Treatment of Zn-Containing Acidic Waste Water by Emulsion Liquid Membrane Process

IntroductionThe concept of emulsion liquid membrane ( ELM)was suggested by Li in1 968[1] .In this technique,extraction and re- extraction are carried out in onesingle step with a large mass transferarea( 1 0 6m2 /m3 ) obtained within the emulsion drops.Theseadvantages attracted researchers with much ELMresearch carried out[2 4] since then. Industrialprocesses for treating acidic Zn- containing wastewater by EML have not been reported.Based onour laboratory experiments,we began to build ap…     

Study on the Action of Sodium Selenite on the Mitochondria Metabolism of Carassius auratus Hybrid Carps Liver by Microcalorimetry

By using an LKB-2277 bioactivity monitor and ampoule method, the fundamental thermogenesis curves of the metabolic process of liver mitochondria from Carassius auratus hybrid carps and the toxic effect of Na2SeO3 on it were studied at 28℃. From the thermogenesis curves, the thermokinetic equations were established under different condition. The kinetics show that Na2SeO3 has toxic action on the metabolism process of Carassius auratus hybrid carps liver mitochondria.     

Study on the Action of Sodium Selenite on the Mit ochondria Metabolism of Carassius auratus Hybrid Carps Liver by Microcalorimetry

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Trace element geochemistry during chemical weathering——As exemplified by the weathered crust of granite, Longnan, Jiangxi

The granite weathering in Longnan, Jiangxi, is represented by mineralogical changes of feldspars → montmorillonite, illite → kaolinite, halloysite f66 bauxite, with Na, Ca, Si, P, V, U and Sr being in a mobile state while Ti, Al, Fe, Sc, Th, Zr and Hf remaining relatively conservative. With the exception of Zr/Hf, Nb/Ta, Th/Sc, Zr/Nd and Sm/Nb, changes are notable in ratios between most of the trace elements. Re-distribution of REE and Y has taken place during the chemical weathering, and the REE patterns of weathered samples in the profile, with original characters of the parent rock still recognizable, has undergone some fractiona-tion. Generally, the extent of chemical weathering is the critical factor determining the mineralogical and chemical characteristics of the profiles and this must be taken into account in any study of tracing the provenance on the basis of mineralogical and trace element characteristics of the sediments.     

Identification of genes induced during Medicago sativa nodule development by using the cDNA-AFLP technique

Under limited nitrogen conditions, rhizobia are ableto induce the formation of nitrogen-fixing root nodules on their leguminous plant host. This organogenetic process is triggered by a complex exchange of molecu- lar signals between the host plant and bac…     

Erosion of the prismatic layer by the organic matrix during the formation of the nacre-prism transition layer in the shell of Pinctada fucata （Bivalvia, Mollusca）

Three variants of the sequence of formation of the nacre-prism transition layer were observed in Pinctada fucata (Bivalvia, Mollusca) shells. In each case, the layer was formed by the organic matrix secreted by the mantle, together with the interprismatic organic envelope. The continuity of the organic phase throughout the shell was maintained as the new nacreous layer was formed on the nacre-prism transition layer. Changes in the interprismatic organic envelopes on either side of the nacre-prism transition...     

Conversion of Rapid Prototyping Models into Metallic Tools by Ceramic Moulding—an Indirect Rapid Tooling Process

A process to convert models made by rapid prototypi ng techniques like SL (stereolitography) and LOM (laminated object manufacturing) or by conventional techniques (silicones, resins, wax, etc.) into metallic mould s or tools has been developed. The main purpose of this technique is to rapidly obtain the first prototypes of parts, for plastics injection, forging or any oth er manufacturing process using the tools produced by casting a metal into a cera mic mould. Briefly, it can be said that the ceramic...     

Process and mechanism of mountain-root removal of the Dabie Orogen—Constraints from geochronology and geochemistry of post-collisional igneous rocks

