Blue laser phase change recording system

The migration paths from DVD phase change recording with red laser to the next generation optical disk formats with blue laser and high NA optics are discussed with respect to optical aberration margins and disc capacities. A test system for the evaluation of phase change disks with more than 20 GB capacity is presented and first results of the recording performance are shown.     

多元醇固—固相变机理的研究

多元醇在一定温度下发生固—固相变,大量文献都报道了它们的固—固相变焓、相变温度以及相图,并认为相变焓与氢键有关.本文以IR 光谱测试结果以及量热实验结果为基础,定量探讨了NPG(neopentylglycol),PG(pentaglycerino),PE(pentaerythritol)的固—固相变焓与氢键的关系,进一步解释了相变的机理:NPG,PG,PE分子在发生固—固相变前,—OH形成分子间氢键,分子具有层状结构.相变后,NPG,PG,PE分子沿着层面移动,移动过程中部分氢键断裂,分子发生相变时所吸收 关键词： 固—固相变 相变焓 氢键 红外光谱     

相变材料与超表面复合结构太赫兹移相器

利用相变材料嵌入超表面组成复合结构实现太赫兹移相器,该器件自上而下依次为二氧化钒嵌入金属层、液晶、二氧化钒嵌入金属层、二氧化硅层.通过二氧化钒的相变特性和液晶的双折率特性同时作用实现对器件相位调控.随着外加温度变化二氧化钒电导率发生改变,器件的相位随之产生移动,同样的对液晶层施加不同的电压导致液晶折射率发生变化,器件相位也会有影响.经过这两种介质共同作用,最终实现对太赫兹波相位有效调控.仿真结果验证了该相移器在频率f=0.736 THz时,太赫兹移相器的最大相移量达到355.37°,在0.731—0.752 THz(带宽为22 GHz)频率范围相移量超过350°.这种基于相变材料与超表面复合结构为灵活调控太赫兹波提供了一种新思路,将在太赫兹成像、通信等领域有着广泛的应用前景.     

基于相变与悬链线连续相位调控的超构光子开关

针对超表面相位调控中的无源及离散特性,本文拟将等宽悬链线超构单元与非易失性相变介质结合,探索研究一种高效连续相位调制的双稳态相变有源波前超构开关.首先在9—10μm之间的宽带中红外波段实现了可动态切换的波前偏转开关;当相变层在非晶态和晶态之间切换时,入射光波前分别呈现异常反射和正常的镜面反射,即"开"或"关"两个偏转状态.其次展示了一种可动态切换的高阶贝塞尔光束开关:非晶态时,9.6μm波长垂直入射下交叉极化转换效率接近100%,产生正常的几何相位调控与二阶贝塞尔聚焦,即"开"态;而相变至晶态时,交叉极化与几何相位调控被"关"闭.本质上,自旋-轨道相互作用具有无色散的相位调控保证了该类器件的宽波段工作特性,在未来的有源光电子集成、光通讯等应用领域中具有重大潜力.     

The quest for fast phase change materials

Strategies are presented to identify phase change materials with fast transformation kinetics. A microscopic investigation of crystallization kinetics with a static tester and an atomic force microscope demonstrates that for different alloy compositions recrystallization proceeds either via growth from the crystalline rim or by nucleation and growth of critical nuclei. The influence of dielectric layers enables a further optimization of transformation kinetics.     

应用于相变存储器的Cu-Ge3Sb2Te5薄膜的结构及相变特性研究

采用磁控溅射法制备了不同Cu含量的Cu-Ge₃Sb₂Te₅薄膜, 原位测试了薄膜电阻与温度的关系, 并利用X射线衍射仪、透射电镜、透过和拉曼光谱仪分别研究了 Cu-Ge₃Sb₂Te₅薄膜的晶体结构、微结构、禁带宽度及成键情况. 结果表明, Cu-Ge₃Sb₂Te₅薄膜的结晶温度和结晶活化能随着Cu含量的增加而增大, Cu的加入有效改善Ge₃Sb₂Te₅薄膜的热稳定性和10年数据保持力. 随着Cu含量的增加, 非晶态Cu-Ge₃Sb₂Te₅薄膜的禁带宽度逐渐减小. 同时, 拉曼峰从129 cm^-1向127 cm^-1处移动, 这是由于Cu–Te极性键振动增强的缘故. Cu-Ge₃Sb₂Te₅结晶为均匀、相互嵌套的六方Cu₂Te和Ge₂Sb₂Te₅相.     

