高效液相色谱法测定食品中的几种重要金属元素

研究了用2－（2－喹啉偶氮）－5－二乙氨基酚（QADEAP）为柱前衍生试剂，甲醇（内含0．2％醋酸）和pH4.0醋酸－醋酸钠缓冲溶液梯度洗脱为流动相，Waters Nova-Pak-C18液相色谱柱为固定相，二极管矩阵检测器检测，高效液相色谱法分离测定食品中铁、钴、镍、铜、锌和锰的方法。根据信噪比（S／N＝3）各金属离子的检测限分别为：铁3．2μg/L，钴4．1μg/L，镍2．6μg/L，铜4．4μg/L，锌5．0μg/L，锰8．0μg/L，方法相对标准偏差在1．6％－3．5％之间，标准回收率在93％－107％，方法用于食品样品中痕量铁、钴、镍、铜、锌、锰的测定，结果令人满意。     

澳洲葡萄酒出口下滑

澳大利亚葡萄酒＆白兰地公司最近公布的统计数据显示，截至2008年2月的1年中，澳大利亚的葡萄酒出口总量达7．48亿升，比上一年度下降了5％，出口总额则为29亿澳元，下降了0．1％，但是出口单价却增长了5％，达到3．86澳元／升。     

安琪牌葡萄酒活性干酵母在红枣酒酿造中的应用

对安琪牌葡萄酒活性干酵母在红枣汁中的发酵条件进行了研究，表明60－120mg/L的SO2使用量，0．3％－0．5％的接种量，发酵的酒质较好。采用分次加糖、降低渗透压的方法进行发酵，对提高酒质、缩短发酵周期有利。采用安琪牌葡萄酒活性干醇母酿制干型红枣酒，具有典型的枣香和发酵产生的酒香，同时对控制发酵过程、稳定酒质有很大的好处。     

葡萄酒的降酸措施

葡萄酒的降酸措施胥秉武河北涿鹿县酿酒总厂（０７５６００）①冷冻葡萄原酒，降至－３～－５℃，调ｐＨ值为３．６左右，边搅拌边加入酒石酸氢钾，加入量为１～４ｇ／Ｌ，每隔４小时搅拌一次，每天化验酸度和酒石酸氢钾，一般７～１０天即可分离过滤。②根据葡萄酒的原酸...     

里奥哈葡萄酒销量创3年新低

据DOC里奥哈监管委员会最新统计,2008年里奥哈优质陈酿级葡萄酒（Gran Reserva）的销量下跌了14．7％,陈酿级葡萄酒（Reserva）下降了10．4％,Crianza级葡萄酒下降了5．3％。总体而言,里奥哈葡萄酒销量下降了7．5％。     

HPLC法测定葡萄酒中有机酸的色谱条件研究

利用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定葡萄酒中有机酸，测得相对标准偏差为1．8％，4．5％，回收率为94．5％，103．1％，具有简便快速、选择性好、准确度高之特点。最佳分离条件为：流动相用高氯酸调pH为2．5的水溶液，流速为0．6ml／min，柱温55℃，检测波长210nm，进样量10μl。     

沙棘酒发酵生产试验研究

利用野生沙棘果，选用葡萄酒酵母AS2．614，发酵生产沙棘酒，沙棘果 汁发酵初始糖度为20－21Bx，酸度为0．4－0．5％，前酵温度25－28摄氏度，后酵温度17－20摄氏度，沙棘酒果香浓郁，风格突出，维生素C含量极为丰富。     

2004年全球葡萄酒产量287亿L

国际葡萄及葡萄酒组织日前公布的数字显示，2004年全球葡萄酒产量达287亿L，比2003年同比增长9．5％。葡萄酒产量历史记录目前尚属于1992年，该年全球葡萄酒产量达296亿L。根据国际葡萄及葡萄酒组织的统计，2004年葡萄牙葡萄酒产量达7．2亿L，约占全球总产量的2．7％。     

阿根廷葡萄酒出口呈下滑趋势

本刊讯（记者肖玉华）阿根廷葡萄酒种植研究所发布的报告称，由于成本增加和货币升值导致竞争力持续下降．今年以来阿根廷葡萄酒出口出现下滑。数字显示．1至2月．阿根廷葡萄酒出口量下降24％，至44600千升；出口额下降6％，至1.2亿美元。同期．其国内葡萄酒销量也下降08％；散装葡萄酒出口量和出13额分别下降42．2%和36.9％；包装葡萄酒出1：3量为26800千升．同比下降49％．出IZt额为1．05亿美元，同比上升04％。阿根廷葡萄酒生产商协会称．最近3年来．阿根廷包装葡萄酒竞争力持续下降。     

