合金粉末热压过程分为2个阶段，即填充挤压阶段和稳态渡动阶段，粉末生坯的致密化主要有在第一阶段完成，粉末颗粒中初晶Si相受到加热长大和挤压破碎两方面的综合作用，最终得到的挤压材料中的Si颗粒与原始粉末相比没有明显的相比，合金的相组成在挤压前后 有发生变化，快速凝固合 组织结构特征基本得以保留。     

过共晶铝-硅合金处理技术的研究进展

综述了为改善过共晶铝-硅合金的性能,目前所采用的控制合金中初晶硅尺寸、形态和分布的各种处理方法及其机制,它们包括细化变质、合金熔体过热处理、半固态搅拌、快速凝固、电磁场作用、电脉冲孕育处理等方法。从合金中初晶硅尺寸、形态和分布等方面比较了各种处理方法的优缺点。     

混合方式对受控扩散凝固过共晶Al-Si合金初生硅相的影响

采用受控扩散凝固技术(CDS)制备Al-15％Si(质量分数)合金,研究混合方式对受控扩散凝固Al- 15％Si合金初生硅相尺寸、形貌和分布的影响.结果表明:受控扩散凝固可以明显细化初生硅相,改善初生硅相形貌和在组织中的分布.其中,液-液混合细化效果比固-液混合细化效果好,特别是通过液态纯铝与液态Al-25％Si合金的液-液混合受控扩散凝固制备得到的凝固组织,其初生硅相平均尺寸仅为14μm,且在组织中分布均匀.     

Semi-solid characteristics and thixoforming of hypereutectic Al-Si alloy

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Yb和Al-Ti-B复合变质对过共晶Al-Si铸造合金组织和性能的影响

采用光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、电子探针,研究了不同比例的稀土Yb和Al-5Ti-B复合变质剂对过共晶Al-20Si合金显微组织与性能的影响。结果表明,Al-20Si合金中添加0.5% Yb和0.3% Al-5Ti-1B复合变质剂使得粗大的多边形状、块状和五瓣星状初生Si变质为细小块状,共晶Si由粗大的片状或针状结构变质为细小颗粒或者纤维结构,而且粗大的α-Al枝晶被细化为等轴枝晶。然而,当Al-5Ti-B变质剂含量达到0.4%时,初生Si和共晶Si出现粗化现象。力学性能测试结果表明,合金的抗拉强度和延伸率分别增加了83.7%和92.1%。     

Effect of Y2O3 on microstructure and mechanical properties of hypereutectic Al-20%Si alloy

The effect of Y203 on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the hypereutectic Al-20%Si（mass fraction） alloy was investigated. The results show that, with the addition of Y203 into the Al-P-Ti-TiC modifier, the average size of primary silicon in the Al-20%Si alloy modified by Al-P-Ti-TiC-Y203 modifier （approximately 15μm or less） is significantly reduced, and the morphology of eutectic silicon changes from coarse acicular and plate like to refined fibrous. The Brinell hardness （HB189） and tensile strength （301 MPa） of Al-20%Si alloy modified by the Al-P-Ti-TiC-Y2O3 increase by 11.6% and 10.7%, respectively, for the alloys aider heat treatment.     

Effects of ZnS modification on primary Si in hypereutectic Al-Si alloy

A new modifying agent, ZnS, was used as a refiner to modify primary silicon in hypereutectic AlSi alloy. The factors affecting the modification results, including addition level of ZnS and holding time, were investigated. The results showed that the average size of the most effectively modified primary silicon was 28.5 μm when the ZnS mixed powder addition was 0.15 wt.% with a holding time of 10 min. More important, the average size of primary silicon could remain below 40 μm despite the holding time extending to 120 min, which means ZnS is a promising modifying agent of primarySi in industrial applications.     