Observations of temperature jumps in liquid-vapour phase change

We have experimentally observed large temperature jumps at the interfaces during liquid-vapour phase change between plane surfaces. This settles an issue that has been controversial for the past few decades.     

Structure of phase change materials for data storage

Phase change materials based on chalcogenide alloys play an important role in optical and electrical memory devices. Both applications rely on the reversible phase transition of these alloys between amorphous and metastable cubic states. However, their atomic arrangements are not yet clear, which results in the unknown phase change mechanism of the utilization. Here using ab initio calculations we have determined the atomic arrangements. The results show that the metastable structure consists of special repeated units possessing rocksalt symmetry, whereas the so-called vacancy positions are highly ordered and layered and just result from the cubic symmetry. Finally, the fast and reversible phase change comes from the intrinsic similarity in the structures of the amorphous and metastable states.     

Possible phase change between itinerant ferromagnetism and superconductivity

It is pointed out theoretically that a single electron band model is able to exhibit the interchange of two phases: itenerant band ferromagnetism and superconductivity. Our theory is based on the molecular field approximation applied for a simplified electron-electron interaction. Possible phase changes are discussed in connection with two phase transitions of ferromagnetism and superconductivity in the intermetallic compound Y₄Co₃.     

Analysis of refrigerant-charged solar collectors with phase change

This paper presents a mathematical model for natural circulation refrigerant-charged solar collector plates with phase change. The model accounts for the thermal nonequilibrium vapor generation process along fully charged collector tubes.The local vapor generation rate is determined by solving the steady one-dimensional two-phase energy conservation equations in finite difference form along the flow path. The integral momentum balance around the circulation loop determines the circulation flow rate, which shows dependency on the solar flux and the pressure of the heat carrying refrigerant inside the loop. Calculations have been made for a system fully charged by R-11, with temperature-dependent thermophysical properties.The effect of solar insolation, for a controlled pressure system, on the vaquality, ad circulation rate is presented and discussed. Performance of the system is studied for a range of the independent variables, solar flux up to 1000 W m⁻², and refrigerant saturations temperatures up to 80°C.     

Convection in the presence of a first-order phase change

We report experimental and theoretical results for two-phase convection in a thin horizontal layer of a fluid with a first-order phase change and heated from below. A top layer of the nematic phase of a liquid crystal is located above the bottom layer of the isotropic phase of the same substance. A horizontal field of 1000 G is applied in order to align the director of the nematic phase. Over some ranges of the thickness of the isotropic phase, and in sufficiently large thermal gradients, the more dense nematic phase can be stably stratified above the less dense isotropic one, with a stable interface between them. Based on the equations of motion derived for this problem by Busse and Schubert [J. Fluid Mech. 46, 801 (1971)], we evaluate the bifurcation lines between the quiescent and convecting states and the corresponding critical wave vectors as a function of the interface position. We report experimental measurements based on Nusselt-number determinations for the locations of the bifurcation lines. They are in good agreement with the theoretical results. We also report approximate determinations of the critical wave numbers which are semiquantitatively consistent with the theory. A great diversity of patterns is observed in the convecting states, including normal and parallel rolls, rolls with defects and disorder, target patterns and spirals, and cellular flow with upflow or downflow at the cell center. These patterns are discussed in terms of the breaking of the mirror symmetry at the horizontal midplane by the interface, and in terms of the orienting effects of the magnetic field.     