试述pH值与葡萄酒的关系

葡萄酒中的许多生化反应取决于pH值，正常葡萄酒的pH值变化范围为2．7－3．8，控制适宜的pH值有利于葡萄酒的质量。     

苍耳子风湿药酒的研制与检测

实验确定了回流提取法为苍耳子药酒生产的最佳工艺,建立苍耳子风湿药酒的质量标准,利用高效液相色谱法检测苍耳子有效成分绿原酸。绿原酸进样量在0.315～1.575μg范围内呈良好的线性关系,回归方程为Y=1857900X+7575.80,r=0.999985(n=5),平均加样回收率为99.22%,RSD值为1.38%(n=6)。结果表明本方法简便、快速、灵敏、准确、重复性好,可以控制苍耳子风湿药酒的质量。     

葡萄酒中赭曲霉素A测定方法的研究

采用固相萃取小柱对葡萄酒中的赭曲霉素A(OTA)进行浓缩处理,选择高效液相荧光法和超高效液相质谱联用法,分别测定葡萄酒中的OTA含量。采用HPLC-FLD法测定葡萄酒中OTA时,线性良好,R2=0.9997;经固相萃取小柱浓缩后,测定方法检出限可达到0.002μg/L;回收率为85.7%～102.6%;RSD(n=5)为4.5%。通过HPLC-FLD和UPLC-MS/MS测定OTA方法对比发现HPLC-FLD方法具有更好的灵敏度和检出限。     

顶空-固相微萃取/气相色谱串联质谱法测定葡萄酒中多种氯酚及氯代茴香醚

样品中氯酚经乙酰化生成乙酰氯酚后,通过优化萃取头、离子强度、温度、时间等固相微萃取条件后,建立顶空-固相微萃取-气相色谱串联质谱法同时测定测定葡萄酒中的3种氯酚2,4,6-三氯酚(TCP)、2,3,4,6-四氯酚(TeCP)、五氯酚(PCP)以及两种氯代茴香醚2,4,6-三氯苯甲醚(TCA)、五氯苯甲醚(PCA)含量的方法。结果表明：该方法检出限为0.1ng/L,回收率为86.0%～105.9%,相对标准偏差小于16.5%。该方法前处理简单、高效、检测灵敏度高,可应用于进出口葡萄酒中木塞污染物的监控。     

固相微萃取-气相色谱法测定葡萄酒及软木塞中2，4，6-三氯苯甲醚（TCA）

采用固相微萃取-气相色谱法测定葡萄酒及软木塞中的TCA含量,样品试液经固相微萃取装置萃取、富集后,直接无分流进样,经毛细管柱DB-5分离后,用ECD检测器检测。结果表明,该方法检出限为0.1 ng/L,回收率在90%～106%之间,相对标准偏差(n=5)小于5%。     

Contribution to the study of ochratoxin A in Spanish wines.

With the aim of assessing ochratoxin A (OTA) contamination in wines from a Spanish northern region and the influence of harvest conditions, the following samples were analysed: 40 wines (28 red and 12 white) obtained from grapes cultivated in three different places of the northern Spanish region of Navarra, but in different years, 20 samples in 1997 and 20 in 1998. Wine samples were provided by a viticultural experimental station with very consistent and controlled cultural and enological practices. A high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method with fluorescence detection and immunoaffinity columns was employed (LOD = 0.05 ng ml(-1); method recovery = 101%). Eighty five per cent of the samples from 1997 showed OTA levels >0.05 ng ml(-1) (range 0.056-0.316 ng ml(-1)) and 15% of the samples from 1998 showed OTA levels above the LOD (range 0.074-0.193 ng ml(-1)). Averages detected in 1997 positive samples were 0.185 ng OTA ml(-1) wine (SD = 0.023) in white wine samples (n = 6) and 0.160 ng ml(-1) (SD = 0.119) in the red wine samples (n = 11). These differences between contamination by OTA in the samples from the two different years were attributed to the different quality of the grapes, due to the bad climate in 1997. The possibility of the loss of the mycotoxin was excluded by the analysis of OTA in contaminated wine during 12 months. This study showed that OTA is stable in wine for at least 1 year.     