复合变质对过共晶高硅铝合金组织和性能的影响

研究了复合变质对过共晶铝硅合金组织和性能的影响 ,实验结果表明 :经采用ZXH复合变质剂变质处理后 ,过共晶铝硅合金中的初晶硅晶粒平均尺寸由变质前的 2 5 0 μm变为 35 μm ,抗拉强度由变质前的 178MPa提高到2 36MPa ,冲击韧度由变质前的 7J/cm2 提高到 15 .4J/cm2 。所使用的这种新型变质剂具有同时细化初晶硅和共晶硅的功效 ,且具长效性。由此说明 ,这种复合变质剂是一种强效变质剂 ,工艺宽容性好 ,便于在生产中推广应用。     

Influence of La on microstructures of hypereutectic Al-Si alloys

1　INTRODUCTIONThemicrostructureofhypereutecticAl Sialloys ,preparedbyconventionalcastingroutines ,usuallyconsistsofcoarseSicrystals[112 ] ,leadingtothepoorextrudability ,machinability ,strengthandductili ty[1315] .Therefore ,structuralmodificationmustbedonethroughtwo generalways :1)alloyingaddi tions ,and /or ;2 )syntheticalternatives .Accordingtothedimensionalconditionofaneffectivemodifier ,theradiusratiooftheagenttoSishouldbeabout1.6 5 [16 ] ,La ,withtheratioof 1.5 9,ispossiblycon sid…     

液淬和变质工艺对过共晶铝硅合金的影响

过共晶铝硅合金中的初晶硅由于晶粒粗大并且有尖锐的棱角,严重削弱了合金的机碱性能,通常我们采用变质处理工艺来改善这一现象.液淬工艺主要用于得到非晶组织,通过液淬工艺能得到超细非晶结构.如果把液淬工艺加入到变质工艺的过程中,这对实验的结果一定能产生影响.本文中,我们分别对过共晶铝硅合金采用了变质和变质液淬的混合工艺.通过实验我们证实磷元素能够显著改变组织的尺寸,通过对磷元素的扫描分析,发现磷元素不仅分布在中心,在初晶硅的内部也分布大量的磷元素,这说明了磷元素除了在异质形核中起作用外,它还可以把初晶硅分割为很多小的初晶块,不同的小初晶块生长方向各不相同,那么在宏观上观察,经过磷元素变质的初晶硅,形状上开始变得比较圆滑.如果我们在变质过程中引入液淬工艺,变质效果能得到显著的提高,结果表明晶粒尺寸变小,晶粒形状变为椭圆,这说明冷却速度促进了磷元素对初晶硅尺寸和形状的影响.     

Effect of extrusion ratio on the wear behaviour of Al-Si and Al-Mg alloys

In this study, the wear behaviour of hot extruded Al-Si and Al-Mg alloys was investigated under dry conditions. Die cast Al-Mg alloy containing 1.7% Mg and Al-Si alloy containing 3.3% Si were extruded at 1.6 and 2 ratios. Mechanical and microstructural characterisations of the extruded alloys were carried out through optical microscopy, hardness measurements and tensile testing. Wear tests were carried out on a pin-on-disc type wear device and the worn surfaces were examined under a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The wear test results revealed that the extrusion ratio had an influence on the wear rate and that the samples extruded at a ratio of 1.6 had a lower wear resistance than the ones extruded at a ratio of 2.     

电磁搅拌对过共晶Al—Si合金初生Si分布的影响

系统研究了电磁搅拌下过共晶Al-Si合金初生Si的偏析规律,实验表明,虽然电磁搅拌引起过共晶Al-Si合金中初生Si的显著细化和圆整化,但常会使坯料表面出现初生Si偏析层,合金中Si含量越大,初生Si偏析层越厚,提高电磁摘抄功率、降低合金熔体冷却速率都会减小或消除初生Si偏析层;在电磁摘抄条件下,坯料表面产生初生Si偏析层的主要原因是固－液界面处的温度梯度过大和存在一层流附面层。     

Cu-P合金变质过共晶铝硅合金时熔体搅拌工艺对变质效果的影响

针对过共晶铝硅合金经过P变质后初生硅仍然粗人大的问题,采用Cu-9%P合金变质处理Al-15%Si、Al-18%Si、Al-20%Si合金,变质处理后对熔体进行搅拌,研究了搅拌工艺对变质处理效果的影响,分析了熔体搅拌提高变质效果机理。结果表明,Cu-P合金变质过共晶铝硅合金时,对熔体进行搅拌可显著提高变质效果,初生硅最高可细化85%;在最佳搅拌时间内,搅拌强度越大、硅含量越高,变质效果越好;搅拌熔体迫使富P区域内AIP停止生长,熔体流动速度越快,对富PP区域内AlP的冲刷越强烈,越容易得到细小的AlP;搅拌熔体能够增加组织中初生α相的数量,搅拌工艺合适时,典型的共晶组织基本消失,可获得连续的α基体上均匀分布细小初生硅的凝固组织。     