Density functional simulations of Sb-rich GeSbTe phase change alloys

We generated models of the amorphous phase of Sb-rich GeSbTe phase change alloys by quenching from the melt within density functional molecular dynamics. We considered the two compositions Ge(1)Sb(1)Te(1) and Ge(2)Sb(4)Te(5). Comparison with previous results on the most studied Ge(2)Sb(2)Te(5) allowed us to draw some conclusions on the dependence of the structural properties of the amorphous phase on the alloy composition. Vibrational and electronic properties were also scrutinized. Phonons at high frequencies above 200?cm(-1) are localized in tetrahedra around Ge atoms in Sb-rich compounds as well as in Ge(2)Sb(2)Te(5). All compounds are semiconducting in the amorphous phase, with a band gap in the range 0.7-1.0?eV.     

碳纳米流体相变特性实验研究

通过"两步法"制备分散均匀、稳定的单壁碳纳米管/水、多壁碳纳米管/水碳纳米流体,通过差示扫描量热法(DSC)测试分析了碳纳米流体的凝固、熔化相变过程,实验结果表明在凝固相变过程中随着碳纳米管质量分数的增加,碳纳米流体的起始凝固温度及凝固温度逐渐升高,单壁碳纳米流体的凝固温度显著提高,在熔化相变过程中,碳纳米流体的质量分数对于纳米流体的熔点无明显影响,但对于碳纳米流体的潜热影响较大,碳纳米流体的潜热随着质量分数的增加而明显减小。     

Polarization patterning by laser-induced phase change in ferroelectric polymer films

Polarization patterns were written on ferroelectric poly(vinylidene-trifluoroethylene) copolymer Langmuir–Blodgett films by heating into the paraelectric phase by laser illumination using two methods. In the first method, patterns were produced by direct writing by a focused continuous-wave laser beam that was moved across the sample. This method affords the greatest flexibility. In the second method, the patterns were generated simultaneously with a pulsed laser using a beam interference method. This method produces highly regular patterns quickly over large areas and affords higher patterning resolution. The patterns produced by both methods could be erased and rewritten, making this technique useful for producing reconfigurable nonvolatile memories, infrared imaging sensors, or acoustic imaging transducers.     

基于位相变更的非相干数字全息自适应成像

菲涅耳非相干数字全息作为一种非扫描的三维成像技术具有其独特的优势,但其成像过程中会受到各种像差的影响,导致成像分辨率、再现像的质量降低.为了解决这一问题,可以结合适当的自适应光学技术对波前像差进行探测和校正.位相变更是一种基于两幅具有已知位相差的强度图像实现波前探测和像差校正的技术.本文发展了基于位相变更的非相干数字全息自适应成像技术,不需要引入引导星,利用全息记录过程中的两幅相移全息图,实现波前像差的探测.本文给出了所发展技术的数值仿真和实验结果,结合位相变更算法求解出系统像差的位相分布,将像差的共轭位相加载到光瞳面上,在全息图记录的同时校正像差,从而提高重建像的质量.     

Discrete models of liquid-vapour phase change phenomena in porous media

This survey presents recent developments in the modelling of liquid-vapor phase change phenomena in porous media within the framework of the discrete approach. The pore network (or discrete) approach is first illustrated through the example of the evaporation at low capillary number of a pure liquid from a capillary porous medium. In particular, it is shown that invasion percolation patterns characterise the phase distribution. Then first results concerning the vaporisation of a liquid within the porous wick of a capillary evaporator are presented. These results show that capillary fingering patterns can be expected within the wick.     

相变制冷复合镜研究

提出一种新的复合式腔镜结构,利用硅镜(钼镜)和铜镜的优点,避免它们的缺点,可以有效地减小热畸变.对钼、铜复合镜作了与硅镜的对比实验.实验结果表明钼、铜复合镜的热畸变比硅镜的约小一半.     

非均匀光斑导致相变镜镜面偏转的研究

 针对高功率激光器中非均匀光斑热致变形导致光轴偏转的问题，提出用相变致冷镜作为腔镜来减小镜面变形峰谷值和角向偏转，在2kW连续二氧化碳激光器上进行了热变形和光束漂移实验。实验表明，与普通实心硅镜相比，相变致冷镜镜面温度分布更均匀，可有效地减小镜面偏转角和光斑中心漂移，提高远场光束质量。