固相萃取-高效液相色谱法测定黄酒中氨基甲酸乙酯

建立一种反相高效液相色谱法测定黄酒中氨基甲酸乙酯的方法。样品经固相萃取柱净化后衍生,采用反相C18色谱柱XB—Cfsf4．6mm×250mm,5μm）,以乙腈-0．02moL／L乙酸纳水溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,流速为lmL／min;设定荧光检测器中激发波长为233nm,发射波长为600nm,对黄酒中的氨基甲酸乙酯进行检测。结果表明,在50．0-250．0μg／L添加量范围内,平均回收率为92．9％,相对标准偏差为4．5％（n=6）。方法的检出限为10μg／L,线性范围为100～1500μg／L（R=0．9995）,测定结果与标准气相色谱一质谱法基本相同。所建立的方法可以作为黄酒中氨基甲酸乙酯的检测方法。     

Wine--an important source of lead exposure

Blood lead levels in 32 male chronic alcoholic patients were measured and related to drinking habits. An external reference group and a group with previous high alcohol consumption served as controls. Blood lead concentrations were significantly higher (P less than 0.05) in the group with current high alcohol consumption (mean +/- S.D.) (90 +/- 48 micrograms/l, n = 17) than in the external reference group (57 +/- 27 micrograms Pb/l, n = 35). The blood lead concentrations in the latter group were similar to those in the group with previous high alcohol consumption (55 +/- 20 micrograms Pb/l, n = 15). Patients with excessive consumption of wine only (average intake 2.61 wine/day, range 1.3-4.5 l/day) had particularly elevated blood lead concentrations (149 +/- 31 micrograms Pb/l, n = 5), whereas blood lead levels were close to the control value in patients with excessive consumption of spirits only (68 +/- 28 micrograms Pb/l, n = 7). Furthermore, within the external reference group blood lead levels were higher in those who regularly drank more than 0.51 of wine on several occasions each week (96 +/- 22 micrograms Pb/l, n = 6) than in those who consumed less wine (48 +/- 20 micrograms Pb/l, n = 29). In a recent study of table wines sold in Sweden the average lead concentration in 84 samples was found to be 73 micrograms/l.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定保健酒中紫杉醇的含量

建立了超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定保健酒中紫杉醇含量的方法。样品用水稀释10倍后经GCB固相萃取小柱净化,采用LunaC₈ 100A(150 mm×2 mm,3 μm)柱以0.2%甲酸溶液和乙腈为流动相进行梯度洗脱分离,电喷雾电离(ESI)正离子化和多反应监测模式(MRM)检测。紫杉醇在1~100 μg/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,决定系数(R2)大于0.999,方法的定量限(S/N=10)为10 μg/L;以保健酒为基质,紫杉醇在10.0、50.0和100.0 μg/L 3个水平下的平均加标回收率为88.9%~92.4%,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)为7.8%~9.5%;用建立的方法分析了17批实际样品,其中2批次样品有检出,且含量均超过方法定量限的100倍以上。该法简单、高效、灵敏、准确,可用于测定保健酒中紫杉醇的含量,为执法机关监管保健酒里添加红豆杉的违法行为提供了技术支持。     

Wine Expertise Predicts Taste Phenotype

Taste phenotypes have long been studied in relation to alcohol intake, dependence, and family history, with contradictory findings. However, on balance - with appropriate caveats about populations tested, outcomes measured and psychophysical methods used - an association between variation in taste responsiveness and some alcohol behaviors is supported. Recent work suggests super-tasting (operationalized via propylthiouracil (PROP) bitterness) not only associates with heightened response but also with more acute discrimination between stimuli. Here, we explore relationships between food and beverage adventurousness and taste phenotype. A convenience sample of wine drinkers (n=330) were recruited in Ontario and phenotyped for PROP bitterness via filter paper disk. They also filled out a short questionnaire regarding willingness to try new foods, alcoholic beverages and wines as well as level of wine involvement, which was used to classify them as a wine expert (n=110) or wine consumer (n=220). In univariate logisitic models, food adventurousness predicted trying new wines and beverages but not expertise. Likewise, wine expertise predicted willingness to try new wines and beverages but not foods. In separate multivariate logistic models, willingness to try new wines and beverages was predicted by expertise and food adventurousness but not PROP. However, mean PROP bitterness was higher among wine experts than wine consumers, and the conditional distribution functions differed between experts and consumers. In contrast, PROP means and distributions did not differ with food adventurousness. These data suggest individuals may self-select for specific professions based on sensory ability (i.e., an active gene-environment correlation) but phenotype does not explain willingness to try new stimuli.     

固相萃取-高效液相色谱检测葡萄酒中罗丹明B

建立固相萃取富集净化,高效液相色谱紫外检测葡萄酒中禁用色素罗丹明B的方法。葡萄酒样品中的罗丹明B经C18固相萃取,40%乙醇溶液清洗净化,80%的甲醇溶液洗脱后,用高效液相色谱紫外检测器进行测定。结果表明：罗丹明B在1.0～10.0μg/mL范围呈现良好的线性关系,相关系数0.9924;在1.5～3.5μg/mL添加水平时,平均回收率为72.06%,相对标准偏差为2.87%(n=5);定量测出限为0.25μg/mL。表明该方法灵敏度高,重复性良好,操作简便快速,适用于葡萄酒中罗丹明B的检测。