电磁搅拌Al—24%Si合金的显微组织

在常规凝固条件下,Al-24%Si过共晶合金中的初生Si为粗大的板片状,经过激烈的电磁搅拌,初生Si得到明显细化,分布均匀,绝大部分初生Si呈球团状或块状;搅拌功率越大,初生Si越细小和圆整,P变质可以强化电磁搅拌效果,在电磁搅拌条件下,Al-24%Si过共晶合金中的初生Si得以细化和球团化的主要原因是：电磁搅拌引起合金熔体对初生Si的机械破碎,摩擦作用,抑制初生Si择优生长作用,促进初生Si熟化和变质细化作用。     

Al-Si过共晶合金中初生硅的溶解动力学

以扩散为模型,并考虑界面反应对初生相溶解过程的影响,建立了初生相在过热９熔体中的溶解动力学模型。同时以Ａｌ－１８％Ｓｉ（质量分数）合金为对象,在１１００℃过热情况下,对该模型进行了验证。结果表明;该模型基本上能反应该条件下初生硅的溶解特性。     

喷射沉积高硅铝合金显微组织及形成机理

研究了喷射沉积Ａｌ－２０％Ｓｉ及Ａｌ－３０％Ｓｉ合金坯料的显微组织及形成机理。结果表明,两种合金的喷射沉积态组织为细小的团块状Ｓｉ均匀地分布于基体α上,没有共晶组织出现。形成该组织特征的机理是由于在沉积阶段凝固过程中合金发生了离异共晶,在雾化阶段大的冷却速度下形成的大量Ｓｉ相核心以及在沉积阶段相对较低的冷却速度为这一过程提供了动力学条件。通过自行设计的沉积阶段凝固的模拟实验,对这一机理进行了验证;     

Effect of deformation on microstructure and conductivity of hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy

Plastic deformation of sprayed alloy is an effective method to fabricate the hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy which combines good conductivity and toughness. In this study, Al-20Si-0.35 RE (wt%) alloy was synthesized by spray atomization and deposition technique. The sprayed deposition and over-spray powder were hot-extruded and plastic deformed respectively. Microstructure and conductivity were systematically performed in order to understand the influence of deformation on microstructure and conductivity of the hypereutectic alloy. The Si particles are refining and uniformly distributed in the Al matrix due to the proper addition of rare earth metal and the rapid solidification preparation method. The microstructure of plastic deformed alloy has invariably indicated that severe plastic deformation lead to the even refinement of microstructure. Both the conductivity of over-spray powder extrusion and sprayed deposition extrusion were obviously improved after plastic deformation. Possible mechanisms of deformation on microstructure and conductivity of hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy are discussed.     

变质及合金化对过共晶Al-20%Si合金组织及磨损性能的影响

对过共晶Al-20%Si合金进行变质和合金化处理,并在不同环境温度下进行摩擦磨损测试。结果表明,经过Cu-P中间合金变质后的初晶Si相和共晶Si相明显细化和钝化,再添加1.5%Zr(质量分数)后初晶Si相的粒径更小,为20-40μm,且趋于球形。共晶Si相呈纤维状或短棒状,长度明显变短(≤50μm)。以上3种合金随环境温度的升高都出现了从轻微磨损到严重磨损的转变,且转变载荷随环境温度的升高而减小。室温下3种合金的磨损曲线差异不大,但在较高的环境温度下,经变质和合金化处理后,发生磨损转变的载荷明显减小,细化的初晶和共晶Si相提高了合金的性能,特别是高温耐磨性能。这归因于细化的Si相避免了应力集中和磨损过程中的直接破碎化,在高温磨损阶段磨损表面易形成机械混合层,阻碍合金与对磨副的直接接触,降低磨损率。