Systematical studies of post-collisional igneous rocks in the Dabie orogen suggest that the thickened mafic lower crust of the oro- gen was partially melted to form low-Mg# adakitic rocks at 143-131 Ma. Delamination and foundering of the thickened mafic lower crust occurred at 130 Ma, which caused the mantle upwelling and following mafic and granitic magmatic intrusions. Mig- matite in the North Dabie zone, coeval with the formation of low-Mg# adakitic intrusions in the Dabie orogen, was formed by partial melting of exhumed ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic rocks at middle crustal level. This paper argues that the partial melting of thickened lower and middle crust before mountain-root collapse needs lithospheric thinning. Based on the geothermal gradient of 6.6~C/km for lithospheric mantle and initial partial melting temperature of ~1000~C for the lower mafic crust, it can be estimated that the thickness of lithospheric mantle beneath thickened lower crust has been thinned to 〈45 km when the thickened lower crust was melting. Thus, a two-stage model for mountain-root removal is proposed. First, the lithospheric mantle keel was partially removal by mantle convection at 145 Ma. Loss of the lower lithosphere would increase heat flow into the base of the crust and would cause middle-lower crustal melting. Second, partial melting of the thickened lower crust has weakened the lower crust and increased its gravity instability, thus triggering delamination and foundering of the thickened mafic lower crust or mountain-root collapse. Therefore, convective removal and delamination of the thickened lower crust as two mechanisms of lithospheric thin- ning are related to causality.     

Autophagy Plays a Potential Role in the Process of Sea Cucumber Body Wall ＂Melting＂ Induced by UV Irradiation

The changes of tissue appearances and structures in the process of UV-induced ＂melting＂ for sea cucumber （Stichopus japonicus） body wall were studied. And the localization and determination of acid phosphatase （ACP）, Cathepsin B and Cathepsin L activities were also investigated. The results show that the connective tissue was damaged with many hollows emerging and the regular collagen bundles were broken apart into irregular fragments. Margination of condensed chromatin at the nuclear membrane was observed. Both Golgi＇s body and endoplasmic reticulure swelled, curled, and eventually double- or multi-lamellar vesicles were formed. A number of autophagic vesicles distributed in all through the whole cytoplasm. ACP becomes more active after UV irradiation. The activities of cathepsin B and cathepsin L increased in UV-treated sea cucumbers and both achieved their maximum under certain conditions, It indicates that autophagy plays a potential role in the ＂melting＂ process for sea cucumber body wall induced by UV irradiation.     

Evolution of ferronickel particles during the reduction of low-grade saprolitic laterite nickel ore by coal in the temperature range of 900–1250℃ with the addition of CaO–CaF_2–H_3BO_3

The method of producing ferronickel at low temperature(1250–1400℃) has been applied since the 1950s at Nippon Yakin Kogyo,Oheyama Works, Japan.Limestone was used as an additive to adjust the slag composition for lowering the slag melting point.The ferronickel product was recovered by means of a magnetic separator from semi-molten slag and metal after water quenching.To increase the efficiency of magnetic separation, a large particle size of ferronickel is desired.Therefore, in this study, the influences of CaO, CaF_2, and H_3BO_3 additives on the evolution of ferronickel particle at ≤1250℃ were investigated.The experiments were conducted at 900–1250℃ with the addition of CaO,CaF_2, and H_3BO_3.The reduction processes were carried out in a horizontal tube furnace for 2 h under argon atmosphere.At 1250℃, with the CaO addition of 10 wt% of the ore weight, ferronickel particles with size of 20 μm were obtained.The ferronickel particle size increased to 165μm by adding 10 wt% CaO and 10 wt% CaF_2.The addition of boric acid further increased the ferronickel particle size to 376 μm, as shown by the experiments with the addition of 10 wt% CaO, 10 wt% CaF_2, and 10 wt% H_3BO_3.     

Evolution of ferronickel particles during the reduction of low-grade saprolitic laterite nickel ore by coal in the temperature range of 900–1250℃with the addition of CaO–CaF2–H3BO3

The method of producing ferronickel at low temperature(1250–1400℃)has been applied since the 1950s at Nippon Yakin Kogyo,Oheyama Works,Japan.Limestone was used as an additive to adjust the slag composition for lowering the slag melting point.The ferronickel product was recovered by means of a magnetic separator from semi-molten slag and metal after water quenching.To increase the efficiency of magnetic separation,a large particle size of ferronickel is desired.Therefore,in this study,the influences of CaO,CaF₂,and H₃BO₃ additives on the evolution of ferronickel particle at≤1250℃were investigated.The experiments were conducted at 900–1250℃with the addition of CaO,CaF₂,and H₃BO₃.The reduction processes were carried out in a horizontal tube furnace for 2 h under argon atmosphere.At 1250℃,with the CaO addition of 10 wt%of the ore weight,ferronickel particles with size of 20μm were obtained.The ferronickel particle size increased to 165μm by adding 10 wt%CaO and 10 wt%CaF₂.The addition of boric acid further increased the ferronickel particle size to 376μm,as shown by the experiments with the addition of 10 wt%CaO,10 wt%CaF₂,and 10 wt%H₃BO₃.